Found problems: 50
Let $ a\in (1,\infty) $ and a countinuous function $ f:[0,\infty)\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} $ having the property:
$$ \lim_{x\to \infty} xf(x)\in\mathbb{R} . $$
[b]a)[/b] Show that the integral $ \int_1^{\infty} \frac{f(x)}{x}dx $ and the limit $ \lim_{t\to\infty} t\int_{1}^a f\left( x^t \right) dx $ both exist, are finite and equal.
[b]b)[/b] Calculate $ \lim_{t\to \infty} t\int_1^a \frac{dx}{1+x^t} . $
Find all values of $n\in\mathbb{N}^*$ for which \[I_n:=\int_0^\pi\cos(x)\cdot\cos(2x)\cdot\ldots\cdot\cos(nx) \ dx=0.\]
Let $ f:\mathbb{R}\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} $ be a countinuous and periodic function, of period $ T. $ If $ F $ is a primitive of $ f, $ show that:
[b]a)[/b] the function $ G:\mathbb{R}\longrightarrow\mathbb{R}, G(x)=F(x)-\frac{x}{T}\int_0^T f(t)dt $ is periodic.
[b]b)[/b] $ \lim_{n\to\infty}\sum_{i=1}^n\frac{F(i)}{n^2+i^2} =\frac{\ln 2}{2T}\int_0^T f(x)dx. $
Find some antiderivative of the function $y = 1/x^3$, the graph of which has exactly three common points with the graph of the function $y = |x|$.
Find all continuous functions $f:\left[0,1\right]\rightarrow[0,\infty)$ such that:
$\int_{0}^{1}f\left(x\right)dx\cdotp\int_{0}^{1}f^{2}\left(x\right)dx\cdotp...\cdotp\int_{0}^{1}f^{2020}\left(x\right)dx=\left(\int_{0}^{1}f^{2021}\left(x\right)dx\right)^{1010}$
Let $ f:[0,\infty )\longrightarrow [0,\infty ) $ a nonincreasing function that satisfies the inequality:
$$ \int_0^x f(t)dt <1,\quad\forall x\ge 0. $$ Prove the following affirmations:
[b]a)[/b] $ \exists \lim_{x\to\infty} \int_0^x f(t)dt \in\mathbb{R} . $
[b]b)[/b] $ \lim_{x\to\infty} xf(x) =0. $
Given the function $f(x) = x^2$, the sector of $f$ from $a$ to $b$ is defined as the limited region between the
graph of $y = f(x)$ and the straight line segment that joins the points $(a, f(a))$ and $(b, f(b))$. Define the
increasing sequence $x_0$, $x_1, \cdots$ with $x_0 = 0$ and $x_1 = 1$, such that the area of the sector of $f$ from $x_n$ to $x_{n+1}$ is constant for $n \geq 0$. Determine the value of $x_n$ in function of $n$.
Let $ a,b\in (0,1) $ and a continuous function $ f:[0,1]\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} $ with the property that
$$ \int_0^x f(t)dt=\int_0^{ax} f(t)dt +\int_0^{bx} f(t)dt,\quad\forall x\in [0,1] . $$
[b]a)[/b] Show that if $ a+b<1, $ then $ f=0. $
[b]b)[/b] Show that if $ a+b=1, $ then $ f $ is constant.
Let $f:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}$ be a continuous function. Prove that \[\lim_{n\to\infty}\int_0^1 f(x^n) \ dx=f(0).\]Furthermore, if $f(0)=0$ and $f$ is right-differentiable in $0{}$, prove that the limits \[\lim_{\varepsilon\to0}\int_\varepsilon^1\frac{f(x)}{x} \ dx\quad\text{and}\quad\lim_{n\to\infty}\left(n\int_0^1f(x^n) \ dx\right)\]exist, are finite and are equal.
Let $ f:[0,1]\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} $ be a countinuous function such that
$$ \int_0^1 f(x)dx=\int_0^1 xf(x)dx. $$
Show that there is a $ c\in (0,1) $ such that $ f(c)=\int_0^c f(x)dx. $
Let $a$ be a real number, $a>1.$ Find the real numbers $b \ge 1$ such that $$\lim_{x \to \infty} \int\limits_0^x (1+t^a)^{-b} \mathrm{d}t=1.$$
Let $f:[0,\infty)\to\mathbb{R}$ be a differentiable function, with a continous derivative. Given that $f(0)=0$ and $0\leqslant f'(x)\leqslant 1$ for every $x>0$ prove that\[\frac{1}{n+1}\int_0^af(t)^{2n+1}\mathrm{d}t\leqslant\left(\int_0^af(t)^n\mathrm{d}t\right)^2,\]for any positive integer $n{}$ and real number $a>0.$
Let $I\subseteq \mathbb{R}$ be an open interval and $f:I\to\mathbb{R}$ a strictly monotonous function. Prove that for all $c\in I$ there exist $a,b\in I$ such that $c\in (a,b)$ and \[\int_a^bf(x) \ dx=f(c)\cdot (b-a).\]
Let be two distinct continuous functions $ f,g:[0,1]\longrightarrow (0,\infty ) $ corelated by the equality $ \int_0^1 f(x)dx =\int_0^1 g(x)dx , $ and define the sequence $ \left( x_n \right)_{n\ge 0} $ as
$$ x_n=\int_0^1 \frac{\left( f(x) \right)^{n+1}}{\left( g(x) \right)^n} dx . $$
[b]a)[/b] Show that $ \infty =\lim_{n\to\infty} x_n. $
[b]b)[/b] Demonstrate that the sequence $ \left( x_n \right)_{n\ge 0} $ is monotone.
If $f$ and $g$ are continuous and periodic functions with period $1$ on the real line, then
$$\lim_{n\to \infty} \int_{0}^{1} f(x)g (nx)\; dx =\left( \int_{0}^{1} f(x)\; dx\right)\left( \int_{0}^{1} g(x)\; dx\right).$$
Let $a>1$ and $b>1$ be rational numbers. Denote by $\mathcal{F}_{a,b}$ the set of functions $f:[0,\infty)\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ such that $$f(ax)=bf(x), \text{ for all }x\geq 0.$$
a) Prove that the set $\mathcal{F}_{a,b}$ contains both Riemann integrable functions on any interval and functions that are not Riemann integrable on any interval.
b) If $f\in\mathcal{F}_{a,b}$ is Riemann integrable on $[0,\infty)$ and $\int_{\frac{1}{a}}^{a}f(x)dx=1$, calculate $$\int_a^{a^2} f(x)dx\text{ and }\int_0^1 f(x)dx.$$
[i]Vasile Pop[/i]
Let $ F $ be the primitive of a continuous function $ f:\mathbb{R}\longrightarrow (0,\infty ), $ with $ F(0)=0. $
Determine for which values of $ \lambda \in (0,1) $ the function $ \left( F^{-1}\circ \lambda F \right)/\text{id.} $ has limit at $ 0, $ and calculate it.
(a) On $[0, 1]$, let $f(x)$ have a continuous derivative satisfying $0 <f'(x) \leq1$. Also suppose that $f(0) = 0.$ Prove that
$$ \left( \int_{0}^{1} f(x)\; dx \right)^{2} \geq \int_{0}^{1} f(x)^{3}\; dx.$$
(b) Show an example in which equality occurs.
[b]a)[/b] $ \lim_{n\to\infty } \frac{1}{n^2}\sum_{i=0}^n\sqrt{\binom{n+i}{2}} $
[b]b)[/b] $ \lim_{n\to\infty } \frac{a^{H_n}}{1+n} ,\quad a>0 $
Evaluate the integrals as follows.
(1) $\int \frac{x^2}{2-x}\ dx$
(2) $\int \sqrt[3]{x^5+x^3}\ dx$
(3) $\int_0^1 (1-x)\cos \pi x\ dx$
Show that if $\lambda > \frac{1}{2}$ there does not exist a real-valued function $u(x)$ such that for all $x$ in the closed interval $[0,1]$ the following holds:
$$u(x)= 1+ \lambda \int_{x}^{1} u(y) u(y-x) \; dy.$$
Consider the continuous functions $ f:[0,\infty )\longrightarrow\mathbb{R}, g: [0,1]\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} , $ where $
f $ has a finite limit at $ \infty . $ Show that:
$$ \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{1}{n}\int_0^n f(x) g\left( \frac{x}{n} \right) dx =\int_0^1 g(x)dx\cdot\lim_{x\to\infty} f(x) . $$
Determine all the pairs of positive real numbers $(a, b)$ with $a < b$ such that the following series $$\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \int_a^b\{x\}^k dx =\int_a^b\{x\} dx + \int_a^b\{x\}^2 dx + \int_a^b\{x\}^3 dx + \cdots$$ is convergent and determine its value in function of $a$ and $b$.
[b]Note: [/b] $\{x\} = x - \lfloor x \rfloor$ denotes the fractional part of $x$.
Prove the rationality of the number $ \frac{1}{\pi }\int_{\sin\frac{\pi }{13}}^{\cos\frac{\pi }{13}} \sqrt{1-x^2} dx. $
$M$ is a postive real and $f:[0,\infty)\to[0,M]$ is a continuous function such that
$$\int_0^\infty (1+x)f(x) dx<\infty$$
Then, prove the following inequality.
$$\left(\int_0^\infty f(x) dx \right)^2 \leq 4M \int_0^\infty x f(x) dx$$
(@below, Thank you. I fixed.)