Found problems: 85335
1996 Miklós Schweitzer, 3
Let $1\leq a_1 < a_2 <... < a_{2n} \leq 4n-2$ be integers, such that their sum is even. Prove that for all sufficiently large n, there exist $\varepsilon_1 , ..., \varepsilon_{2n} = \pm1$ such that
$$\sum\varepsilon_i = \sum\varepsilon_i a_i = 0$$
2013 USAJMO, 4
Let $f(n)$ be the number of ways to write $n$ as a sum of powers of $2$, where we keep track of the order of the summation. For example, $f(4)=6$ because $4$ can be written as $4$, $2+2$, $2+1+1$, $1+2+1$, $1+1+2$, and $1+1+1+1$. Find the smallest $n$ greater than $2013$ for which $f(n)$ is odd.
2022 German National Olympiad, 3
Let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of segments $BC$ and $AC$ of a triangle $ABC$, respectively. Let $Q$ be a point on the line through $N$ parallel to $BC$ such that $Q$ and $C$ are on opposite sides of $AB$ and $\vert QN\vert \cdot \vert BC\vert=\vert AB\vert \cdot \vert AC\vert$.
Suppose that the circumcircle of triangle $AQN$ intersects the segment $MN$ a second time in a point $T \ne N$.
Prove that there is a circle through points $T$ and $N$ touching both the side $BC$ and the incircle of triangle $ABC$.
2022 Pan-American Girls' Math Olympiad, 2
Find all ordered triplets $(p,q,r)$ of positive integers such that $p$ and $q$ are two (not necessarily distinct) primes, $r$ is even, and
\[p^3+q^2=4r^2+45r+103.\]
2021 Dutch IMO TST, 3
Prove that for every positive integer $n$ there are positive integers $a$ and $b$ exist with $n | 4a^2 + 9b^2 -1$.
2012 Princeton University Math Competition, A4 / B6
A square is inscribed in an ellipse such that two sides of the square respectively pass through the two foci of the ellipse. The square has a side length of $4$. The square of the length of the minor axis of the ellipse can be written in the form $a + b\sqrt{c}$ where $a, b$, and $c$ are integers, and $c$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find the sum $a + b + c$.
2011 Silk Road, 1
Determine the smallest possible value of $| A_{1} \cup A_{2} \cup A_{3} \cup A_{4} \cup A_{5} |$, where $A_{1}, A_{2}, A_{3}, A_{4}, A_{5}$ sets simultaneously satisfying the following conditions:
$(i)$ $| A_{i}\cap A_{j} | = 1$ for all $1\leq i < j\leq 5$, i.e. any two distinct sets contain exactly one element in common;
$(ii)$ $A_{i}\cap A_{j} \cap A_{k}\cap A_{l} =\varnothing$ for all $1\leq i<j<k<l\leq 5$, i.e. any four different sets contain no common element.
Where $| S |$ means the number of elements of $S$.
2009 Puerto Rico Team Selection Test, 5
Let $ ABCD$ be a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle. The diagonal $ BD$ bisects $ AC$. If $ AB = 10$, $ AD = 12$ and $ DC = 11$, find $ BC$.
2008 Baltic Way, 13
For an upcoming international mathematics contest, the participating countries were asked to choose from nine combinatorics problems. Given how hard it usually is to agree, nobody was surprised that the following happened:
[b]i)[/b] Every country voted for exactly three problems.
[b]ii)[/b] Any two countries voted for different sets of problems.
[b]iii)[/b] Given any three countries, there was a problem none of them voted for.
Find the maximal possible number of participating countries.
2012-2013 SDML (Middle School), 6
How many non-congruent scalene triangles with perimeter $21$ have integer side lengths that form an arithmetic sequence? (In an arithmetic sequence, successive terms differ by the same amount.)
$\text{(A) }0\qquad\text{(B) }1\qquad\text{(C) }3\qquad\text{(D) }4\qquad\text{(E) }6$
2007 AIME Problems, 10
In the $ 6\times4$ grid shown, $ 12$ of the $ 24$ squares are to be shaded so that there are two shaded squares in each row and three shaded squares in each column. Let $ N$ be the number of shadings with this property. Find the remainder when $ N$ is divided by $ 1000$.
[asy]size(100);
defaultpen(linewidth(0.7));
int i;
for(i=0; i<5; ++i) {
draw((i,0)--(i,6));
}
for(i=0; i<7; ++i) {
draw((0,i)--(4,i));
}[/asy]
2021 Taiwan TST Round 2, C
Consider any rectangular table having finitely many rows and columns, with a real number $a(r, c)$ in the cell in row $r$ and column $c$. A pair $(R, C)$, where $R$ is a set of rows and $C$ a set of columns, is called a [i]saddle pair[/i] if the following two conditions are satisfied:
[list]
[*] $(i)$ For each row $r^{\prime}$, there is $r \in R$ such that $a(r, c) \geqslant a\left(r^{\prime}, c\right)$ for all $c \in C$;
[*] $(ii)$ For each column $c^{\prime}$, there is $c \in C$ such that $a(r, c) \leqslant a\left(r, c^{\prime}\right)$ for all $r \in R$.
[/list]
A saddle pair $(R, C)$ is called a [i]minimal pair[/i] if for each saddle pair $\left(R^{\prime}, C^{\prime}\right)$ with $R^{\prime} \subseteq R$ and $C^{\prime} \subseteq C$, we have $R^{\prime}=R$ and $C^{\prime}=C$. Prove that any two minimal pairs contain the same number of rows.
2013 China Team Selection Test, 3
Let $A$ be a set consisting of 6 points in the plane. denoted $n(A)$ as the number of the unit circles which meet at least three points of $A$. Find the maximum of $n(A)$
2010 India IMO Training Camp, 7
Let $ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilaterla and let $E$ be the point of intersection of its diagonals $AC$ and $BD$. Suppose $AD$ and $BC$ meet in $F$. Let the midpoints of $AB$ and $CD$ be $G$ and $H$ respectively. If $\Gamma $ is the circumcircle of triangle $EGH$, prove that $FE$ is tangent to $\Gamma $.
2003 AMC 12-AHSME, 10
Several figures can be made by attaching two equilateral triangles to the regular pentagon $ ABCDE$ in two of the five positions shown. How many non-congruent figures can be constructed in this way?
[asy]unitsize(2cm);
pair A=dir(306);
pair B=dir(234);
pair C=dir(162);
pair D=dir(90);
pair E=dir(18);
draw(A--B--C--D--E--cycle,linewidth(.8pt));
draw(E--rotate(60,D)*E--D--rotate(60,C)*D--C--rotate(60,B)*C--B--rotate(60,A)*B--A--rotate(60,E)*A--cycle,linetype("4 4"));
label("$A$",A,SE);
label("$B$",B,SW);
label("$C$",C,WNW);
label("$D$",D,N);
label("$E$",E,ENE);[/asy]$ \textbf{(A)}\ 1 \qquad
\textbf{(B)}\ 2 \qquad
\textbf{(C)}\ 3 \qquad
\textbf{(D)}\ 4 \qquad
\textbf{(E)}\ 5$
2005 Croatia National Olympiad, 1
Let $a \not = 0, b, c$ be real numbers. If $x_{1}$ is a root of the equation $ax^{2}+bx+c = 0$ and $x_{2}$ a root of $-ax^{2}+bx+c = 0$, show that there is a root $x_{3}$ of $\frac{a}{2}\cdot x^{2}+bx+c = 0$ between $x_{1}$ and $x_{2}$.
1983 Brazil National Olympiad, 3
Show that $1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + ... + 1/n$ is not an integer for $n > 1$.
2008 ITest, 65
Just as the twins finish their masterpiece of symbol art, Wendy comes along. Wendy is impressed by the explanation Alexis and Joshua give her as to how they knew they drew every row exactly once. Wendy puts them both to the test. "Suppose the two of you draw symbols as you have before, stars in pairs and boxes in threes." Wendy continues, "Now, suppose that I draw circles with X's in the middle." Wendy shows them examples of such rows:
\[\begin{array}{ccccccccccccccc} \vspace{10pt}*&*&*&*&\otimes&*&*&\otimes&*&*&*&*&\blacksquare&\blacksquare&\blacksquare\\\vspace{10pt}\blacksquare&\blacksquare&\blacksquare&*&*&*&*&\otimes&*&*&\otimes&*&*&*&*\\\vspace{10pt}\otimes&\blacksquare&\blacksquare&\blacksquare&\otimes&\otimes&*&*&\otimes&*&*&\otimes&\blacksquare&\blacksquare&\blacksquare \end{array}\]
"Again we count both the first two rows, which are mirror images of one another, but we only count a row that is its own mirror image. $\textit{Now}$ how man rows of $15$ symbols are possible?"
Though it takes the twins some time, they eventually come up with an answer they agree on. Wendy confirms that they are correct. How many rows did the twins find are possible using all three symbols as described?
2006 Stanford Mathematics Tournament, 20
Given a random string of 33 bits (0 or 1), how many (they can overlap) occurrences of two consecutive 0's would you expect? (i.e. "100101" has 1 occurrence, "0001" has 2 occurrences)
2024 India IMOTC, 7
Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with $AB<AC$, incentre $I$, and let $M$ be the midpoint of major arc $BAC$. Suppose the perpendicular line from $A$ to segment $BC$ meets lines $BI$, $CI$, and $MI$ at points $P$, $Q$, and $K$ respectively. Prove that the $A-$median line in $\triangle AIK$ passes through the circumcentre of $\triangle PIQ$.
[i]Proposed by Pranjal Srivastava and Rohan Goyal[/i]
2020 Jozsef Wildt International Math Competition, W27
Let
$$P(x)=a_0x^n+a_1x^{n-1}+\ldots+a_n$$
where $a_0,\ldots,a_n$ are integers. Show that if $P$ takes the value $2020$ for four distinct integral values of $x$, then $P$ cannot take the value $2001$ for any integral value of $x$.
[i]Proposed by Ángel Plaza[/i]
2016 ASDAN Math Tournament, 16
Let the notation $\underline{ABC}$ denote the number compromised of the digits $A$, $B$, and $C$ with $0\leq A,B,C\leq9$. That is, $\underline{ABC}=100A+10B+C$ and $\underline{CCAAC}=10000C+1000C+100A+10A+C$. Now, if $(\underline{ABC})^2=\underline{CCAAC}$, where $A$, $B$, and $C$ are distinct nonzero digits, find the $3$ digit number $\underline{ABC}$.
2004 ITAMO, 3
(a) Is $2005^{2004}$ the sum of two perfect squares?
(b) Is $2004^{2005}$ the sum of two perfect squares?
2021 Cono Sur Olympiad, 6
Let $ABC$ be a scalene triangle with circle $\Gamma$. Let $P,Q,R,S$ distinct points on the $BC$ side, in that order, such that $\angle BAP = \angle CAS$ and $\angle BAQ = \angle CAR$. Let $U, V, W, Z$ be the intersections, distinct from $A$, of the $AP, AQ, AR$ and $AS$ with $\Gamma$, respectively. Let $X = UQ \cap SW$, $Y = PV \cap ZR$, $T = UR \cap VS$ and $K = PW \cap ZQ$. Suppose that the points $M$ and $N$ are well determined, such that $M = KX \cap TY$ and $N = TX \cap KY$. Show that $M, N, A$ are collinear.
2011 Swedish Mathematical Competition, 6
How many functions $f:\mathbb N \to \mathbb N$ are there such that $f(0)=2011$, $f(1) = 111$, and
$$f\left(\max \{x + y + 2, xy\}\right) = \min \{f (x + y), f (xy + 2)\}$$
for all non-negative integers $x$, $y$?