How many real roots do $x^5 +3x^4 -4x^3 -8x^2 +6x-1$ and $x^5-3x^4 -2x^3 -3x^2 -6x+1$ share?

A triangle of sides $\frac{3}{2}, \frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}, \sqrt{2}$ is folded along a variable line perpendicular to the side of $\frac{3}{2}.$ Find the maximum value of the coincident area.

In a village, there are $n$ houses with $n>2$ and all of them are not collinear. We want to generate a water resource in the village. For doing this, point $A$ is [i]better[/i] than point $B$ if the sum of the distances from point $A$ to the houses is less than the sum of the distances from point $B$ to the houses. We call a point [i]ideal[/i] if there doesn’t exist any [i]better[/i] point than it. Prove that there exist at most $1$ [i]ideal[/i] point to generate the resource.

Prove that if the natural numbers $ a $ and $ b $ satisfy the equation $ a^2+a = 3b^2 $, then the number $ a+1 $ is the square of an integer.

Find a sequence of maximal length consisting of non-zero integers in which the sum of any seven consecutive terms is positive and that of any eleven consecutive terms is negative.

Given right triangle $ABC$ with right angle at $C$, construct three external squares $ABDE$, $BCFG$, and $ACHI$. If $DG = 19$ and $EI = 22$, compute the length of $FH$.

Quadrilateral $APBQ$ is inscribed in circle $\omega$ with $\angle P = \angle Q = 90^{\circ}$ and $AP = AQ < BP$. Let $X$ be a variable point on segment $\overline{PQ}$. Line $AX$ meets $\omega$ again at $S$ (other than $A$). Point $T$ lies on arc $AQB$ of $\omega$ such that $\overline{XT}$ is perpendicular to $\overline{AX}$. Let $M$ denote the midpoint of chord $\overline{ST}$. As $X$ varies on segment $\overline{PQ}$, show that $M$ moves along a circle.

Let $p \geq 2$ be a natural number. Prove that there exist an integer $n_0$ such that \[ \sum^{n_0}_{i=1} \frac{1}{i \cdot \sqrt[p]{i + 1}} > p. \]

There is a heads up coin on every integer of the number line. Lucky is initially standing on the zero point of the number line facing in the positive direction. Lucky performs the following procedure: $\bullet$ Lucky looks at the coin (or lack thereof) underneath him. $\bullet \, - \, $ If the coin is heads, Lucky flips it to tails up, turns around, and steps forward a distance of one unit. $ \qquad a -$ If the coin is tails, Lucky picks up the coin and steps forward a distance of one unit facing the same direction. $ \qquad a -$ If there is no coin, Lucky places a coin heads up underneath him and steps forward a distance of one unit facing the same direction. He repeats this procedure until there are 20 coins anywhere that are tails up. How many times has Lucky performed the procedure when the process stops?

Let $m$ and $n$ be any two odd numbers, with $n$ less than $m$. The largest integer which divides all possible numbers of the form $m^2-n^2$ is: $ \textbf{(A)}\ 2\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 4\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 6\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 8\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 16 $

If $y=a+\frac{b}{x}$, where $a$ and $b$ are constants, and if $y=1$ when $x=-1$, and $y=5$ when $x=-5$, then $a+b$ equals: $ \textbf{(A)}\ -1 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 0\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 1\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 10\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 11 $

Given seven points on a plane, with no three points collinear. Prove that it is always possible to divide these points into the vertices of a triangle and a convex quadrilateral, with no shared parts between the two shapes.

Arthur is driving to David’s house intending to arrive at a certain time. If he drives at 60 km/h, he will arrive 5 minutes late. If he drives at 90 km/h, he will arrive 5 minutes early. If he drives at n  km/h, he will arrive exactly on time. What is the value of n?

Find the smallest $a$ for which the equation $x^2-ax +21 = 0$ has a root that is a natural number.

Let $a, b, c$, and $d$ be real numbers such that $a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = 3a + 8b + 24c + 37d = 2018$. Evaluate $3b + 8c + 24d + 37a$.

There are $30$ children, $a_1,a_2,...,a_{30}$ seated clockwise in a circle on the floor. The teacher walks behind the children in the clockwise direction with a box of $1000$ candies. She drops a candy behind the first child $a_1$. She then skips one child and drops a candy behind the third child, $a_3$. Now she skips two children and drops a candy behind the next child, $a_6$. She continues this way, at each stage skipping one child more than at the preceding stage before dropping a candy behind the next child. How many children will never receive a candy? Justify your answer.

On the sides $AB,BC$ and $CA$ of the triangle $ABC$ consider the points $Z,X$ and $Y$ respectively such that \[AZ-AY=BX-BZ=CY-CX.\]Let $P,M$ and $N$ be the circumcenters of the triangles $AYZ, BZX$ and $CXY$ respectively. Prove that the incenters of the triangle $ABC$ coincides with that of the triangle $MNP$.

Albert rolls a fair six-sided die thirteen times. For each time he rolls a number that is strictly greater than the previous number he rolled, he gains a point, where his first roll does not gain him a point. Find the expected number of points that Albert receives. [i]Proposed by Nathan Ramesh

Let $n$ be a positive integer and $P(x)$ be a polynomial with integer coefficients such that $P(1)=1,P(2)=2,\ldots,P(n)=n$. Prove that $P(0)$ is divisible by $2 \cdot 3 \cdot \ldots \cdot n$. [i]A. Voidelevich[/i]

For any positive integer $n$, $A_n$ and $B_n$ are intersection of parabola $y=(n^2+n)x^2-(2n+1)x+1$ and $x$-axis. Then, the value of $|A_1B_1|+|A_2B_2|+\cdots+|A_{1992}B_{1992}|$ is $\text{(A)}\frac{1991}{1992}\qquad\text{(B)}\frac{1992}{1993}\qquad\text{(C)}\frac{1991}{1993}\qquad\text{(D)}\frac{1993}{1992}$

Pablo copied from the blackboard the problem: [list]Consider all the sequences of $2004$ real numbers $(x_0,x_1,x_2,\dots, x_{2003})$ such that: $x_0=1, 0\le x_1\le 2x_0,0\le x_2\le 2x_1\ldots ,0\le x_{2003}\le 2x_{2002}$. From all these sequences, determine the sequence which minimizes $S=\cdots$[/list] As Pablo was copying the expression, it was erased from the board. The only thing that he could remember was that $S$ was of the form $S=\pm x_1\pm x_2\pm\cdots\pm x_{2002}+x_{2003}$. Show that, even when Pablo does not have the complete statement, he can determine the solution of the problem.

Set $S$ contains exactly $36$ elements in the form of $2^m \cdot 5^n$ for integers $ 0 \le m,n \le 5$. Two distinct elements of $S$ are randomly chosen. Given that the probability that their product is divisible by $10^7$ is $a/b$, where $a$ and $b$ are relatively prime positive integers, find $a +b$. [i]Proposed by Ada Tsui[/i]

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $\angle A<{{90}^{o}} $. Outside of a triangle we consider isosceles triangles $ABE$ and $ACZ$ with bases $AB$ and $AC$, respectively. If the midpoint $D$ of the side $BC$ is such that $DE \perp DZ$ and $EZ = 2 \cdot ED$, prove that $\angle AEB = 2 \cdot \angle AZC$ .

For $ x\geq 0,$ define a function $ f(x)\equal{}\sin \left(\frac{n\pi}{4}\right)\sin x\ (n\pi \leq x<(n\plus{}1)\pi )\ (n\equal{}0,\ 1,\ 2,\ \cdots)$. Evaluate $ \int_0^{100\pi } f(x)\ dx.$

Place parentheses in the expression $$2:2 -3:3 - 4: 4-5:5$$ so that the result is a number greater than $39$.