Found problems: 1
2021 Korea National Olympiad, P4
For a positive integer $n$, there are two countries $A$ and $B$ with $n$ airports each and $n^2-2n+ 2$ airlines operating between the two countries. Each airline operates at least one flight. Exactly one flight by one of the airlines operates between each airport in $A$ and each airport in $B$, and that flight operates in both directions. Also, there are no flights between two airports in the same country. For two different airports $P$ and $Q$, denote by "[i]$(P, Q)$-travel route[/i]" the list of airports $T_0, T_1, \ldots, T_s$ satisfying the following conditions.
[list]
[*] $T_0=P,\ T_s=Q$
[*] $T_0, T_1, \ldots, T_s$ are all distinct.
[*] There exists an airline that operates between the airports $T_i$ and $T_{i+1}$ for all $i = 0, 1, \ldots, s-1$.
[/list]
Prove that there exist two airports $P, Q$ such that there is no or exactly one [i]$(P, Q)$-travel route[/i].
[hide=Graph Wording]Consider a complete bipartite graph $G(A, B)$ with $\vert A \vert = \vert B \vert = n$. Suppose there are $n^2-2n+2$ colors and each edge is colored by one of these colors. Define $(P, Q)-path$ a path from $P$ to $Q$ such that all of the edges in the path are colored the same. Prove that there exist two vertices $P$ and $Q$ such that there is no or only one $(P, Q)-path$. [/hide]