Found problems: 4776
Determine all functions $f$ from the reals to the reals for which
(1) $f(x)$ is strictly increasing and (2) $f(x) + g(x) = 2x$ for all real $x$,
where $g(x)$ is the composition inverse function to $f(x)$. (Note: $f$ and $g$ are said to be composition inverses if $f(g(x)) = x$ and $g(f(x)) = x$ for all real $x$.)
Let $f(x)=x^2-\pi x$, $\alpha=\arcsin\frac{1}{3},\beta=\arctan\frac{5}{4},\gamma=\arccos\left(-\frac{1}{3}\right),\delta=\text{arccot}\left(-\frac{5}{4}\right)$
$\text{(A)}f(\alpha)>f(\beta)>f(\delta)>f(\gamma)$
$\text{(B)}f(\alpha)>f(\delta)>f(\beta)>f(\gamma)$
$\text{(C)}f(\delta)>f(\alpha)>f(\beta)>f(\gamma)$
$\text{(D)}f(\delta)>f(\alpha)>f(\gamma)>f(\beta)$
[b]9.[/b] Let $X_0, X_1, \dots $ be independent, indentically distributed, nondegenerate random variables, and let $0<\alpha <1$ be a real number. Assume that the series
$\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \alpha^{k} X_k$
is convergent with probability one. Prove that the distribution function of the sum is continuous. ([b]P. 23[/b])
[T. F. Móri]
Let $ n \leq 44, n \in \mathbb{N}.$ Prove that for any function $ f$ defined over $ \mathbb{N}^2$ whose images are in the set $ \{1, 2, \ldots , n\},$ there are four ordered pairs $ (i, j), (i, k), (l, j),$ and $ (l, k)$ such that \[ f(i, j) \equal{} f(i, k) \equal{} f(l, j) \equal{} f(l, k),\] in which $ i, j, k, l$ are chosen in such a way that there are natural numbers $ m, p$ that satisfy \[ 1989m \leq i < l < 1989 \plus{} 1989m\] and \[ 1989p \leq j < k < 1989 \plus{} 1989p.\]
In $xyz$ space, find the volume of the solid expressed by $x^2+y^2\leq z\le \sqrt{3}y+1.$
Let $S=\{1,2,...,100\}$ . Find number of functions $f: S\to S$ satisfying the following conditions
a)$f(1)=1$
b)$f$ is bijective
c)$f(n)=f(g(n))f(h(n))\forall n\in S$, where $g(n),h(n)$ are positive integer numbers such that $g(n)\leq h(n),n=g(n)h(n)$ that minimize $h(n)-g(n)$.
Determine continuous functions $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ such that $\left( {{a}^{2}}+ab+{{b}^{2}} \right)\int\limits_{a}^{b}{f\left( x \right)dx=3\int\limits_{a}^{b}{{{x}^{2}}f\left( x \right)dx,}}$ for every $a,b\in \mathbb{R}$ .
Find all Riemann integrable functions $ f:\mathbb{R}\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} $ which have the property that, for all nonconstant and continuous functions $ g:\mathbb{R}\longrightarrow\mathbb{R}, $ and all real numbers $ a,b $ such that $ a<b, $ the following equality holds.
$$ \int_a^b \left( f\circ g \right) (x)dx=\int_a^b \left( g\circ f \right) (x)dx $$
[i]Cosmin Nițu[/i]
(1) Let $ f(x)$ be a continuous function defined on $ [a,\ b]$, it is known that there exists some $ c$ such that
\[ \int_a^b f(x)\ dx \equal{} (b \minus{} a)f(c)\ (a < c < b)\]
Explain the fact by using graph. Note that you don't need to prove the statement.
(2) Let $ f(x) \equal{} a_0 \plus{} a_1x \plus{} a_2x^2 \plus{} \cdots\cdots \plus{} a_nx^n$,
Prove that there exists $ \theta$ such that
\[ f(\sin \theta) \equal{} a_0 \plus{} \frac {a_1}{2} \plus{} \frac {a_3}{3} \plus{} \cdots\cdots \plus{} \frac {a_n}{n \plus{} 1},\ 0 < \theta < \frac {\pi}{2}.\]
Find all triples $(a,b, c)$ of real numbers for which there exists a non-zero function $f: R \to R$, such that $$af(xy + f(z)) + bf(yz + f(x)) + cf(zx + f(y)) = 0$$ for all real $x, y, z$.
(E. Barabanov)
Let $f: [0,1] \to (0, \infty)$ be an integrable function such that $f(x)f(1-x) = 1$ for all $x\in [0,1]$. Prove that $\int_0^1f(x)dx \geq 1$.
Given that a sequence satisfies $x_0=0$ and $|x_k|=|x_{k-1}+3|$ for all integers $k\ge 1,$ find the minimum possible value of $|x_1+x_2+\cdots+x_{2006}|$.
How many non-negative integral values of $x$ satisfy the equation $ \lfloor \frac{x}{5}\rfloor = \lfloor \frac{x}{7}\rfloor $
Find all functions $f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ satisfying relation :
$$f(xf(y)-f(x))=2f(x)+xy$$
$\forall x,y \in \mathbb{R}$
Let $\mathbb{N}$ denote the set of positive integers, and let $S$ be a set. There exists a function $f :\mathbb{N} \rightarrow S$ such that if $x$ and $y$ are a pair of positive integers with their difference being a prime number, then $f(x) \neq f(y)$. Determine the minimum number of elements in $S$.
Let $f:[0,\infty )\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ be a periodical function, with period $1$, integrable on $[0,1]$. For a strictly increasing and unbounded sequence $(x_n)_{n\ge 0},\, x_0=0,$ with $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty} (x_{n+1}-x_n)=0$, we denote $r(n)=\max \{ k\mid x_k\le n\}$.
a) Show that:
\[\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k=1}^{r(n)}(x_k-x_{k+1})f(x_k)=\int_0^1 f(x)\, dx\]
b) Show that:
\[ \lim_{n\rightarrow\infty} \frac{1}{\ln n}\sum_{k=1}^{r(n)}\frac{f(\ln k)}{k}=\int_0^1f(x)\, dx\]
The graph of the function $f(x)=x^n+a_{n-1}x_{n-1}+\ldots +a_1x+a_0$ (where $n>1$) intersects the line $y=b$ at the points $B_1,B_2,\ldots ,B_n$ (from left to right), and the line $y=c\ (c\not= b)$ at the points $C_1,C_2,\ldots ,C_n$ (from left to right). Let $P$ be a point on the line $y=c$, to the right to the point $C_n$. Find the sum
\[\cot (\angle B_1C_1P)+\ldots +\cot (\angle B_nC_nP) \]
Find the range of the function $f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R},$ $$f(x)=\frac{3+2\sin x}{\sqrt{1+\cos x}+\sqrt{1-\cos x}}.$$
Let $ f:\mathbb{R}\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} $ be a bounded function in some neighbourhood of $ 0, $ such that there are three real numbers $ a>0, b>1, c $ with the property that
$$ f(ax)=bf(x)+c,\quad\forall x\in\mathbb{R} . $$
Show that $ f $ is continuous at $ 0 $ if and only if $ c=0. $
Two boundary points of a ball of radius 1 are joined by a curve contained in the ball and having length less than 2. Prove that the curve is contained entirely within some hemisphere of the given ball.
Let $ f:[0,1]\longrightarrow [0,1] $ be a nondecreasing function. Prove that the sequence
$$ \left( \int_0^1 \frac{1+f^n(x)}{1+f^{1+n} (x)} \right)_{n\ge 1} $$
is convergent and calculate its limit.
Let ${f}$ be a bounded real function defined for all real numbers and satisfying for all real numbers ${x}$ the condition ${ f \Big(x+\frac{1}{3}\Big) + f \Big(x+\frac{1}{2}\Big)=f(x)+ f \Big(x+\frac{5}{6}\Big)}$ . Show that ${f}$ is periodic.
Determine all functions $f: \mathbb{Q} \to \mathbb{Q}$ such that
$$f(2xy + \frac{1}{2}) + f(x-y) = 4f(x)f(y) + \frac{1}{2}$$
for all $x,y \in \mathbb{Q}$.
Let $ ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral. The side lengths of $ ABCD$ are distinct integers less than $ 15$ such that $ BC\cdot CD\equal{}AB\cdot DA$. What is the largest possible value of $ BD$?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \sqrt{\frac{325}{2}} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \sqrt{185} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \sqrt{\frac{389}{2}} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \sqrt{\frac{425}{2}} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \sqrt{\frac{533}{2}}$
Determine all functions $ f: \mathbb{R}^\plus{} \mapsto \mathbb{R}^\plus{}$ which satisfy \[ f \left(\frac {f(x)}{yf(x) \plus{} 1}\right) \equal{} \frac {x}{xf(y)\plus{}1} \quad \forall x,y > 0\]