Found problems: 85335
Find all prime numbers $p$ for which number $p^2 + 11$ has exactly six different divisors (counting $1$ and itself).
a)Does there exist for any rational number $\frac{a}{b}$ some rational numbers $x_1,x_2,....x_n$ such that
$x_1*x_2*....*x_n=1$ and $x_1+x_2+....+x_n=\frac{a}{b}$
a)Does there exist for any rational number $\frac{a}{b}$ some rational numbers $x_1,x_2,....x_n$ such that
$x_1*x_2*....*x_n=\frac{a}{b}$ and $x_1+x_2+....+x_n=1$
a) Given a convex hexagon $ABCDEF$ with all the equal angles. Prove that $$|AB|-|DE| = |EF|-|BC| = |CD|-|FA|$$
b) The opposite problem:
Prove that it is possible to construct a convex hexagon with equal angles of six segments $a_1,a_2,...,a_6$, whose lengths satisfy the condition $$a_1-a_4 = a_5-a_2 = a_3-a_6$$
Let $ABC$ be a triangle and $H$ its orthocenter. Let $D$ be a point lying on the segment $AC$ and let $E$ be the point on the line $BC$ such that $BC\perp DE$. Prove that $EH\perp BD$ if and only if $BD$ bisects $AE$.
Let each of circles $\alpha, \beta, \gamma$ touches two remaining circles externally, and all of them touche a circle $\Omega$ internally at points $A_1, B_1, C_1$ respectively. The common internal tangent to $\alpha$ and $\beta$ meets the arc $A_1B_1$ not containing $C_1$ at point $C_2$. Points $A_2$, $B_2$ are defined similarly. Prove that the lines $A_1A_2, B_1B_2, C_1C_2$ concur.
Find all real numbers $x,y,z\geq 1$ satisfying \[\min(\sqrt{x+xyz},\sqrt{y+xyz},\sqrt{z+xyz})=\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}+\sqrt{z-1}.\]
There are $1000$ balls and $500$ bins that can fit arbitrarily many balls. All of the balls are then placed independently and at random into the bins. Estimate how many bins, on average, are empty. (Estimate the expected number of empty bins. In other words, if this were done over and over again, how many bins would be empty on average?) Your estimate must be an integer, or you will receive a score of zero.
A function $f : \mathbb{Z}_+ \to \mathbb{Z}_+$, where $\mathbb{Z}_+$ is the set of positive integers, is non-decreasing and satisfies $f(mn) = f(m)f(n)$ for all relatively prime positive integers $m$ and $n$. Prove that $f(8)f(13) \ge (f(10))^2$.
Let $N>1$ be an integer. We are adding all remainders when we divide $N$ by all positive integers less than $N$. If this sum is less than $N$, find all possible values of $N$.
$ABC$ is an acute triangle with $\angle ACB = 45^o$. Let $D$ and $E$ be points on the sides $BC$ and $AC$, respectively, such that $AB = AD = BE$. Let $M,N$ and $X$ be the midpoints of $BD, AE$ and $AB$, respectively. Let lines $AM$ and $BN$ intersect at point $P$. Show that lines $XP$ and $DE$ are perpendicular.
Five men and seven women stand in a line in random order. Let m and n be relatively prime positive integers so that $\tfrac{m}{n}$ is the probability that each man stands next to at least one woman. Find $m + n.$
Let $\pi$ be the set of points in a plane and $f : \pi \to \pi$ be a mapping such that the image of any triangle (as its polygonal line) is a square. Show that $f(\pi)$ is a square.
Show that any graph with $6$ points has a triangle or three points which are not joined to each other.
If $ a$, $ b$ and $ c$ are positive reals prove inequality:
\[ \left(1\plus{}\frac{4a}{b\plus{}c}\right)\left(1\plus{}\frac{4b}{a\plus{}c}\right)\left(1\plus{}\frac{4c}{a\plus{}b}\right) > 25.\]
Tim is thinking of a positive integer between $2$ and $15,$ inclusive, and Ted is trying to guess the integer. Tim tells Ted how many factors his integer has, and Ted is then able to be certain of what Tim's integer is. What is Tim's integer?
Let $P$ a convex regular polygon with $n$ sides, having the center $O$ and $\angle xOy$ an angle of measure $a$, $a \in (0,k)$. Let $S$ be the area of the common part of the interiors of the polygon and the angle. Find, as a function of $n$, the values of $a$ such that $S$ remains constant when $\angle xOy$ is rotating around $O$.
A hunter and an invisible rabbit play a game on an infinite square grid. First the hunter fixes a colouring of the cells with finitely many colours. The rabbit then secretly chooses a cell to start in. Every minute, the rabbit reports the colour of its current cell to the hunter, and then secretly moves to an adjacent cell that it has not visited before (two cells are adjacent if they share an edge). The hunter wins if after some finite time either:[list][*]the rabbit cannot move; or
[*]the hunter can determine the cell in which the rabbit started.[/list]Decide whether there exists a winning strategy for the hunter.
[i]Proposed by Aron Thomas[/i]
The harmonic mean of two positive numbers is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of their reciprocals. For how many ordered pairs of positive integers $(x,y)$ with $x<y$ is the harmonic mean of $x$ and $y$ equal to $6^{20}.$
Prove that there is no inclined plane such that any tetrahedron placed arbitrarily with a certain face on the plane will not fall over.
It means the following:
Given a plane $ \pi $ and a line $ l $ not perpendicular to it. Prove that there is a tetrahedron $ T $ such that for each of its faces $ S $ there is in the plane $ \pi $ a triangle $ ABC $ congruent to $ S $ and there is a point $ D $ such that the tetrahedron $ ABCD $ congruent to $ T $ and the line parallel to $ l $ passing through the center of gravity of the tetrahedron $ ABCD $ does not intersect the triangle $ ABC $.
Note. The center of gravity of a tetrahedron is the intersection point of the segments connecting the centers of gravity of the faces of this tetrahedron with the opposite vertices (it is known that such a point always exists).
A [i]calendar[/i] is a (finite) rectangular grid. A calendar is [i]valid[/i] if it satisfies the following conditions:
(i) Each square of the calendar is colored white or red, and there are exactly 10 red squares.
(ii) Suppose that there are $N$ columns of squares in the calendar. Then if we fill in the numbers $1,2,\ldots$ from the top row to the bottom row, and within each row from left to right, there do not exist $N$ consecutive numbers such that the squares they are in are all white.
(iii) Suppose that there are $M$ rows of squares in the calendar. Then if we fill in the numbers $1,2,\ldots$ from the left-most column to the right-most column, and within each column from bottom to top, there do not exist $M$ consecutive numbers such that the squares they are in are all white. In other words, if we rotate the calendar clockwise by $90^{\circ}$, the resulting calendar still satisfies (ii).
How many different kinds of valid calendars are there?
(Remark: During the actual exam, the contestants were confused about what counts as different calendars. So although this was not in the actual exam, I would like to specify that two calendars are considered different if they have different side lengths or if the $10$ red squares are at different locations.)
Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle in a plane such that $AB=13$, $BC=14$, and $CA=15$. Let $D$ be a point in three-dimensional space such that $\angle{BDC}=\angle{CDA}=\angle{ADB}=90^\circ$. Let $d$ be the distance from $D$ to the plane containing $\triangle ABC$. The value $d^2$ can be expressed as $\frac{m}{n}$ for relatively prime positive integers $m$ and $n$. Compute $m+n$.
[i]Proposed by William Yue[/i]
The circle inscribed in the triangle $ ABC $ , with center $O$, touches the sides $ AB $ and $ BC $ at the points $ C_1 $ and $ A_1 $, respectively. The lines $ CO $ and $ AO $ intersect the line $ C_1A_1 $ at the points $ K $ and $ L $. $ M $ is the midpoint of $ AC $ and $ \angle ABC = 60^\circ $. Prove that $ KLM $ is a regular triangle.
The edges of a cube are numbered from $1$ to $12$, then is calculated for each vertex the sum of the numbers of the edges going out from it.
a) Prove that these sums cannot all be the same.
b) Can eight equal sums result after one of the edge numbers is replaced by the number $13$ ?
The white fields of $1983\times 1984 $1983x1984 are filled with either $+1$ or $-1$. For every black field, the product of neighbouring numbers is $+1$. Prove that all the numbers are $+1$.
Point $P$ lies inside of scalene triangle $ABC$ with incenter $I$ such that $:$
$$ 2\angle ABP = \angle BCA , 2\angle ACP = \angle CBA $$
Lines $PB$ and $PC$ intersect line $AI$ respectively at $B'$ and $C'$. Line through $B'$ parallel to $AB$ intersects $BI$ at $X$ and line through $C'$ parallel to $AC$ intersects $CI$ at $Y$. Prove that triangles $PXY$ and $ABC$ are similar.