Aaliyah rolls two standard 6-sided dice. She notices that the product of the two numbers rolled is a multiple of 6. Which of the following integers [i]cannot[/i] be the sum of the two numbers? $\textbf{(A) } 5\qquad\textbf{(B) } 6\qquad\textbf{(C) } 7\qquad\textbf{(D) } 8\qquad\textbf{(E) } 9$

Let be three nonnegative integers $ m,n,p $ and three real numbers $ x,y,z $ such that $ 2^mx+2^ny+2^pz\ge 0. $ Prove: $$ 2^m\left( 2^x-1 \right)+2^n\left( 2^y-1 \right)+2^p\left( 2^z-1 \right)\ge 0 $$ [i]Cristinel Mortici[/i]

Positive real numbers $x,y,z$ have the sum $1$. Prove that $\sqrt{7x+3}+ \sqrt{7y+3}+\sqrt{7z+3} \le 7$. Can number $7$ on the right hand side be replaced with a smaller constant?

Three lines $k, l, m$ are drawn through a point $P$ inside a triangle $ABC$ such that $k$ meets $AB$ at $A_1$ and $AC$ at $A_2 \ne A_1$ and $PA_1 = PA_2$, $l $ meets $BC$ at $B_1$ and $BA$ at $B_2 \ne B_1$ and $PB_1 = PB_2$, $m$ meets $CA$ at $C_1$ and $CB$ at $C_2\ne C_1$ and $PC_1=PC_2$. Prove that the lines $k,l,m$ are uniquely determined by these conditions. Find point $P$ for which the triangles $AA_1A_2, BB_1B_2, CC_1C_2$ have the same area and show that this point is unique.

The product $N$ of three positive integers is $6$ times their sum, and one of the integers is the sum of the other two. Find the sum of all possible values of $N.$

Let $a,b$, and $x$ be positive integers such that $x^{a+b}=a^b{b}$. Prove that $a=x$ and $b=x^{x}$.

For which $m > 1$ is $(m -1)!$ divisible by $m$?

A circle with a circumscribed and an inscribed square centered at the origin $ O$ of a rectangular coordinate system with positive $ x$ and $ y$ axes $ OX$ and $ OY$ is shown in each figure $ I$ to $ IV$ below. [asy] size((400)); draw((0,0)--(22,0), EndArrow); draw((10,-10)--(10,12), EndArrow); draw((25,0)--(47,0), EndArrow); draw((35,-10)--(35,12), EndArrow); draw((-25,0)--(-3,0), EndArrow); draw((-15,-10)--(-15,12), EndArrow); draw((-50,0)--(-28,0), EndArrow); draw((-40,-10)--(-40,12), EndArrow); draw(Circle((-40,0),6)); draw(Circle((-15,0),6)); draw(Circle((10,0),6)); draw(Circle((35,0),6)); draw((-34,0)--(-40,6)--(-46,0)--(-40,-6)--(-34,0)--(-34,6)--(-46,6)--(-46,-6)--(-34,-6)--cycle); draw((-6.5,0)--(-15,8.5)--(-23.5,0)--(-15,-8.5)--cycle); draw((-10.8,4.2)--(-19.2,4.2)--(-19.2,-4.2)--(-10.8,-4.2)--cycle); draw((14.2,4.2)--(5.8,4.2)--(5.8,-4.2)--(14.2,-4.2)--cycle); draw((16,6)--(4,6)--(4,-6)--(16,-6)--cycle); draw((41,0)--(35,6)--(29,0)--(35,-6)--cycle); draw((43.5,0)--(35,8.5)--(26.5,0)--(35,-8.5)--cycle); label("I", (-49,9)); label("II", (-24,9)); label("III", (1,9)); label("IV", (26,9)); label("X", (-28,0), S); label("X", (-3,0), S); label("X", (22,0), S); label("X", (47,0), S); label("Y", (-40,12), E); label("Y", (-15,12), E); label("Y", (10,12), E); label("Y", (35,12), E);[/asy] The inequalities \[ |x| \plus{} |y| \leq \sqrt {2(x^2 \plus{} y^2)} \leq 2\mbox{Max}(|x|, |y|)\] are represented geometrically* by the figure numbered $ \textbf{(A)}\ I \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ II \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ III \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ IV \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \mbox{none of these}$ *An inequality of the form $ f(x, y) \leq g(x, y)$, for all $ x$ and $ y$ is represented geometrically by a figure showing the containment \[ \{\mbox{The set of points }(x, y)\mbox{ such that }g(x, y) \leq a\} \subset\\ \{\mbox{The set of points }(x, y)\mbox{ such that }f(x, y) \leq a\}\] for a typical real number $ a$.

The points $A, B, C, D, P$ lie on an circle as shown in the figure such that $\angle AP B = \angle BPC = \angle CPD$. Prove that the lengths of the segments are denoted by $a, b, c, d$ by $\frac{a + c}{b + d} =\frac{b}{c}$. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/a/2/ba8965f5d7d180426db26e8f7dd5c7ad02c440.png[/img]

Find all pairs $(x,y)$ of positive integers that satisfy the equation \[y^{2}=x^{3}+16.\]

Find all functions $f : R \to R$ such that $x[f(x + y) - f (x - y)] = 4y f (x)$ for any real numbers $x, y$.

Find all triplets $(x,y,p)$ of positive integers such that $p$ be a prime number and $\frac{xy^3}{x+y}=p$

Consider two quadratic equations \begin{align*}x^2+ax+b&=0, \\ x^2+cx+d&=0,\end{align*} with real coefficients. Find necessary and sufficient conditions such that the first equation has (real) roots $x,x_1,$ the second $x,x_2$ and $x>0,x_1>x_2$.

Let $S$ be the set of all the odd positive integers that are not multiples of $5$ and that are less than $30m$, $m$ being an arbitrary positive integer. What is the smallest integer $k$ such that in any subset of $k$ integers from $S$ there must be two different integers, one of which divides the other?

Given a triangle $ ABC $ and a point $ M $ inside it. Prove that $$ \min \{MA, MB, MC\} + MA + MB + MC <AB + BC + AC. $$

Segment $\overline{PQ}$ is drawn and squares $ABPQ$ and $CDQP$ are constructed in the plane such that they lie on opposite sides of segment $\overline{PQ}.$ If $PQ=1,$ find $BD.$

A finite collection of positive real numbers (not necessarily distinct) is [i]balanced [/i]if each number is less than the sum of the others. Find all $m \ge 3$ such that every balanced finite collection of $m$ numbers can be split into three parts with the property that the sum of the numbers in each part is less than the sum of the numbers in the two other parts.

Let $n \ge 3$ be a fixed integer. A game is played by $n$ players sitting in a circle. Initially, each player draws three cards from a shuffled deck of $3n$ cards numbered $1, 2, \dots, 3n$. Then, on each turn, every player simultaneously passes the smallest-numbered card in their hand one place clockwise and the largest-numbered card in their hand one place counterclockwise, while keeping the middle card. Let $T_r$ denote the configuration after $r$ turns (so $T_0$ is the initial configuration). Show that $T_r$ is eventually periodic with period $n$, and find the smallest integer $m$ for which, regardless of the initial configuration, $T_m=T_{m+n}$. [i]Proposed by Carl Schildkraut and Colin Tang[/i]

Define $a_n$: the last digit of $1^2+2^2+3^2+\cdots+n^2$. Prove that $\overline{0.a_1 a_2 a_3 \cdots}$ is a rational number.

Prove that $9$ divides $A_n=16^n+4^n-2$ for every nonnegative integer $n$.

Al wishes to label the faces of his cube with the integers $2009,2010,$ and $2011,$ with one integer per face, such that adjacent faces (faces that share an edge) have integers that differ by at most $1.$ Determine the number of distinct ways in which he can label the cube, given that two configurations that can be rotated on to each other are considered the same, and that we disregard the orientation in which each number is written on to the cube.

Erica intends to construct a subset $T$ of $S=\{ I,J,K,L,M,N \}$, but if she is unsure about including an element $x$ of $S$ in $T$, she will write $x$ in bold and include it in $T$. For example, $\{ I,J \},$ $\{ J,\mathbf{K},L \},$ and $\{ \mathbf{I},\mathbf{J},\mathbf{M},\mathbf{N} \}$ are valid examples of $T$, while $\{ I,J,\mathbf{J},K \}$ is not. Find the total number of such subsets $T$ that Erica can construct.

There are $n\geq 3$ pupils standing in a circle, and always facing the teacher that stands at the centre of the circle. Each time the teacher whistles, two arbitrary pupils that stand next to each other switch their seats, while the others stands still. Find the least number $M$ such that after $M$ times of whistling, by appropriate switchings, the pupils stand in such a way that any two pupils, initially standing beside each other, will finally also stand beside each other; call these two pupils $ A$ and $ B$, and if $ A$ initially stands on the left side of $ B$ then $ A$ will finally stand on the right side of $ B$.

There are $10$ cities in each of the three countries. Each road connects two cities from two different countries (there is at most one road between any two cities.) There are more than $200$ roads between these three countries. Prove that three cities, one city from each country, can be chosen such that there is a road between any two of these cities.

Eight friends ate at a restaurant and agreed to share the bill equally. Because Judi forgot her money, each of her seven friends paid an extra \$2.50 to cover her portion of the total bill. What was the total bill? $\textbf{(A)}\ \$120 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \$128 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \$140 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \$144 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \$160$