Let $m$ and $n$ be positive integers. A child walks the Cartesian plane taking a few steps. The child begins its journey at the point $(0, n)$ and ends at the point $(m, 0)$ in such a way that: $\bullet$ Each step has length $1$ and is parallel to either the $X$ or $Y$ axis. $\bullet$ For each point $(x, y)$ of its path it is true that $x\ge 0$ and $y\ge 0$. For each step of the child, the distance between the child and the axis to which said step is parallel is calculated. If the step causes the child to be further from the point $(0, 0)$ than before, we consider that distance as positive, otherwise, we consider that distance as negative. Prove that at the end of the boy's journey, the sum of all the distances is $0$.

Let $x, y, z$ be positive real numbers. Prove that: $\frac{x + 2y}{z + 2x + 3y}+\frac{y + 2z}{x + 2y + 3z}+\frac{z + 2x}{y + 2z + 3x} \le \frac{3}{2}$

The venusian prophet Zabruberson sent to his pupils a $ 10000$-letter word, each letter being $ A$ or $ E$: the [i]Zabrubic word[/i]. Their pupils consider then that for $ 1 \leq k \leq 10000$, each word comprised of $ k$ consecutive letters of the Zabrubic word is a [i]prophetic word[/i] of length $ k$. It is known that there are at most $ 7$ prophetic words of lenght $ 3$. Find the maximum number of prophetic words of length $ 10$.

Let $ a$, $ b$, and $ c$ be non-negative real numbers and let $ x$, $ y$, and $ z$ be positive real numbers such that $ a\plus{}b\plus{}c\equal{}x\plus{}y\plus{}z$. Prove that \[ \dfrac{a^3}{x^2}\plus{}\dfrac{b^3}{y^2}\plus{}\dfrac{c^3}{z^2} \ge a\plus{}b\plus{}c.\] [i]Hery Susanto, Malang[/i]

At the $69$ Thailand-Yaranaikian meeting attended by $96$ Thai delegates and a number (unknown) from the Yaranakian country. Some time after the meeting took place, the meeting also discovered something amazing that happened in this meeting!! That is, regardless of whether we select at least $69$ of Thai participants and select all the Yaranikian country participants who are known to Thais in the initial selection group, there is at least $1$ person fo form a minority. They found in that minority, there was always $1$ more Yaranikhians than Thais. Prove that there must be at least $28$ of the Yaranaikian attendees who know the Thai delegates. (Note: In this meeting, none of the attendees were half-breeds. Thai-Yara Nikian) [i](tatari/nightmare)[/i]

For a positive integer $n$, let $f(n)$ be the integer formed by reversing the digits of $n$ (and removing any leading zeroes). For example $f(14172)=27141$. Define a sequence of numbers $\{a_n\}_{n\ge 0}$ by $a_0=1$ and for all $i\ge 0$, $a_{i+1}=11a_i$ or $a_{i+1}=f(a_i)$ . How many possible values are there for $a_8$? [i]Proposed by James Lin[/i]

Given an integer $n\ge3$, prove that the set $X=\{1,2,3,\ldots,n^2-n\}$ can be divided into two non-intersecting subsets such that neither of them contains $n$ elements $a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_n$ with $a_1<a_2<\ldots<a_n$ and $a_k\le\frac{a_{k-1}+a_{k+1}}2$ for all $k=2,\ldots,n-1$.

Define a sequence of polynomials $F_n(x)$ by $F_0(x)=0, F_1(x)=x-1$, and for $n\geq 1$, $$F_{n+1}(x)=2xF_n(x)-F_{n-1}(x)+2F_1(x).$$ For each $n$, $F_n(x)$ can be written in the form $$F_n(x)=c_nP_1(x)P_2(x)\cdots P_{g(n)}(x)$$ where $c_n$ is a constant and $P_1(x),P_2(x)\cdots, P_{g(n)}(x)$ are non-constant polynomials with integer coefficients and $g(n)$ is as large as possible. For all $2< n< 101$, let $t$ be the minimum possible value of $g(n)$ in the above expression; for how many $k$ in the specified range is $g(k)=t$?

Let $D=\{ z \in \mathbb{C} : \operatorname{Im}(z) >0 , \operatorname{Re}(z) >0 \} $. Let $n \geq 1 $ and let $a_1,a_2,\dots a_n \in D$ be distinct complex numbers. Define $$f(z)=z \cdot \prod_{j=1}^{n} \frac{z-a_j}{z-\overline{a_j}}$$ Prove that $f'$ has at least one root in $D$. [i]Proposed by Géza Kós (Lorand Eotvos University, Budapest)[/i]

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB = 5$, $AC = 4$, $BC = 6$. The angle bisector of $C$ intersects side $AB$ at $X$. Points $M$ and $N$ are drawn on sides $BC$ and $AC$, respectively, such that $\overline{XM} \parallel \overline{AC}$ and $\overline{XN} \parallel \overline{BC}$. Compute the length $MN$.

Find all functions \( f : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R} \) such that the following two conditions hold: [b]1. [/b] For all real numbers $a$ and $b$ satisfying $a^2 + b^2 = 1$, We have $f(x) + f(y) \geq f(ax + by)$ for all real numbers $x, y$. [b]2.[/b] For all real numbers $x$ and $y$, there exist real numbers $a$ and $b$, such that $a^2 + b^2 = 1$ and $f(x) + f(y) = f(ax + by)$. [i]Proposed by Zaza Melikidze, Georgia[/i]

A circle is circumscribed about a triangle with sides $ 20$, $ 21$, and $ 29$, thus dividing the interior of the circle into four regions. Let $ A$, $ B$, and $ C$ be the areas of the non-triangular regions, with $ C$ being the largest. Then $ \textbf{(A)}\ A \plus{} B \equal{} C\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ A \plus{} B \plus{} 210 \equal{} C\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ A^2 \plus{} B^2 \equal{} C^2\qquad \\ \textbf{(D)}\ 20A \plus{} 21B \equal{} 29C\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac{1}{A^2} \plus{} \frac{1}{B^2} \equal{} \frac{1}{C^2}$

Jenny and Kenny are walking in the same direction, Kenny at 3 feet per second and Jenny at 1 foot per second, on parallel paths that are 200 feet apart. A tall circular building 100 feet in diameter is centered midway between the paths. At the instant when the building first blocks the line of sight between Jenny and Kenny, they are 200 feet apart. Let $t$ be the amount of time, in seconds, before Jenny and Kenny can see each other again. If $t$ is written as a fraction in lowest terms, what is the sum of the numerator and denominator?

Find all integer numbers $a, b, m$ and $n$, such that the following two equalities are verified: $a^2+b^2=5mn$ and $m^2+n^2=5ab$

For prime numbers $p$ and $q$, natural numbers $n$, $k$, $r$, the equality $p^{2k}+q^{2n}=r^2$ holds. Prove that the number $r$ is prime.

$(a_n)$ is an arithmetic sequence, $(b_n)$ is a geometric sequence. If $b_1=a_1^2,b_2=a_2^2,b_3=a_3^2(a_1<a_2)$, and $\lim_{n\to\infty}(b_1+b_2+\cdots+b_n)=\sqrt2+1$, find $a_n$.

Find all positive integer pairs $(a,n)$ such that $\frac{(a+1)^n-a^n}{n}$ is an integer.

Let $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_{2021}$ be a sequence, where each $a_i$ is a positive factor of $2021$. How many possible values are there for the product $a_1 a_2 \cdots a_{2021}$?

Determine all functions $f : \mathbb{R} - [0,1] \to \mathbb{R}$ such that \[ f(x) + f \left( \dfrac{1}{1-x} \right) = \dfrac{2(1-2x)}{x(1-x)} . \]

Let $p$ be a prime number and $a$ and $n$ positive nonzero integers. Prove that if $2^p + 3^p = a^n$ then $n=1$

[b]a)[/b] Let's consider a finite number of big circles of a sphere that do not pass all from a point. Show that there exists such a point that is found only in two of the circles. (With big circle we understand the circles with radius equal to the radius of the sphere.) [b]b)[/b] Using the result of part $a)$ show that, for a set of $n$ points in a plane, that are not all in a line, there exists a line that passes through only two points of the given set.

Given are two distinct sequences of positive integers $(a_n)$ and $(b_n)$, such that their first two members are coprime and smaller than $1000$, and each of the next members is the sum of the previous two. 8-9 grade Prove that if $a_n$ is divisible by $b_n$, then $n<50$ 10-11 grade Prove that if $a_n^{100}$ is divisible by $b_n$ then $n<5000$

Let $B$ be an integer greater than 10 such that everyone of its digits belongs to the set $\{1,3,7,9\}$. Show that $B$ has a [b]prime divisor[/b] greater than or equal to 11.

Anna and Bob, with Anna starting first, alternately color the integers of the set $S = \{1, 2, ..., 2022 \}$ red or blue. At their turn each one can color any uncolored number of $S$ they wish with any color they wish. The game ends when all numbers of $S$ get colored. Let $N$ be the number of pairs $(a, b)$, where $a$ and $b$ are elements of $S$, such that $a$, $b$ have the same color, and $b - a = 3$. Anna wishes to maximize $N$. What is the maximum value of $N$ that she can achieve regardless of how Bob plays?

Let $ABC$ be a scalene triangle and $l_0$ be a line that is tangent to the circumcircle of $ABC$ at point $A$. Let $l$ be a variable line which is parallel to line $l_0$. Let $l$ intersect segment $AB$ and $AC$ at the point $X$, $Y$ respectively. $BY$ and $CX$ intersects at point $T$ and the line $AT$ intersects the circumcirle of $ABC$ at $Z$. Prove that as $l$ varies, circumcircle of $XYZ$ passes through a fixed point.