Found problems: 85335
2001 Baltic Way, 20
From a sequence of integers $(a, b, c, d)$ each of the sequences
\[(c, d, a, b),\quad (b, a, d, c),\quad (a + nc, b + nd, c, d),\quad (a + nb, b, c + nd, d)\]
for arbitrary integer $n$ can be obtained by one step. Is it possible to obtain $(3, 4, 5, 7)$ from $(1, 2, 3, 4)$ through a sequence of such steps?
2011 Singapore Senior Math Olympiad, 4
Let $n$ and $k$ be positive integers with $n\geq k\geq 2$. For $i=1,\dots,n$, let $S_i$ be a nonempty set of consecutive integers such that among any $k$ of them, there are two with nonempty intersection. Prove that there is a set $X$ of $k-1$ integers such that each $S_i$, $i=1,\dots,n$ contains at least one integer in $X$.
2023 Stanford Mathematics Tournament, R9
[b]p25.[/b] You are given that $1000!$ has $2568$ decimal digits. Call a permutation $\pi$ of length $1000$ good if $\pi(2i) > \pi (2i - 1)$ for all $1 \le i \le 500$ and $\pi (2i) > \pi (2i + 1)$ for all $1 \le i \le 499$. Let $N$ be the number of good permutations. Estimate $D$, the number of decimal digits in $N$.
You will get $\max \left( 0, 25 - \left\lceil \frac{|D-X|}{10} \right\rceil \right)$ points, where $X$ is the true answer.
[b]p26.[/b] A year is said to be [i]interesting [/i] if it is the product of $3$, not necessarily distinct, primes (for example $2^2 \cdot 5$ is interesting, but $2^2 \cdot 3 \cdot 5$ is not). How many interesting years are there between $ 5000$ and $10000$, inclusive?
For an estimate of $E$, you will get $\max \left( 0, 25 - \left\lceil \frac{|E-X|}{10} \right\rceil \right)$ points, where $X$ is the true answer.
[b]p27.[/b] Sam chooses $1000$ random lattice points $(x, y)$ with $1 \le x, y \le 1000$ such that all pairs $(x, y)$ are distinct. Let $N$ be the expected size of the maximum collinear set among them. Estimate $\lfloor 100N \rfloor$. Let $S$ be the answer you provide and $X$ be the true value of $\lfloor 100N \rfloor$. You will get $\max \left( 0, 25 - \left\lceil \frac{|S-X|}{10} \right\rceil \right)$ points for your estimate.
PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].
2020 AMC 12/AHSME, 6
For all integers $n \geq 9,$ the value of
$$\frac{(n+2)!-(n+1)!}{n!}$$
is always which of the following?
$\textbf{(A) } \text{a multiple of }4 \qquad \textbf{(B) } \text{a multiple of }10 \qquad \textbf{(C) } \text{a prime number} \\ \textbf{(D) } \text{a perfect square} \qquad \textbf{(E) } \text{a perfect cube}$
2017 IOM, 1
Let $ABCD$ be a parallelogram in which angle at $B$ is obtuse and $AD>AB$. Points $K$ and $L$ on $AC$ such that $\angle ADL=\angle KBA$(the points $A, K, C, L$ are all different, with $K$ between $A$ and $L$). The line $BK$ intersects the circumcircle $\omega$ of $ABC$ at points $B$ and $E$, and the line $EL$ intersects $\omega$ at points $E$ and $F$. Prove that $BF||AC$.
MOAA Individual Speed General Rounds, 2021.7
If positive real numbers $x,y,z$ satisfy the following system of equations, compute $x+y+z$.
$$xy+yz = 30$$
$$yz+zx = 36$$
$$zx+xy = 42$$
[i]Proposed by Nathan Xiong[/i]
2003 JHMMC 8, 22
Given that $|3-a| = 2$, compute the sum of all possible values of $a$.
2011 JBMO Shortlist, 1
Solve in positive integers the equation $1005^x + 2011^y = 1006^z$.
2013 North Korea Team Selection Test, 1
The incircle of a non-isosceles triangle $ABC$ with the center $I$ touches the sides $ BC, CA, AB$ at $ A_1 , B_1 , C_1 $ respectively. The line $AI$ meets the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $A_2 $. The line $B_1 C_1 $ meets the line $BC$ at $A_3 $ and the line $A_2 A_3 $ meets the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $A_4 (\ne A_2 ) $. Define $B_4 , C_4 $ similarly. Prove that the lines $ AA_4 , BB_4 , CC_4 $ are concurrent.
1991 Brazil National Olympiad, 4
Show that there exists $n>2$ such that $1991 | 1999 \ldots 91$ (with $n$ 9's).
2004 Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Romania, 3
Let $A$ be a $8\times 8$ array with entries from the set $\{-1,1\}$ such that any $2\times 2$ sub-square of the array has the absolute value of the sum of its element equal with 2. Prove that the array must have at least two identical lines.
2022 Bulgarian Spring Math Competition, Problem 8.3
Given the inequalities:
$a)$ $\left(\frac{2a}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{2b}{a+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{2c}{a+b}\right)^2\geq \frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}$
$b)$ $\left(\frac{a+b}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{c+a}{b}\right)^2\geq \frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+9$
For each of them either prove that it holds for all positive real numbers $a$, $b$, $c$ or present a counterexample $(a,b,c)$ which doesn't satisfy the inequality.
2008 Saint Petersburg Mathematical Olympiad, 5
All faces of the tetrahedron $ABCD $ are acute-angled triangles.$AK$ and $AL$ -are altitudes in faces $ABC$ and $ABD$. Points $C,D,K,L$ lies on circle. Prove, that $AB \perp CD$
2013 Online Math Open Problems, 44
Suppose tetrahedron $PABC$ has volume $420$ and satisfies $AB = 13$, $BC = 14$, and $CA = 15$. The minimum possible surface area of $PABC$ can be written as $m+n\sqrt{k}$, where $m,n,k$ are positive integers and $k$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Compute $m+n+k$.
[i]Ray Li[/i]
1999 Croatia National Olympiad, Problem 3
Let $(a_n)$ be defined by $a_1=a_2=1$ and $a_n=a_{n-1}+a_{n-2}$ for $n>2$. Compute the sum $\frac{a_1}2+\frac{a_2}{2^2}+\frac{a_3}{2^3}+\ldots$.
2017 BMT Spring, 4
What is the greatest multiple of $9$ that can be formed by using each of the digits in the set $\{1, 3,5, 7, 9\}$ at most once.
Kyiv City MO Juniors 2003+ geometry, 2011.8.41
The medians $AL, BM$, and $CN$ are drawn in the triangle $ABC$. Prove that $\angle ANC = \angle ALB$ if and only if $\angle ABM =\angle LAC$.
(Veklich Bogdan)
2015 Vietnam Team selection test, Problem 1
Let $\alpha$ be the positive root of the equation $x^2+x=5$. Let $n$ be a positive integer number, and let $c_0,c_1,\ldots,c_n\in \mathbb{N}$ be such that $ c_0+c_1\alpha+c_2\alpha^2+\cdots+c_n\alpha^n=2015. $
a. Prove that $c_0+c_1+c_2+\cdots+c_n\equiv 2 \pmod{3}$.
b. Find the minimum value of the sum $c_0+c_1+c_2+\cdots+c_n$.
2002 Bulgaria National Olympiad, 3
Given are $n^2$ points in the plane, such that no three of them are collinear, where $n \geq 4$ is the positive integer of the form $3k+1$. What is the minimal number of connecting segments among the points, such that for each $n$-plet of points we can find four points, which are all connected to each other?
[i]Proposed by Alexander Ivanov and Emil Kolev[/i]
2016 Iranian Geometry Olympiad, 5
Let the circles $\omega$ and $\omega'$ intersect in points $A$ and $B$. The tangent to circle $\omega$ at $A$ intersects $\omega'$ at $C$ and the tangent to circle $\omega'$ at $A$ intersects $\omega$ at $D$. Suppose that the internal bisector of $\angle CAD$ intersects $\omega$ and $\omega'$ at $E$ and $F$, respectively, and the external bisector of $\angle CAD$ intersects $\omega$ and $\omega'$ at $X$ and $Y$, respectively. Prove that the perpendicular bisector of $XY$ is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle $BEF$.
[i]Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard[/i]
1999 AMC 12/AHSME, 3
The number halfway between $ \frac {1}{8}$ and $ \displaystyle \frac {1}{10}$ is
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \frac {1}{80} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac {1}{40} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac {1}{18} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac {1}{9} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac {9}{80}$
1982 AMC 12/AHSME, 5
Two positive numbers $x$ and $y$ are in the ratio $a: b$ where $0 < a < b$. If $x+y = c$, then the smaller of $x$ and $y$ is
$\textbf{(A)} \ \frac{ac}{b} \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ \frac{bc-ac}{b} \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ \frac{ac}{a+b} \qquad \textbf{(D)} \ \frac{bc}{a+b} \qquad \textbf{(E)} \ \frac{ac}{b-a}$
2000 Tournament Of Towns, 2
$ABCD$ is parallelogram, $M$ is the midpoint of side $CD$ and $H$ is the foot of the perpendicular from $B$ to line $AM$. Prove that $BCH$ is an isosceles triangle.
(M Volchkevich)
2020 Switzerland Team Selection Test, 12
Let $a,b,c,d$ be positive real numbers such that $a+b+c+d=1$ prove that:
($\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+d}+\frac{d^2}{d+a})^5 \geq 5^5(\frac{ac}{27})^2$
LMT Team Rounds 2010-20, 2020.S14
Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle such that $AB=40$ and $AC=30.$ Points $X$ and $Y$ are on the segment $AB$ and $BC,$ respectively such that $AX:BX=3:2$ and $BY:CY=1:4.$ Given that $XY=12,$ the area of $\triangle ABC$ can be written as $a\sqrt{b}$ where $a$ and $b$ are positive integers and $b$ is squarefree. Compute $a+b.$