Let $ f: \mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a function such that $ f(x,y)\plus{}f(y,z)\plus{}f(z,x)\equal{}0$ for real numbers $ x,y,$ and $ z.$ Prove that there exists a function $ g: \mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ such that $ f(x,y)\equal{}g(x)\minus{}g(y)$ for all real numbers $ x$ and $ y.$

\[\int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/2} \tan^{-1}\left(\tan^2(x)\right)\sin(2x)\,\mathrm dx\] [i]Proposed by Vlad Oleksenko[/i]

Niki and Kyle play a triangle game. Niki first draws $\triangle ABC$ with area $1$, and Kyle picks a point $X$ inside $\triangle ABC$. Niki then draws segments $\overline{DG}$, $\overline{EH}$, and $\overline{FI}$, all through $X$, such that $D$ and $E$ are on $\overline{BC}$, $F$ and $G$ are on $\overline{AC}$, and $H$ and $I$ are on $\overline{AB}$. The ten points must all be distinct. Finally, let $S$ be the sum of the areas of triangles $DEX$, $FGX$, and $HIX$. Kyle earns $S$ points, and Niki earns $1-S$ points. If both players play optimally to maximize the amount of points they get, who will win and by how much?

In $xyz$ space, let $l$ be the segment joining two points $(1,\ 0,\ 1)$ and $(1,\ 0,\ 2),$ and $A$ be the figure obtained by revolving $l$ around the $z$ axis. Find the volume of the solid obtained by revolving $A$ around the $x$ axis. Note you may not use double integral.

Evaluate $\int_{\sqrt{2}}^{\sqrt{3}} (x^2+\sqrt{x^4-1})(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}+{\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-1}})dx.}$ [i]Proposed by kunny[/i]

When real numbers $a,\ b$ move satisfying $\int_0^{\pi} (a\cos x+b\sin x)^2dx=1$, find the maximum value of $\int_0^{\pi} (e^x-a\cos x-b\sin x)^2dx.$

Find the function $f(x)$ which satisfies the following integral equation. \[f(x)=\int_0^x t(\sin t-\cos t)dt+\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} e^t f(t)dt\]

Evaluate $ \int_0^{2008} \left(3x^2 \minus{} 8028x \plus{} 2007^2 \plus{} \frac {1}{2008}\right)\ dx$.

$R$ is a ring such that $xy=yx$ for every $x,y\in R$ and if $ab=0$ then $a=0$ or $b=0$. if for every Ideal $I\subset R$ there exist $x_1,x_2,..,x_n$ in $R$ ($n$ is not constant) such that $I=(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)$, prove that every element in $R$ that is not $0$ and it's not a unit, is the product of finite irreducible elements.($\frac{100}{6}$ points)

Find the minimu value of $\frac{1}{\pi}\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \{x\cos t+(1-x)\sin t\}^2dt.$ [i]2010 Ibaraki University entrance exam/Science[/i]

Evaluate $ \int_0^1 \frac{(1\minus{}2x)e^{x}\plus{}(1\plus{}2x)e^{\minus{}x}}{(e^x\plus{}e^{\minus{}x})^3}\ dx.$

Let $f:[0,1]\rightarrow{\mathbb{R}}$ be a differentiable function, with continuous derivative, and let \[ s_{n}=\sum_{k=1}^{n}f\left( \frac{k}{n}\right) \] Prove that the sequence $(s_{n+1}-s_{n})_{n\in{\mathbb{N}}^{\ast}}$ converges to $\int_{0}^{1}f(x)\mathrm{d}x$.

While working with some data for the Iowa City Hospital, James got up to get a drink of water. When he returned, his computer displayed the “blue screen of death” (it had crashed). While rebooting his computer, James remembered that he was nearly done with his calculations since the last time he saved his data. He also kicked himself for not saving before he got up from his desk. He had computed three positive integers $a$, $b$, and $c$, and recalled that their product is $24$, but he didn’t remember the values of the three integers themselves. What he really needed was their sum. He knows that the sum is an even two-digit integer less than $25$ with fewer than $6$ divisors. Help James by computing $a+b+c$.

In the $x$-$y$ plane, for $t>0$, denote by $S(t)$ the area of the part enclosed by the curve $y=e^{t^2x}$, the $x$-axis, $y$-axis and the line $x=\frac{1}{t}.$ Show that $S(t)>\frac 43.$ If necessary, you may use $e^3>20.$

Let $ P\subseteq \mathbb{R}^m$ be a non-empty compact convex set and $ f: P\rightarrow \mathbb{R}_{ \plus{} }$ be a concave function. Prove, that for every $ \xi\in \mathbb{R}^m$ \[ \int_{P}\langle \xi,x \rangle f(x)dx\leq \left[\frac {m \plus{} 1}{m \plus{} 2}\sup_{x\in P}{\langle\xi,x\rangle} \plus{} \frac {1}{m \plus{} 2}\inf_{x\in P}{\langle\xi,x\rangle}\right] \cdot\int_{P}f(x)dx.\]

$x$, $y$ and $z$ are positive real numbers. Prove the inequality \[\frac{x+1}{y+1}+\frac{y+1}{z+1}+\frac{z+1}{x+1}\leq\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}.\] (Authors: A. Khrabrov, B. Trushin)

Let $ A$, $ B$, and $ C$ be three distinct points on the graph of $ y\equal{}x^2$ such that line $ AB$ is parallel to the $ x$-axis and $ \triangle{ABC}$ is a right triangle with area $ 2008$. What is the sum of the digits of the $ y$-coordinate of $ C$? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 16 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 17 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 18 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 19 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 20$

Let be four positive integers $m, n, p, q$, with $p < m$ given and $q < n$. Take four points $A(0; 0), B(p; 0), C (m; q)$ and $D(m; n)$ in the coordinate plane. Consider the paths $f$ from $A$ to $D$ and the paths $g$ from $B$ to $C$ such that when going along $f$ or $g$, one goes only in the positive directions of coordinates and one can only change directions (from the positive direction of one axe coordinate into the the positive direction of the other axe coordinate) at the points with integral coordinates. Let $S$ be the number of couples $(f, g)$ such that $f$ and $g$ have no common points. Prove that \[S = \binom{n}{m+n} \cdot \binom{q}{m+q-p} - \binom{q}{m+q} \cdot \binom{n}{m+n-p}.\]

Evaluate $ \int_0^{2(2\plus{}\sqrt{3})} \frac{16}{(x^2\plus{}4)^2}\ dx$.

Let $ x,y,z$ be real numbers. Find the minimum value of $ x^2\plus{}y^2\plus{}z^2$ if $ x^3\plus{}y^3\plus{}z^3\minus{}3xyz\equal{}1$.

Suppose that the $n$ times differentiable real function $f(x)$ has at least $n+1$ distinct zeros in the closed interval $[a,b]$ and that the polynomial $P(z)=z^n +c_{n-1}z^{n-1}+\ldots+c_1 x +c_0$ has only real zeroes. Show that $f^{(n)}(x)+ c_{n-1} f^{(n-1)}(x) +\ldots +c_1 f'(x)+ c_0 f(x)$ has at least one zero in $[a,b]$, where $f^{(n)}$ denotes the $n$-th derivative of $f.$

There is a unique choice of positive integers $a$, $b$, and $c$ such that $c$ is not divisible by the square of any prime and the infinite sums \[ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \left(\left(\frac{a - b\sqrt{c}}{10}\right)^{n-10}\cdot\prod_{k=0}^{9} (n - k)\right) \quad \text{and} \quad \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \left((a - b\sqrt{c})^{n+1}\cdot\prod_{k=0}^{9} (n - k)\right) \] are equal (i.e., converging to the same finite value). Compute $a + b + c$.

Let $ f:[0,1]\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} $ be a continuous function such that $$ \int_0^1 (x-1)f(x)dx =0. $$ Show that: [b]a)[/b] There exists $ a\in (0,1) $ such that $ \int_0^a xf(x)dx =0. $ [b]b)[/b] There exists $ b\in (0,1) $ so that $ \int_0^b xf(x)dx=bf(b). $

Evaluate \[\lim_{n\to\infty} \int_0^{\pi} x^2 |\sin nx| dx\]

Compute $ \int_0^1 x^{2n\plus{}1}e^{\minus{}x^2}dx\ (n\equal{}1,\ 2,\ \cdots)$ , then use this result, prove that $ \sum_{n\equal{}0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n!}\equal{}e$.