Let $ f$ and $ g$ be continuous positive functions defined on the interval $ [0, +\infty)$, and let $ E \subset[0,+\infty)$ be a set of positive measure. Prove that the range of the function defined on $ E \times E$ by the relation \[ F(x,y)= %Error. "dispalymath" is a bad command. \int_0^xf(t)dt+ %Error. "dispalymath" is a bad command. \int_0^y g(t)dt\] has a nonvoid interior. [i]L. Losonczi[/i]

A two digit number $s$ is special if $s$ is the common two leading digits of the decimal expansion of $4^n$ and $5^n$, where $n$ is a certain positive integer. Given that there are two special number, find these two special numbers.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $\angle BCA=90^{\circ}$, and let $D$ be the foot of the altitude from $C$. Let $X$ be a point in the interior of the segment $CD$. Let $K$ be the point on the segment $AX$ such that $BK=BC$. Similarly, let $L$ be the point on the segment $BX$ such that $AL=AC$. Let $M$ be the point of intersection of $AL$ and $BK$. Show that $MK=ML$. [i]Proposed by Josef Tkadlec, Czech Republic[/i]

The terms of the sequence $ (a_i)$ defined by $ a_{n \plus{} 2} \equal{} \frac {a_n \plus{} 2009} {1 \plus{} a_{n \plus{} 1}}$ for $ n \ge 1$ are positive integers. Find the minimum possible value of $ a_1 \plus{} a_2$.

A weighted complete graph with distinct positive wights is given such that in every triangle is [i]degenerate [/i] that is wight of an edge is equal to sum of two other. Prove that one can assign values to the vertexes of this graph such that the wight of each edge is the difference between two assigned values of the endpoints. [i]Proposed by Morteza Saghafian [/i]

$$\left\lfloor\left(1\cdot2+2\cdot2^2+\ldots+100\cdot2^{100}\right)\cdot9^{-901}\right\rfloor=?$$

For some positive integer $n$, there exists $n$ different positive integers $a_1, a_2, ..., a_n$ such that $(1)$ $a_1=1, a_n=2000$ $(2)$ $\forall i\in \mathbb{Z}$ $s.t.$ $2\le i\le n, a_i -a_{i-1}\in \{-3,5\}$ Determine the maximum value of n.

There exists a unique strictly increasing sequence of nonnegative integers $a_1 < a_2 < \dots < a_k$ such that \[\frac{2^{289}+1}{2^{17}+1} = 2^{a_1} + 2^{a_2} + \dots + 2^{a_k}.\] What is $k?$ $\textbf{(A) } 117 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 136 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 137 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 273 \qquad \textbf{(E) } 306$

For a positive integer $n$ let $S(n)$ be the sum of digits in the decimal representation of $n$. Any positive integer obtained by removing several (at least one) digits from the right-hand end of the decimal representation of $n$ is called a [i]stump[/i] of $n$. Let $T(n)$ be the sum of all stumps of $n$. Prove that $n=S(n)+9T(n)$.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB=3$ and $AC=4$. It is given that there does not exist a point $D$, different from $A$ and not lying on line $BC$, such that the Euler line of $ABC$ coincides with the Euler line of $DBC$. The square of the product of all possible lengths of $BC$ can be expressed in the form $m+n\sqrt p$, where $m$, $n$, and $p$ are positive integers and $p$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $100m+10n+p$. Note: For this problem, consider every line passing through the center of an equilateral triangle to be an Euler line of the equilateral triangle. Hence, if $D$ is chosen such that $DBC$ is an equilateral triangle and the Euler line of $ABC$ passes through the center of $DBC$, then consider the Euler line of $ABC$ to coincide with "the" Euler line of $DBC$. [i]Proposed by Michael Ren[/i]

How many positive integers $n$ are there such that there are exactly $20$ positive odd integers that are less than $n$ and relatively prime with $n$? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 5 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 4 \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 3 \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 2 \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \text{None of above} $

Prove that there exist infinitely many positive integers $n$ such that the largest prime divisor of $n^4 + n^2 + 1$ is equal to the largest prime divisor of $(n+1)^4 + (n+1)^2 +1$.

A [i]cuboctahedron[/i], shown below, is a polyhedron with 8 equilateral triangle faces and 6 square faces. Each edge has the same length and each of the 24 vertices borders 2 squares and 2 triangles. An \textit{octahedron} is a regular polyhedron with 6 vertices and 8 equilateral triangle faces. Compute the sum of the volumes of an octahedron with side length 5 and a cuboctahedron with side length 5. [img]http://services.artofproblemsolving.com/download.php?id=YXR0YWNobWVudHMvMi82LzBmNjM1OTM2M2ExYTQzOTFhODEwODkwM2FiYmM1MTljOGQzNmJhLmpwZw==&rn=Q3Vib2N0YWhlZHJvbi5qcGc=[/img] [i]2016 CCA Math Bonanza Team #7[/i]

In a triangle $ ABC$ the points $ A'$, $ B'$ and $ C'$ lie on the sides $ BC$, $ CA$ and $ AB$, respectively. It is known that $ \angle AC'B' \equal{} \angle B'A'C$, $ \angle CB'A' \equal{} \angle A'C'B$ and $ \angle BA'C' \equal{} \angle C'B'A$. Prove that $ A'$, $ B'$ and $ C'$ are the midpoints of the corresponding sides.

Let $ABCD$ be a convex quadrilateral with $AC = BD = AD$; $E$ and $F$ the midpoints of $AB$ and $CD$ respectively; $O$ the common point of the diagonals.Prove that $EF$ passes through the touching points of the incircle of triangle $AOD$ with $AO$ and $OD$ [i]Proposed by N.Moskvitin[/i]

Denote the set of positive rational numbers by $\mathbb{Q}_{+}$. Find all functions $f: \mathbb{Q}_{+}\rightarrow \mathbb{Q}_{+}$ that satisfy $$\underbrace{f(f(f(\dots f(f}_{n}(q))\dots )))=f(nq)$$ for all integers $n\ge 1$ and rational numbers $q>0$.

A regular pentagon $ABCDE$ is given. The point $X$ is on his circumcircle, on the arc $\overarc{AE}$. Prove that $|AX|+|CX|+|EX|=|BX|+|DX|$. [u][b]Remark:[/b][/u] Here's a more general version of the problem: Prove that for any point $X$ in the plane, $|AX|+|CX|+|EX|\ge|BX|+|DX|$, with equality only on the arc $\overarc{AE}$.

A field is made of $2017 \times 2017$ unit squares. Luffy has $k$ gold detectors, which he places on some of the unit squares, then he leaves the area. Sanji then chooses a $1500 \times 1500$ area, then buries a gold coin on each unit square in this area and none other. When Luffy returns, a gold detector beeps if and only if there is a gold coin buried underneath the unit square it's on. It turns out that by an appropriate placement, Luffy will always be able to determine the $1500 \times 1500$ area containing the gold coins by observing the detectors, no matter how Sanji places the gold coins. Determine the minimum value of $k$ in which this is possible.

Given a rectangle, circumscribe a rectangle of maximum area.

Let $0 < a < b$. Prove that $\int_a^b (x^2+1)e^{-x^2} dx \geq e^{-a^2} - e^{-b^2}$.

Find the number of functions $f:\mathbb{Z}\mapsto\mathbb{Z}$ for which $f(h+k)+f(hk)=f(h)f(k)+1$, for all integers $h$ and $k$.

Let $I_B, I_C$ be the $B, C$-excenters of triangle $ABC$, respectively. Let $O$ be the circumcenter of $ABC$. If $BI_B$ is perpendicular to $AO$, $AI_C = 3$ and $AC = 4\sqrt2$, then $AB^2$ can be expressed as $\frac{m}{n}$ where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m + n$. Note: In triangle $\vartriangle ABC$, the $A$-excenter is the intersection of the exterior angle bisectors of $\angle ABC$ and $\angle ACB$. The $B$-excenter and $C$-excenter are defined similarly.

Abolf is on the second step of a stairway to heaven in every step of this stairway except the first one which is the hell there is a devil who is either a human, an elf or a demon and tempts Abolf. The devil in the second step is Satan himself as one of three forms. Whenever an elf or a demon tries to tempt Abolf he resists and walks one step up but when a human tempts Abolf he is deceived and hence he walks one step down. However if Abolf is deceived by Satan for the first time he resists and does not fall down to hell but the second time he falls down to eternal hell. Every time a devil makes a temptation it changes its form from a human, an elf, a demon to an elf, a demon, a human respectively. Prove that Abolf passes each step after some time. [i]Proposed by Yaser Ahmadi Fouladi[/i]

Find the number of nonnegative integers $n < 29$ such that there exists positive integers $x,y$ where $$x^2+5xy-y^2$$ has remainder $n$ when divided by $29$.

Consider a prism with triangular base. The total area of the three faces containing a particular vertex $A$ is $K$. Show that the maximum possible volume of the prism is $\sqrt{\frac{K^3}{54}}$ and find the height of this largest prism.