Found problems: 85335
Let $x_1 , \dots , x_{2024}$ be non negative real numbers with $\displaystyle{\sum_{i=1}^{2024}}x_i = 1$. Find, with proof, the minimum and maximum possible values of the following expression \[\sum_{i=1}^{1012} x_i + \sum_{i=1013}^{2024} x_i^2 .\]
Given is an acute angled triangle $ \triangle ABC$ with side lengths $ a$, $ b$ and $ c$ (in an usual way) and circumcenter $ O$. Angle bisector of angle $ \angle BAC$ intersects circumcircle at points $ A$ and $ A_{1}$. Let $ D$ be projection of point $ A_{1}$ onto line $ AB$, $ L$ and $ M$ be midpoints of $ AC$ and $ AB$ , respectively.
(i) Prove that $ AD\equal{}\frac{1}{2}(b\plus{}c)$
(ii) If triangle $ \triangle ABC$ is an acute angled prove that $ A_{1}D\equal{}OM\plus{}OL$
Let $D_n$ be the determinant of order $n$ of which the element in the $i$-th row and the $j$-th
column is $|i-j|.$ Show that $D_n$ is equal to
$$(-1)^{n-1}(n-1)2^{n-2}.$$
Acute triangle $ABP$, where $AB > BP$, has altitudes $BH$, $PQ$, and $AS$. Let $C$ denote the intersection of lines $QS$ and $AP$, and let $L$ denote the intersection of lines $HS$ and $BC$. If $HS = SL$ and $HL$ is perpendicular to $BC$, find the value of $\frac{SL}{SC}$.
Let $A$ be a point on the circle $\omega$ centred at $B$ and $\Gamma$ a circle centred at $A$. For $i=1,2,3$, a chord $P_iQ_i$ of $\omega$ is tangent to $\Gamma$ at $S_i$ and another chord $P_iR_i$ of $\omega$ is perpendicular to $AB$ at $M_i$. Let $Q_iT_i$ be the other tangent from $Q_i$ to $\Gamma$ at $T_i$ and $N_i$ be the intersection of $AQ_i$ with $M_iT_i$. Prove that $N_1,N_2,N_3$ are collinear.
Let $n\geq 2$ be an integer. Find the smallest real value $\rho (n)$ such that for any $x_i>0$, $i=1,2,\ldots,n$ with $x_1 x_2 \cdots x_n = 1$, the inequality
\[ \sum_{i=1}^n \frac 1{x_i} \leq \sum_{i=1}^n x_i^r \] is true for all $r\geq \rho (n)$.
The vertices of a quadrilateral lie on the graph of $y = \ln x$, and the $x$-coordinates of these vertices are consecutive positive integers. The area of the quadrilateral is $\ln \frac{91}{90}$. What is the $x$-coordinate of the leftmost vertex?
$\textbf{(A)}\ 6\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 7\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 10\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 12\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 13$
Let $a, b, c, d, e$ and $f$ be some numbers, and $ a \cdot c \cdot e \ne 0$.It is known that the values of the expressions $|ax+b|+|cx+d| $and $|ex+f|$ equal at all values of $x$. Prove that $ad = bc$.
There are $ n$ points ($ n \geq 4$) on a sphere with radius $ R$, and not all of them lie on the same semi-sphere. Prove that among all the angles formed by any two of the $ n$ points and the sphere centre $ O$ ($ O$ is the vertex of the angle), there is at least one that is not less than $ \displaystyle 2 \arcsin{\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}}$.
Graph $G$ is defined in 3d space. It has $e$ edges and every vertex are connected if the distance between them is $1.$ Given that there exists the Hamilton cycle, prove that for $e>1,$ we have $$\min d(v)\le 1+2\left(\frac{e}{2}\right)^{0.4}.$$
Let the angles of a triangle be $\alpha, \beta$, and $\gamma$, the perimeter $2p$ and the radius of the circumcircle $R$. Prove the inequality $\cot^2 \alpha + \cot^2 \beta + \cot^2 \gamma \ge 3 \left(\frac{9R^2}{p^2}-1\right)$. When is the equality achieved?
Let triangle $ ABC$ acutangle, with $ m \angle ACB\leq\ m \angle ABC$. $ M$ the midpoint of side $ BC$ and $ P$ a point over the side $ MC$. Let $ C_{1}$ the circunference with center $ C$. Let $ C_{2}$ the circunference with center $ B$. $ P$ is a point of $ C_{1}$ and $ C_{2}$. Let $ X$ a point on the opposite semiplane than $ B$ respecting with the straight line $ AP$; Let $ Y$ the intersection of side $ XB$ with $ C_{2}$ and $ Z$ the intersection of side $ XC$ with $ C_{1}$. Let $ m\angle PAX \equal{} \alpha$ and $ m\angle ABC \equal{} \beta$. Find the geometric place of $ X$ if it satisfies the following conditions:
$ (a) \frac {XY}{XZ} \equal{} \frac {XC \plus{} CP}{XB \plus{} BP}$
$ (b) \cos(\alpha) \equal{} AB\cdot \frac {\sin(\beta )}{AP}$
A sequence $\{a_n\}_{n\geq 0}$ of real numbers satisfies the recursion $a_{n+1}=a_n^3-3a_n^2+3$ for all positive integers $n$. For how many values of $a_0$ does $a_{2007}=a_0$?
Let $ABCD$ be a parallelogram. Let $E$ and $F$ be the midpoints of sides $AB$ and $BC$ respectively. The lines $EC$ and $FD$ intersect at $P$ and form four triangles $APB, BPC, CPD, DPA$. If the area of the parallelogram is $100$, what is the maximum area of a triangles among these four triangles?
How many of the first 1000 positive integers can be expressed in the form
\[ \lfloor 2x \rfloor + \lfloor 4x \rfloor + \lfloor 6x \rfloor + \lfloor 8x \rfloor, \]
where $x$ is a real number, and $\lfloor z \rfloor$ denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to $z$?
Certain tickets are numbered as follows: $1, 2, 3, \dots, N $. Exactly half of the tickets have the digit $ 1$ on them. If $N$ is a three-digit number, determine all possible values of $N $.
Let \( M \) be the midpoint of side \( BC \) of a scalene triangle \( ABC \). The circle passing through \( A \), \( B \) and \( M \) intersects side \( AC \) again at \( D \). The circle passing through \( A \), \( C \) and \( M \) cuts side \( AB \) again at \( E \). Let \( O \) be the circumcenter of triangle \( ADE \). Prove that \( OB=OC \).
The projections of the point $X$ onto the sides of the $ABCD$ quadrangle lie on the same circle. $Y$ is a point symmetric to $X$ with respect to the center of this circle. Prove that the projections of the point $B$ onto the lines $AX,XC, CY, YA$ also lie on the same circle.
Let a sequence $\{a_n\}$, $n \in \mathbb{N}^{*}$ given, satisfying the condition
\[0 < a_{n+1} - a_n \leq 2001\]
for all $n \in \mathbb{N}^{*}$
Show that there are infinitely many pairs of positive integers $(p, q)$ such that $p < q$ and $a_p$ is divisor of $a_q$.
During the car ride home, Michael looks back at his recent math exams. A problem on Michael's calculus mid-term gets him starting thinking about a particular quadratic, \[x^2-sx+p,\] with roots $r_1$ and $r_2$. He notices that \[r_1+r_2=r_1^2+r_2^2=r_1^3+r_2^3=\cdots=r_1^{2007}+r_2^{2007}.\] He wonders how often this is the case, and begins exploring other quantities associated with the roots of such a quadratic. He sets out to compute the greatest possible value of \[\dfrac1{r_1^{2008}}+\dfrac1{r_2^{2008}}.\] Help Michael by computing this maximum.
Find the smallest positive integer $n$ such that if $n$ squares of a $1000 \times 1000$ chessboard are colored, then there will exist three colored squares whose centers form a right triangle with sides parallel to the edges of the board.
Triangle $ ABC$ is a right triangle with $ \angle ACB$ as its right angle, $ m\angle ABC \equal{} 60^\circ$, and $ AB \equal{} 10$. Let $ P$ be randomly chosen inside $ \triangle ABC$, and extend $ \overline{BP}$ to meet $ \overline{AC}$ at $ D$. What is the probability that $ BD > 5\sqrt2$?
[asy]import math;
unitsize(4mm);
defaultpen(fontsize(8pt)+linewidth(0.7));
dotfactor=4;
pair A=(10,0);
pair C=(0,0);
pair B=(0,10.0/sqrt(3));
pair P=(2,2);
pair D=extension(A,C,B,P);
draw(A--C--B--cycle);
draw(B--D);
dot(P);
label("A",A,S);
label("D",D,S);
label("C",C,S);
label("P",P,NE);
label("B",B,N);[/asy]
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \frac {2 \minus{} \sqrt2}{2} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac {1}{3} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac {3 \minus{} \sqrt3}{3} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac {1}{2} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac {5 \minus{} \sqrt5}{5}$
Let $ABC$ be an isosceles triangle with $BC=CA$, and let $D$ be a point inside side $AB$ such that $AD< DB$. Let $P$ and $Q$ be two points inside sides $BC$ and $CA$, respectively, such that $\angle DPB = \angle DQA = 90^{\circ}$. Let the perpendicular bisector of $PQ$ meet line segment $CQ$ at $E$, and let the circumcircles of triangles $ABC$ and $CPQ$ meet again at point $F$, different from $C$.
Suppose that $P$, $E$, $F$ are collinear. Prove that $\angle ACB = 90^{\circ}$.
Compute the number of positive integers $n$ satisfying the inequalities
\[
2^{n-1} < 5^{n-3} < 3^n.
\][i]Proposed by Isabella Grabski[/i]
Find, with proof, all real-valued functions $y=g(x)$ defined and continuous on $[0,\infty)$, positive on $(0,\infty)$, such that for all $x>0$ the $y$-coordinate of the centroid of the region
$$R_x=\{(s,t)\mid0\le s\le x,\enspace0\le t\le g(s)\}$$is the same as the average value of $g$ on $[0,x]$.