The figure on the right shows the map of Squareville, where each city block is of the same length. Two friends, Alexandra and Brianna, live at the corners marked by $A$ and $B$, respectively. They start walking toward each other's house, leaving at the same time, walking with the same speed, and independently choosing a path to the other's house with uniform distribution out of all possible minimum-distance paths [that is, all minimum-distance paths are equally likely]. What is the probability they will meet? [asy] size(200); defaultpen(linewidth(0.8)); for(int i=0;i<=2;++i) { for(int j=0;j<=4;++j) { draw((i,j)--(i+1,j)--(i+1,j+1)--(i,j+1)--cycle); } } for(int i=3;i<=4;++i) { for(int j=3;j<=6;++j) { draw((i,j)--(i+1,j)--(i+1,j+1)--(i,j+1)--cycle); } } label("$A$",origin,SW); label("$B$",(5,7),SE); [/asy]

Determine all functions $f: \mathbb{Z}\to\mathbb{Z}$ satisfying \[f\big(f(m)+n\big)+f(m)=f(n)+f(3m)+2014\] for all integers $m$ and $n$. [i]Proposed by Netherlands[/i]

Find all pairs of nonnegative integers $(x, p)$, where $p$ is prime, that verify $$x(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)=1679^{p-1}+1680^{p-1}+1681^{p-1}.$$

In the figure below, choose point $D$ on $\overline{BC}$ so that $\triangle ACD$ and $\triangle ABD$ have equal perimeters. What is the area of $\triangle ABD$? [asy]draw((0,0)--(4,0)--(0,3)--(0,0)); label("$A$", (0,0), SW); label("$B$", (4,0), ESE); label("$C$", (0, 3), N); label("$3$", (0, 1.5), W); label("$4$", (2, 0), S); label("$5$", (2, 1.5), NE);[/asy] $\textbf{(A) }\frac{3}{4}\qquad\textbf{(B) }\frac{3}{2}\qquad\textbf{(C) }2\qquad\textbf{(D) }\frac{12}{5}\qquad\textbf{(E) }\frac{5}{2}$

Triangle $\vartriangle ABC$ has $m\angle C = 135^o$, and $D$ is the foot of the altitude from $C$ to $AB$. We are told that $CD = 2$ and that $AD$ and $BD$ are finite positive integers. What is the sum of all distinct possible values of $AB$?

Let $ m,n$ be integers such that $ 0\le m\le 2n$. Then prove that the number $ 2^{2n \plus{} 2} \plus{} 2^{m \plus{} 2} \plus{} 1$ is perfect square iff $ m \equal{} n$.

Solve in nonnegative integers the equation $5^t + 3^x4^y = z^2$.

Each of the subsets $ A_1$, $ A_2$, $ \dots,$ $ A_n$ of a 2009-element set $ X$ contains at least 4 elements. The intersection of every two of these subsets contains at most 2 elements. Prove that in $ X$ there is a 24-element subset $ B$ containing neither of the sets $ A_1$, $ A_2$, $ \dots,$ $ A_n$.

A cube has one of its vertices and all edges connected to that vertex deleted. How many ways can the letters from the word "$AMONGUS$" be placed on the remaining vertices of the cube so that one can walk along the edges to spell out "$AMONGUS$"? Note that each vertex will have at most $1$ letter, and one vertex is deleted and not included in the walk

Given integers $a$ and $b$ such that $a^2+b^2$ is divisible by $11$. Prove that $a$ and $b$ are both divisible by $11$.

Some bishops and knights are placed on an infinite chessboard, where each square has side length $1$ unit. Suppose that the following conditions hold: [list] [*] For each bishop, there exists a knight on the same diagonal as that bishop (there may be another piece between the bishop and the knight). [*] For each knight, there exists a bishop that is exactly $\sqrt{5}$ units away from it. [*] If any piece is removed from the board, then at least one of the above conditions is no longer satisfied. [/list] If $n$ is the total number of pieces on the board, find all possible values of $n$. [i]Sheldon Kieren Tan[/i]

A parallelogram $ABCD$ is split by the diagonal $BD$ into two equal triangles. A regular hexagon is inscribed into the triangle $ABD$ so that two of its consecutive sides lie on $AB$ and $AD$ and one of its vertices lies on $BD$. Another regular hexagon is inscribed into the triangle $CBD{}$ so that two of its consecutive vertices lie on $CB$ and $CD$ and one of its sides lies on $BD$. Which of the hexagons is bigger? [i]Konstantin Knop[/i]

$p,q$ satisfies $px+q\geq \ln x$ at $a\leq x\leq b\ (0<a<b)$. Find the value of $p,q$ for which the following definite integral is minimized and then the minimum value. \[\int_a^b (px+q-\ln x)dx\]

Given $n$ sets $A_i$, with $| A_i | = n$, prove they may be indexed $A_i = \{a_{i,j} \mid j=1,2,\ldots,n \}$, in such way that the sets $B_j = \{a_{i,j} \mid i=1,2,\ldots,n \}$, $1\leq j\leq n$, also have $| B_j | = n$. (Anonymous)

[b]p19.[/b] $A_1A_2...A_{12}$ is a regular dodecagon with side length $1$ and center at point $O$. What is the area of the region covered by circles $(A_1A_2O)$, $(A_3A_4O)$, $(A_5A_6O)$, $(A_7A_8O)$, $(A_9A_{10}O)$, and $(A_{11}A_{12}O)$? $(ABC)$ denotes the circle passing through points $A,B$, and $C$. [b]p20.[/b] Let $N = 2000... 0x0 ... 00023$ be a $2023$-digit number where the $x$ is the $23$rd digit from the right. If$ N$ is divisible by $13$, compute $x$. [b]p21.[/b] Alice and Bob each visit the dining hall to get a grilled cheese at a uniformly random time between $12$ PM and $1$ PM (their arrival times are independent) and, after arrival, will wait there for a uniformly random amount of time between $0$ and $30$ minutes. What is the probability that they will meet? PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].

Suppose we list the decimal representations of the positive even numbers from left to right. Determine the $2015^{th}$ digit in the list.

Two truth tellers and two liars are positioned in a line, where every person is distinguishable. How many ways are there to position these four people such that everyone claims that all people directly adjacent to them are liars? $\textbf{(A) }4\qquad\textbf{(B) }6\qquad\textbf{(C) }8\qquad\textbf{(D) }12\qquad\textbf{(E) }16$

An acute triangle $ABC$ is given. Let $D$ be an arbitrary inner point of the side $AB$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the feet of the perpendiculars from $D$ to $BC$ and $AC$, respectively. Let $H_1$ and $H_2$ be the orthocentres of triangles $MNC$ and $MND$, respectively. Prove that the area of the quadrilateral $AH_1BH_2$ does not depend on the position of $D$ on $AB$.

Let $T(n)$ be the number of dissimilar (non-degenerate) triangles with all side lengths integral and $\leq n$. Find $T(n+1)-T(n)$.

Prove that \[ \frac{a}{b+2c+3d} +\frac{b}{c+2d+3a} +\frac{c}{d+2a+3b}+ \frac{d}{a+2b+3c} \geq \frac{2}{3} \] for all positive real numbers $a,b,c,d$.

What are the last two digits of ${7^{7^{7^7}}}$?

On the sides $BC, AC$ and $AB$ of the equilateral triangle $ABC$ mark the points $D, E$ and $F$ so that $\angle AEF = \angle FDB$ and $\angle AFE = \angle EDC$. Prove that $DA$ is the bisector of the angle $EDF$.

Some of the faces of a convex polyhedron $M$ are painted in blue, others are painted in white and there are no two walls with a common edge. Prove that if the sum of surfaces of the blue walls is bigger than half surface of $M$ then it may be inscribed a sphere in the polyhedron given $(M)$. [i](H. Lesov)[/i]

Suppose $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ is a two times differentiable function satisfying $f(0)=1,f^{\prime}(0)=0$ and for all $x\in [0,\infty)$, it satisfies \[ f^{\prime \prime}(x)-5f^{\prime}(x)+6f(x)\ge 0 \] Prove that, for all $x\in [0,\infty)$, \[ f(x)\ge 3e^{2x}-2e^{3x} \]

Three numbers are selected at random from the interval $[0,1]$. What is the probability that they form the lengths of the sides of a triangle?