How many subsets $A$ of $ \{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 \} $ have the property that no two elements of $A$ sum to $11$?

Triangle $ABC$ is inscribed in circle $\gamma_1$ with radius $r_1$. Let $\gamma_2$ (with radius $r_2$) be the circle internally tangent to $\gamma_1$ at $A$ and tangent to $BC$ at $D$. Let $I$ be the incenter of $ABC$, and $P$ and $Q$ be the intersection of $\gamma_2$ with $AB$ and $AC$ respectively. Given that $P$, $I$, and $Q$ are collinear, $AI=25$, and the circumradius of triangle $BIC$ is $24$, compute the ratio of the radii $\tfrac{r_2}{r_1}$.

Form the infinite graph $A$ by taking the set of primes $p$ congruent to $1\pmod{4}$, and connecting $p$ and $q$ if they are quadratic residues modulo each other. Do the same for a graph $B$ with the primes $1\pmod{8}$. Show $A$ and $B$ are isomorphic to each other. [i]Linus Hamilton.[/i]

Let $ a,b,c$ be positive reals; show that $ \displaystyle a \plus{} b \plus{} c \leq \frac {bc}{b \plus{} c} \plus{} \frac {ca}{c \plus{} a} \plus{} \frac {ab}{a \plus{} b} \plus{} \frac {1}{2}\left(\frac {bc}{a} \plus{} \frac {ca}{b} \plus{} \frac {ab}{c}\right)$ [i](Darij Grinberg)[/i]

Let $n \geqslant 3$ be a positive integer and let $\left(a_{1}, a_{2}, \ldots, a_{n}\right)$ be a strictly increasing sequence of $n$ positive real numbers with sum equal to 2. Let $X$ be a subset of $\{1,2, \ldots, n\}$ such that the value of \[ \left|1-\sum_{i \in X} a_{i}\right| \] is minimised. Prove that there exists a strictly increasing sequence of $n$ positive real numbers $\left(b_{1}, b_{2}, \ldots, b_{n}\right)$ with sum equal to 2 such that \[ \sum_{i \in X} b_{i}=1. \]

Determine all integers $ n > 3$ for which there exist $ n$ points $ A_{1},\cdots ,A_{n}$ in the plane, no three collinear, and real numbers $ r_{1},\cdots ,r_{n}$ such that for $ 1\leq i < j < k\leq n$, the area of $ \triangle A_{i}A_{j}A_{k}$ is $ r_{i} \plus{} r_{j} \plus{} r_{k}$.

There are $999$ black points marked on a circle, dividing it into $999$ arcs of length $1$. We need to place $d$ arcs of lengths $1, 2, \dots, d$ such that each arc starts and ends at two black points, and none of the $d$ arcs is contained within another. Find the maximum value of $d$ for which this construction is possible. [b]Note:[/b] Two arcs can have one or more black points in common.

In a school there are $n$ classes and $n$ students. The students are enrolled in classes, such that no two of them have exactly the same classes. Prove that we can close a class in a such way that there still are no two of them which have exactly the same classes.

Determine whether exists positive integer $n$ such that the number $A=8^n+47$ is prime.

How many ways can the vertices of a cube be colored red or blue so that the color of each vertex is the color of the majority of the three vertices adjacent to it? [i]Proposed by Milan Haiman.[/i]

Given positive reals $x,y,z$ satisfying $x+y+z=3$, prove that \[\sum_{cyc}\left( x^2+y^2+x^2y^2+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\right)\geq 4\sum_{cyc}\frac{y}{x}.\] [i]Proposed by chengbilly.[/i]

Compute the product of all positive integers $n$ for which $3(n!+1)$ is divisible by $2n - 5$.

An equilateral triangle $ABE$ is built inside the square $ABCD$ on the side $AB$, and an equilateral triangle $AFC$ is built on the diagonal $AC$ ($D$ is inside this triangle). The segment $EF$ intersects $CD$ at point $P$. Prove that the lines $AP$, $BE$ and $CF$ intersect at the same point.

A finite list of rational numbers is written on a blackboard. In an [i]operation[/i], we choose any two numbers $a$, $b$, erase them, and write down one of the numbers \[ a + b, \; a - b, \; b - a, \; a \times b, \; a/b \text{ (if $b \neq 0$)}, \; b/a \text{ (if $a \neq 0$)}. \] Prove that, for every integer $n > 100$, there are only finitely many integers $k \ge 0$, such that, starting from the list \[ k + 1, \; k + 2, \; \dots, \; k + n, \] it is possible to obtain, after $n - 1$ operations, the value $n!$.

Let $ABCD$ be a square with side length $43$ and points $X$ and $Y$ lies on sides $AD$ and $BC$ respectively such that the ratio of the area of $ABYX$ to the area of $CDXY$ is $20 : 23$ . Find the maximum possible length of $XY$.

The equation $\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x - \frac38} - \frac38} = x^3+ \frac38$ has exactly two real positive solutions $r$ and $s$. Compute $r + s$.

Given a real sequence $\left \{ x_n \right \}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ with $x_1^2 = 1$. Prove that for each integer $n \ge 2$, $$\sum_{i|n}\sum_{j|n}\frac{x_ix_j}{\textup{lcm} \left ( i,j \right )} \ge \prod_{\mbox{\tiny$\begin{array}{c} p \: \textup{is prime} \\ p|n \end{array}$} }\left ( 1-\frac{1}{p} \right ). $$

Of the students attending a school athletic event, $80\%$ of the boys were dressed in the school colors, $60\%$ of the girls were dressed in the school colors, and $45\% $ of the students were girls. Find the percentage of students attending the event who were wearing the school colors.

On some planet, there are $2^N$ countries $(N \geq 4).$ Each country has a flag $N$ units wide and one unit high composed of $N$ fields of size $1 \times 1,$ each field being either yellow or blue. No two countries have the same flag. We say that a set of $N$ flags is diverse if these flags can be arranged into an $N \times N$ square so that all $N$ fields on its main diagonal will have the same color. Determine the smallest positive integer $M$ such that among any $M$ distinct flags, there exist $N$ flags forming a diverse set. [i]Proposed by Tonći Kokan, Croatia[/i]

The circles $\mathcal C_1$ and $\mathcal C_2$ touch each other externally at $D$, and touch a circle $\omega$ internally at $B$ and $C$, respectively. Let $A$ be an intersection point of $\omega$ and the common tangent to $\mathcal C_1$ and $\mathcal C_2$ at $D$. Lines $AB$ and $AC$ meet $\mathcal C_1$ and $\mathcal C_2$ again at $K$ and $L$, respectively, and the line $BC$ meets $\mathcal C_1$ again at $M$ and $\mathcal C_2$ again at $N$. Prove that the lines $AD$, $KM$, $LN$ are concurrent. [i]Greece[/i]

In convex quadrilateral $ABCD$, the diagonals $AC$ and $BD$ meet at the point $P$. We know that $\angle DAC = 90^o$ and $2 \angle ADB = \angle ACB$. If we have $ \angle DBC + 2 \angle ADC = 180^o$ prove that $2AP = BP$. Proposed by Iman Maghsoudi

The figure below is constructed from $11$ line segments, each of which has length $2$. The area of pentagon $ABCDE$ can be written as $\sqrt{m}+\sqrt{n},$ where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers. What is $m+n?$ [asy] /* Made by samrocksnature */ pair A=(-2.4638,4.10658); pair B=(-4,2.6567453480756127); pair C=(-3.47132,0.6335248637894945); pair D=(-1.464483379039766,0.6335248637894945); pair E=(-0.956630463955801,2.6567453480756127); pair F=(-2,2); pair G=(-3,2); draw(A--B--C--D--E--A); draw(A--F--A--G); draw(B--F--C); draw(E--G--D); label("A",A,N); label("B",B,W); label("C",C,S); label("D",D,S); label("E",E,dir(0)); dot(A^^B^^C^^D^^E^^F^^G); [/asy] $\textbf{(A) }20 \qquad \textbf{(B) }21 \qquad \textbf{(C) }22\qquad \textbf{(D) }23 \qquad \textbf{(E) }24$ Proposed by [b]djmathman[/b]

Find all positive integers $ n$ such $ 20n\plus{}2$ can divide $ 2003n \plus{} 2002.$

Let $ a$ be a positive real number and $ n$ a non-negative integer. Determine $ S\minus{}T$, where $ S\equal{} \sum_{k\equal{}\minus{}2n}^{2n\plus{}1} \frac{(k\minus{}1)^2}{a^{| \lfloor \frac{k}{2} \rfloor |}}$ and $ T\equal{} \sum_{k\equal{}\minus{}2n}^{2n\plus{}1} \frac{k^2}{a^{| \lfloor \frac{k}{2} \rfloor |}}$

Find unequal integers $m, n$ such that $mn + n$ and $mn + m$ are both squares. Can you find such integers between $988$ and $1991$?