Found problems: 913
2008 Regional Competition For Advanced Students, 4
For every positive integer $ n$ let
\[ a_n\equal{}\sum_{k\equal{}n}^{2n}\frac{(2k\plus{}1)^n}{k}\]
Show that there exists no $ n$, for which $ a_n$ is a non-negative integer.
2009 Putnam, B1
Show that every positive rational number can be written as a quotient of products of factorials of (not necessarily distinct) primes. For example, $ \frac{10}9\equal{}\frac{2!\cdot 5!}{3!\cdot 3!\cdot 3!}.$
2010 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 637
For a non negative integer $n$, set t $I_n=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \tan ^ n x\ dx$ to answer the following questions:
(1) Calculate $I_{n+2}+I_n.$
(2) Evaluate the values of $I_1,\ I_2$ and $I_3.$
1978 Niigata university entrance exam
2000 AMC 12/AHSME, 23
Professor Gamble buys a lottery ticket, which requires that he pick six different integers from $ 1$ through $ 46$, inclusive. He chooses his numbers so that the sum of the base-ten logarithms of his six numbers is an integer. It so happens that the integers on the winning ticket have the same property--- the sum of the base-ten logarithms is an integer. What is the probability that Professor Gamble holds the winning ticket?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ 1/5 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 1/4 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 1/3 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 1/2 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 1$
1980 Swedish Mathematical Competition, 1
Show that $\log_{10} 2$ is irrational.
2015 Mathematical Talent Reward Programme, SAQ: P 2
Let $x, y$ be numbers in the interval (0,1) such that for some $a>0, a \neq 1$ $$\log _{x} a+\log _{y} a=4 \log _{x y} a$$Prove that $x=y$
1953 AMC 12/AHSME, 47
If $ x$ is greater than zero, then the correct relationship is:
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \log (1\plus{}x) \equal{} \frac{x}{1\plus{}x} \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \log (1\plus{}x) < \frac{x}{1\plus{}x} \\
\textbf{(C)}\ \log(1\plus{}x) > x \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ \log (1\plus{}x) < x \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these}$
2010 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 638
Let $(a,\ b)$ be a point on the curve $y=\frac{x}{1+x}\ (x\geq 0).$ Denote $U$ the volume of the figure enclosed by the curve , the $x$ axis and the line $x=a$, revolved around the the $x$ axis and denote $V$ the volume of the figure enclosed by the curve , the $y$ axis and th line $y=b$, revolved around the $y$ axis. What's the relation of $U$ and $V?$
1978 Chuo university entrance exam/Science and Technology
1977 Miklós Schweitzer, 6
Let $ f$ be a real function defined on the positive half-axis for which $ f(xy)\equal{}xf(y)\plus{}yf(x)$ and $ f(x\plus{}1) \leq f(x)$ hold for every positive $ x$ and $ y$. Show that if $ f(1/2)\equal{}1/2$, then \[ f(x)\plus{}f(1\minus{}x) \geq \minus{}x \log_2 x \minus{}(1\minus{}x) \log_2 (1\minus{}x)\] for every $ x\in (0,1)$.
[i]Z. Daroczy, Gy. Maksa[/i]
2005 AMC 12/AHSME, 17
How many distinct four-tuples $ (a,b,c,d)$ of rational numbers are there with
$ a \log_{10} 2 \plus{} b \log_{10} 3 \plus{} c \log_{10} 5 \plus{} d \log_{10} 7 \equal{} 2005$?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ 0\qquad
\textbf{(B)}\ 1\qquad
\textbf{(C)}\ 17\qquad
\textbf{(D)}\ 2004\qquad
\textbf{(E)}\ \text{infinitely many}$
1970 IMO Longlists, 29
Prove that the equation $4^x +6^x =9^x$ has no rational solutions.
2012 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 784
Define for positive integer $n$, a function $f_n(x)=\frac{\ln x}{x^n}\ (x>0).$ In the coordinate plane, denote by $S_n$ the area of the figure enclosed by $y=f_n(x)\ (x\leq t)$, the $x$-axis and the line $x=t$ and denote by $T_n$ the area of the rectagle with four vertices $(1,\ 0),\ (t,\ 0),\ (t,\ f_n(t))$ and $(1,\ f_n(t))$.
(1) Find the local maximum $f_n(x)$.
(2) When $t$ moves in the range of $t>1$, find the value of $t$ for which $T_n(t)-S_n(t)$ is maximized.
(3) Find $S_1(t)$ and $S_n(t)\ (n\geq 2)$.
(4) For each $n\geq 2$, prove that there exists the only $t>1$ such that $T_n(t)=S_n(t)$.
Note that you may use $\lim_{x\to\infty} \frac{\ln x}{x}=0.$
2010 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 562
(1) Show the following inequality for every natural number $ k$.
\[ \frac {1}{2(k \plus{} 1)} < \int_0^1 \frac {1 \minus{} x}{k \plus{} x}dx < \frac {1}{2k}\]
(2) Show the following inequality for every natural number $ m,\ n$ such that $ m > n$.
\[ \frac {m \minus{} n}{2(m \plus{} 1)(n \plus{} 1)} < \log \frac {m}{n} \minus{} \sum_{k \equal{} n \plus{} 1}^{m} \frac {1}{k} < \frac {m \minus{} n}{2mn}\]
PEN O Problems, 40
Let $X$ be a non-empty set of positive integers which satisfies the following: [list] [*] if $x \in X$, then $4x \in X$, [*] if $x \in X$, then $\lfloor \sqrt{x}\rfloor \in X$. [/list] Prove that $X=\mathbb{N}$.
2010 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 661
Consider a sequence $1^{0.01},\ 2^{0.02},\ 2^{0.02},\ 3^{0.03},\ 3^{0.03},\ 3^{0.03},\ 4^{0.04},\ 4^{0.04},\ 4^{0.04},\ 4^{0.04},\ \cdots$.
(1) Find the 36th term.
(2) Find $\int x^2\ln x\ dx$.
(3) Let $A$ be the product of from the first term to the 36th term. How many digits does $A$ have integer part?
If necessary, you may use the fact $2.0<\ln 8<2.1,\ 2.1<\ln 9<2.2,\ 2.30<\ln 10<2.31$.
[i]2010 National Defense Medical College Entrance Exam, Problem 4[/i]
2016 Nigerian Senior MO Round 2, Problem 10
Positive numbers $x$ and $y$ satisfy $xy=2^{15}$ and $\log_2{x} \cdot \log_2{y} = 60$. Find $\sqrt[3]{(\log_2{x})^3+(\log_2{y})^3}$
2018 Moscow Mathematical Olympiad, 7
$x^3+(\log_2{5}+\log_3{2}+\log_5{3})x=(\log_2{3}+\log_3{5}+\log_5{2})x^2+1$
2012 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 830
Find $\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{1}{(\ln n)^2}\sum_{k=3}^n \frac{\ln k}{k}.$
2011 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 691
Let $a$ be a constant. In the $xy$ palne, the curve $C_1:y=\frac{\ln x}{x}$ touches $C_2:y=ax^2$.
Find the volume of the solid generated by a rotation of the part enclosed by $C_1,\ C_2$ and the $x$ axis about the $x$ axis.
[i]2011 Yokohama National Universty entrance exam/Engineering[/i]
PEN E Problems, 25
Prove that $\ln n \geq k\ln 2$, where $n$ is a natural number and $k$ is the number of distinct primes that divide $n$.
2005 AMC 12/AHSME, 13
Suppose that $ 4^{x_1} \equal{} 5, 5^{x_2} \equal{} 6, 6^{x_3} \equal{} 7,...,127^{x_{124}} \equal{} 128$. What is $ x_1x_2 \cdots x_{124}$?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ 2\qquad
\textbf{(B)}\ \frac {5}{2}\qquad
\textbf{(C)}\ 3\qquad
\textbf{(D)}\ \frac {7}{2}\qquad
\textbf{(E)}\ 4$
2011 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 694
Prove the following inequality:
\[\int_1^e \frac{(\ln x)^{2009}}{x^2}dx>\frac{1}{2010\cdot 2011\cdot2012}\]
created by kunny
2002 AMC 12/AHSME, 14
For all positive integers $ n$, let $ f(n) \equal{} \log_{2002} n^2$. Let
\[ N \equal{} f(11) \plus{} f(13) \plus{} f(14)
\]
Which of the following relations is true?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ N < 1 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ N \equal{} 1 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 1 < N < 2 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ N \equal{} 2 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ N > 2$
2003 National High School Mathematics League, 10
$a,b,c,d$ are positive integers, and $\log_{a}b=\frac{3}{2},\log_{c}d=\frac{5}{4}$. If $a-c=9$, then $b-d=$________.
1991 Arnold's Trivium, 65
Find the mean value of the function $\ln r$ on the circle $(x - a)^2 + (y-b)^2 = R^2$ (of the function $1/r$ on the sphere).