Found problems: 66
2022 JHMT HS, 10
Let $\Lambda$ denote the set of points $(x,y)$ in 2D space with integer coordinates such that $0\leq x\leq 4$ and $0\leq y\leq 2$. That is,
\[ \Lambda=\{ (x,y) \in \mathbb{Z}^2: 0\leq x\leq 4, \ 0\leq y\leq 2 \}. \]
Find the number of ways to connect points of $\Lambda$ with segments of length $\sqrt{2}$ or $\sqrt{5}$ such that the interior of any unit square with vertices in $\Lambda$ contains part of exactly one segment; an example is shown below (connections that differ by reflections are distinct).
[asy]
unitsize(1cm);
dot((0,0));
dot((1,0));
dot((2,0));
dot((3,0));
dot((4,0));
dot((0,1));
dot((1,1));
dot((2,1));
dot((3,1));
dot((4,1));
dot((0,2));
dot((1,2));
dot((2,2));
dot((3,2));
dot((4,2));
draw((0,0)--(1,1));
draw((0,2)--(2,1));
draw((1,1)--(2,0));
draw((2,0)--(3,2));
draw((3,1)--(4,2));
draw((3,0)--(4,1));
[/asy]
2022 JHMT HS, 4
For a positive integer $n$, let $p(n)$ denote the product of the digits of $n$, and let $s(n)$ denote the sum of the digits of $n$. Find the sum of all positive integers $n$ satisfying $p(n)s(n)=8$.
2022 JHMT HS, 10
The maximum value of
\[ 2\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{\sin(n\theta)}{44^n} \]
over all real numbers $\theta$ can be expressed as a common fraction $\tfrac{p}{q}$. Compute $p + q$.
2022 JHMT HS, 5
Let $P(x)$ be a quadratic polynomial satisfying the following conditions:
[list]
[*] $P(x)$ has leading coefficient $1$.
[*] $P(x)$ has nonnegative integer roots that are at most $2022$.
[*] the set of the roots of $P(x)$ is a subset of the set of the roots of $P(P(x))$.
[/list]
Let $S$ be the set of all such possible $P(x)$, and let $Q(x)$ be the polynomial obtained upon summing all the elements of $S$. Find the sum of the roots of $Q(x)$.
2022 JHMT HS, 7
Let $a$ be the unique real number $x$ satisfying $xe^x = 2$. Find a closed-form expression for
\[ \int_{a}^{\infty} \frac{x + 1}{x\sqrt{(xe^x)^{11} - 1}}\,dx. \]
You may express your answer in terms of elementary operations, functions, and constants.
2022 JHMT HS, 4
For a nonempty set $A$ of integers, let $\mathrm{range} \, A=\max A-\min A$. Find the number of subsets $S$ of
\[ \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10\} \]
such that $\mathrm{range} \, S$ is an element of $S$.
2022 JHMT HS, 9
In $\triangle{PQR}$, $PQ=4$, $PR=5$, and $QR=6$. Assume that an equilateral hexagon $ABCDEF$ is able to be drawn inside $\triangle{PQR}$ so that $\overline{AB}$ is parallel to $\overline{QR}$, $\overline{CD}$ is parallel to $\overline{PQ}$, $\overline{EF}$ is parallel to $\overline{RP}$, $\overline{BC}$ lies on $\overline{RP}$, $\overline{DE}$ lies on $\overline{QR}$, and $\overline{AF}$ lies on $\overline{PQ}$. Find the area of hexagon $ABCDEF$.
2022 JHMT HS, 2
The polynomial $P(x)=3x^3-2x^2+ax-b$ has roots $\sin^2\theta$, $\cos^2\theta$, and $\sin\theta\cos\theta$ for some angle $\theta$. Find $P(1)$.
2022 JHMT HS, 10
Let $R$ be the rectangle in the coordinate plane with corners $(0, 0)$, $(20, 0)$, $(20, 22)$, and $(0, 22)$, and partition $R$ into a $20\times 22$ grid of unit squares. For a given line in the coordinate plane, let its [i]pixelation[/i] be the set of grid squares in $R$ that contain part of the line in their interior. If $P$ is a point chosen uniformly at random in $R$, then compute the expected number of sets of grid squares that are pixelations of some line through $P$.
2022 JHMT HS, 1
The side lengths of an equiangular octagon alternate between $20$ and $22$. Find its area.
2022 ISI Entrance Examination, 9
Find the smallest positive real number $k$ such that the following inequality holds $$\left|z_{1}+\ldots+z_{n}\right| \geqslant \frac{1}{k}\big(\left|z_{1}\right|+\ldots+\left|z_{n}\right|\big) .$$ for every positive integer $n \geqslant 2$ and every choice $z_{1}, \ldots, z_{n}$ of complex numbers with non-negative real and imaginary parts.
[Hint: First find $k$ that works for $n=2$. Then show that the same $k$ works for any $n \geqslant 2$.]
2022 ISI Entrance Examination, 3
Consider the parabola $C: y^{2}=4 x$ and the straight line $L: y=x+2$. Let $P$ be a variable point on $L$. Draw the two tangents from $P$ to $C$ and let $Q_{1}$ and $Q_{2}$ denote the two points of contact on $C$. Let $Q$ be the mid-point of the line segment joining $Q_{1}$ and $Q_{2}$. Find the locus of $Q$ as $P$ moves along $L$.
2022 JHMT HS, 7
Find the least positive integer $N$ such that there exist positive real numbers $a_1,a_2,\dots,a_N$ such that
\[ \sum_{k=1}^{N}ka_k=1 \quad \text{and} \quad \sum_{k=1}^{N}\frac{a_k^2}{k}\leq \frac{1}{2022^2}. \]
2022 JHMT HS, 1
Compute the value of
\[ \frac{d}{dx}\int_{1}^{10} x^3\,dx. \]
2022 JHMT HS, 9
Let $B$ and $D$ be two points chosen independently and uniformly at random from the unit sphere in 3D space centered at a point $A$ (this unit sphere is the set of all points in $\mathbb{R}^3$ a distance of $1$ away from $A$). Compute the expected value of $\sin^2\angle DAB$.
2022 ISI Entrance Examination, 6
Consider a sequence $P_{1}, P_{2}, \ldots$ of points in the plane such that $P_{1}, P_{2}, P_{3}$ are non-collinear and for every $n \geq 4, P_{n}$ is the midpoint of the line segment joining $P_{n-2}$ and $P_{n-3}$. Let $L$ denote the line segment joining $P_{1}$ and $P_{5}$. Prove the following:
[list=a]
[*] The area of the triangle formed by the points $P_{n}, P_{n-1}, P_{n-2}$ converges to zero as $n$ goes to infinity.
[*] The point $P_{9}$ lies on $L$.
[/list]
2022 ISI Entrance Examination, 5
For any positive integer $n$, and $i=1,2$, let $f_{i}(n)$ denote the number of divisors of $n$ of the form $3 k+i$ (including $1$ and $n$ ). Define, for any positive integer $n$, $$f(n)=f_{1}(n)-f_{2}(n)$$ Find the value of $f\left(5^{2022}\right)$ and $f\left(21^{2022}\right)$.
2022 JHMT HS, 3
Let $x$ be a variable that can take any positive real value. For certain positive real constants $s$ and $t$, the value of $x^2 + \frac{s}{x}$ is minimized at $x = t$, and the value of $t^2\ln(2 + tx) + \frac{1}{x^2}$ is minimized at $x = s$. Compute the ordered pair $(s, t)$.
2022 ISI Entrance Examination, 1
Consider a board having 2 rows and $n$ columns. Thus there are $2n$ cells in the board. Each cell is to be filled in by $0$ or $1$ .
[list=a]
[*] In how many ways can this be done such that each row sum and each column sum is even?
[*] In how many ways can this be done such that each row sum and each column sum is odd?
[/list]
2022 CMIMC, 1.8
Daniel has a (mostly) standard deck of 54 cards, consisting of 4 suits each containing the ranks 1 to 13 as well as 2 jokers. Daniel plays the following game: He shuffles the deck uniformly randomly and then takes all of the cards that end up strictly between the two jokers. He then sums up the ranks of all the cards he has taken and calls that his score.
Let $p$ be the probability that his score is a multiple of 13. There exists relatively prime positive integers $a$ and $b,$ with $b$ as small as possible, such that $|p - a/b| < 10^{-10}.$ What is $a/b?$
[i]Proposed by Dilhan Salgado, Daniel Li[/i]
2022 JHMT HS, 10
In $\triangle JMT$, $JM=410$, $JT=49$, and $\angle{MJT}>90^\circ$. Let $I$ and $H$ be the incenter and orthocenter of $\triangle JMT$, respectively. The circumcircle of $\triangle JIH$ intersects $\overleftrightarrow{JT}$ at a point $P\neq J$, and $IH=HP$. Find $MT$.
2022 JHMT HS, 6
Triangle $ABC$ has side lengths $AC = 3$, $BC = 4$, and $AB = 5$. Let $I$ be the incenter of $\triangle{ABC}$, and let $\mathcal{P}$ be the parabola with focus $I$ and directrix $\overleftrightarrow{AC}$. Suppose that $\mathcal{P}$ intersects $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{BC}$ at points $D$ and $E$, respectively. Find $DI+EI$.
2022 Indonesia Regional, 4
Suppose $ABC$ is a triangle with circumcenter $O$. Point $D$ is the reflection of $A$ with respect to $BC$. Suppose $\ell$ is the line which is parallel to $BC$ and passes through $O$. The line through $B$ and parallel to $CD$ meets $\ell$ at $B_1$. Lines $CB_1$ and $BD$ intersect at point $B_2$. The line through $C$ parallel to $BD$ and $\ell$ meet at $C_1$. Finally, $BC_1$ and $CD$ intersects at point $C_2$. Prove that points $A, B_2, C_2, D$ lie on a circle.
2022 JHMT HS, 9
There is a unique continuous function $f$ over the positive real numbers satisfying $f(4) = 1$ and
\[ 9 - (f(x))^4 = \frac{x^2}{(f(x))^2} - 2xf(x) \]
for all positive $x$. Compute the value of $\int_{0}^{140} (f(x))^3\,dx$.
2022 JHMT HS, 3
Let $2\leq N\leq 2022$ be a positive integer. Find the sum of all possible values of $N$ such that the product of the distinct divisors of $N$ is $N^{\frac{21}{2}}$.