Found problems: 85335
2014 Lithuania Team Selection Test, 5
Given real numbers $x$ and $y$. Let $s_{1}=x+y, s_{2}=x^2+y^2, s_{3}=x^3+y^3, s_{4}=x^4+y^4$ and $t=xy$.
[b]a)[/b] Prove, that number $t$ is rational, if $s_{2}, s_{3}$ and $s_{4}$ are rational numbers.
[b]b)[/b] Prove, that number $s_{1}$ is rational, if $s_{2}, s_{3}$ and $s_{4}$ are rational numbers.
[b]c)[/b] Can number $s_{1}$ be irrational, if $s_{2}$ and $s_{3}$ are rational numbers?
1997 Federal Competition For Advanced Students, P2, 6
For every natural number $ n$, find all polynomials $ x^2\plus{}ax\plus{}b$, where $ a^2 \ge 4b$, that divide $ x^{2n}\plus{}ax^n\plus{}b$.
1980 Dutch Mathematical Olympiad, 3
Given is the non-right triangle $ABC$. $D,E$ and $F$ are the feet of the respective altitudes from $A,B$ and $C$. $P,Q$ and $R$ are the respective midpoints of the line segments $EF$, $FD$ and $DE$. $p \perp BC$ passes through $P$, $q \perp CA$ passes through $Q$ and $r \perp AB$ passes through $R$. Prove that the lines $p, q$ and $r$ pass through one point.
2013 Iran Team Selection Test, 3
For nonnegative integers $m$ and $n$, define the sequence $a(m,n)$ of real numbers as follows. Set $a(0,0)=2$ and for every natural number $n$, set $a(0,n)=1$ and $a(n,0)=2$. Then for $m,n\geq1$, define \[ a(m,n)=a(m-1,n)+a(m,n-1). \] Prove that for every natural number $k$, all the roots of the polynomial $P_{k}(x)=\sum_{i=0}^{k}a(i,2k+1-2i)x^{i}$ are real.
2007 Swedish Mathematical Competition, 2
A number of flowers are distributed between $n$ persons so that the first of them, Andreas, gets one flower, the other gets two flowers, the third gets three flowers, etc., to $n$-th person who gets $n$ flowers. Andreas then walks around shaking hands with each other of the others, in any order. In order to do so, he receives a flower from everyone which he hangs on to and which has more flowers than himself at the moment they shake hands. Which is the smallest number of flowers Andreas can have after shaking hands with everyone?
2012 Singapore MO Open, 3
For each $i=1,2,..N$, let $a_i,b_i,c_i$ be integers such that at least one of them is odd. Show that one can find integers $x,y,z$ such that $xa_i+yb_i+zc_i$ is odd for at least $\frac{4}{7}N$ different values of $i$.
2020/2021 Tournament of Towns, P3
Two circles $\alpha{}$ and $\beta{}$ with centers $A{}$ and $B{}$ respectively intersect at points $C{}$ and $D{}$. The segment $AB{}$ intersects $\alpha{}$ and $\beta{}$ at points $K{}$ and $L{}$ respectively. The ray $DK$ intersects the circle $\beta{}$ for the second time at the point $N{}$, and the ray $DL$ intersects the circle $\alpha{}$ for the second time at the point $M{}$. Prove that the intersection point of the diagonals of the quadrangle $KLMN$ coincides with the incenter of the triangle $ABC$.
[i]Konstantin Knop[/i]
1984 IMO Longlists, 51
Two cyclists leave simultaneously a point $P$ in a circular runway with constant velocities $v_1, v_2 (v_1 > v_2)$ and in the same sense. A pedestrian leaves $P$ at the same time, moving with velocity $v_3 = \frac{v_1+v_2}{12}$ . If the pedestrian and the cyclists move in opposite directions, the pedestrian meets the second cyclist $91$ seconds after he meets the first. If the pedestrian moves in the same direction as the cyclists, the first cyclist overtakes him $187$ seconds before the second does. Find the point where the first cyclist overtakes the second cyclist the first time.
2022 AMC 8 -, 8
What is the value of \[\displaystyle\frac{1}{3}\cdot\displaystyle\frac{2}{4}\cdot\displaystyle\frac{3}{5}\cdots\displaystyle\frac{18}{20}\cdot\displaystyle\frac{19}{21}\cdot\displaystyle\frac{20}{22}?\]
$\textbf{(A)} ~\displaystyle\frac{1}{462}\qquad\textbf{(B)} ~\displaystyle\frac{1}{231}\qquad\textbf{(C)} ~\displaystyle\frac{1}{132}\qquad\textbf{(D)} ~\displaystyle\frac{2}{213}\qquad\textbf{(E)} ~\displaystyle\frac{1}{22}\qquad$
2017 QEDMO 15th, 7
Find all real solutions $x, y$ of the system of equations
$$\begin{cases} x + \dfrac{3x-y}{x^2 + y^2} = 3 \\ \\ y-\dfrac{x + 3y}{x^2 + y^2} = 0 \end{cases}$$
2021 Stanford Mathematics Tournament, 6
$\odot A$, centered at point $A$, has radius $14$ and $\odot B$, centered at point $B$, has radius $15$. $AB = 13$. The circles intersect at points $C$ and $D$. Let $E$ be a point on $\odot A$, and $F$ be the point where line $EC$ intersects $\odot B$, again. Let the midpoints of $DE$ and $DF$ be $M$ and $N$, respectively. Lines $AM$ and $BN$ intersect at point $G$. If point $E$ is allowed to move freely on $\odot A$, what is the radius of the locus of $G$?
1998 Harvard-MIT Mathematics Tournament, 7
Given that three roots of $f(x)=x^4+ax^2+bx+c$ are $2$, $-3$, and $5$, what is the value of $a+b+c$?
2021 Brazil Team Selection Test, 4
Find all positive integers $n$ with the folowing property: for all triples ($a$,$b$,$c$) of positive real there is a triple of non negative integers ($l$,$j$,$k$) such that $an^k$, $bn^j$ and $cn^l$ are sides of a non degenate triangle
2012 Online Math Open Problems, 22
Find the largest prime number $p$ such that when $2012!$ is written in base $p$, it has at least $p$ trailing zeroes.
[i]Author: Alex Zhu[/i]
2001 Cuba MO, 1
Let $f$ be a linear function such that $f(0) = -5$ and $f(f(0)) = -15$. Find the values of $ k \in R$ for which the solutions of the inequality $f(x) \cdot f(k - x) > 0$, lie in an interval of[u][/u] length $2$.
1901 Eotvos Mathematical Competition, 2
If $$u=\text{cot} 22^{\circ}30’ \text{ },\text{ } v= \frac{1}{\text{sin} 22^{\circ}30’}$$ prove that $u$ satisfies a quadratic and $v$ a quartic (4th degree) equation with integral coefficients and with leading coefficients $1$.
2018 BMT Spring, 2
Suppose for some positive integers, that $\frac{p+\frac{1}{q}}{q+\frac{1}{p}}= 17$. What is the greatest integer $n$ such that $\frac{p+q}{n}$ is always an integer?
2000 AMC 12/AHSME, 10
The point $ P \equal{} (1,2,3)$ is reflected in the $ xy$-plane, then its image $ Q$ is rotated by $ 180^\circ$ about the $ x$-axis to produce $ R$, and finally, $ R$ is translated by 5 units in the positive-$ y$ direction to produce $ S$. What are the coordinates of $ S$?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ (1,7, \minus{} 3) \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ ( \minus{} 1,7, \minus{} 3) \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ ( \minus{} 1, \minus{} 2,8) \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ ( \minus{} 1,3,3) \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ (1,3,3)$
2006 Poland - Second Round, 3
Given is a prime number $p$ and natural $n$ such that $p \geq n \geq 3$. Set $A$ is made of sequences of lenght $n$ with elements from the set $\{0,1,2,...,p-1\}$ and have the following property:
For arbitrary two sequence $(x_1,...,x_n)$ and $(y_1,...,y_n)$ from the set $A$ there exist three different numbers $k,l,m$ such that:
$x_k \not = y_k$, $x_l \not = y_l$, $x_m \not = y_m$.
Find the largest possible cardinality of $A$.
2022 Assam Mathematical Olympiad, 17
Consider a rectangular grid of points consisting of $4$ rows and $84$ columns. Each point is coloured with one of the colours red, blue or green. Show that no matter whatever way the colouring is done, there always exist four points
of the same colour that form the vertices of a rectangle. An illustration is shown in the figure below.
2024 China Team Selection Test, 13
For a natural number $n$, let $$C_n=\frac{1}{n+1}\binom{2n}{n}=\frac{(2n)!}{n!(n+1)!}$$ be the $n$-th Catalan number. Prove that for any natural number $m$, $$\sum_{i+j+k=m} C_{i+j}C_{j+k}C_{k+i}=\frac{3}{2m+3}C_{2m+1}.$$
[i]Proposed by Bin Wang[/i]
2021 Caucasus Mathematical Olympiad, 4
A square grid $2n \times 2n$ is constructed of matches (each match is a segment of length 1). By one move Peter can choose a vertex which (at this moment) is the endpoint of 3 or 4 matches and delete two matches whose union is a segment of length 2. Find the least possible number of matches that could remain after a number of Peter's moves.
2011 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 736
Evaluate
\[\int_0^1 \frac{(e^x+1)\{e^x+1+(1+x+e^x)\ln (1+x+e^x)\}}{1+x+e^x}\ dx\]
2008 Irish Math Olympiad, 3
Determine, with proof, all integers $ x$ for which $ x(x\plus{}1)(x\plus{}7)(x\plus{}8)$ is a perfect square.
2019 Istmo Centroamericano MO, 5
Gabriel plays to draw triangles using the vertices of a regular polygon with $2019$ sides, following these rules:
(i) The vertices used by each triangle must not have been previously used.
(ii) The sides of the triangle to be drawn must not intersect with the sides of the triangles previously drawn.
If Gabriel continues to draw triangles until it is no longer possible, determine the minimum number of triangles that he drew.