Found problems: 85335
A point $O$ lies inside $\triangle ABC$ so that $\angle BOC=90-\angle BAC$. Let $BO, CO$ meet $AC, AB$ at $K, L$. Points $K_1, L_1$ lie on the segments $CL, BK$ so that $K_1B=K_1K$ and $L_1C=L_1L$. If $M$ is the midpoint of $BC$, then prove that $\angle K_1ML_1=90^{o}$.
[i]Proposed by Anton Trygub[/i]
(A.Myakishev, 9--11) Given triangle $ ABC$ and a ruler with two marked intervals equal to $ AC$ and $ BC$. By this ruler only, find the incenter of the triangle formed by medial lines of triangle $ ABC$.
Let $S$ be the set of the first $2018$ positive integers, and let $T$ be the set of all distinct numbers of the form $ab$, where $a$ and $b$ are distinct members of $S$. What is the $2018$th smallest member of $T$?
[i]2018 CCA Math Bonanza Lightning Round #2.1[/i]
Define a colouring in tha plane the following way:
- we pick a positive integer $m$;
- let $K_{1}$, $K_{2}$, ..., $K_{m}$ be different circles with nonzero radii such that $K_{i}\subset K_{j}$ or $K_{j}\subset K_{i}$ if $i \neq j$;
- the points in the plane that lie outside an arbitrary circle (one that is amongst the circles we pick) are coloured differently than the points that lie inside the circle.
There are $2019$ points in the plane such that any $3$ of them are not collinear. Determine the maximum number of colours which we can use to colour the given points.
Determine all real solutions $(a_1,...,a_n)$ of the following system of equations:
$$\begin{cases}a_3 = a_2 + a_1\\
a_4 = a_3 + a_2\\
...\\
a_n = a_{n-1} + a_{n-2}\\
a_1= a_n +a_{n-1} \\
a_2 = a_1 + a_n \end{cases}$$
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $\displaystyle{AB<AC<BC}$ inscribed in circle $ \displaystyle{c(O,R)}$.The excircle $\displaystyle{(c_A)}$ has center $\displaystyle{I}$ and touches the sides $\displaystyle{BC,AC,AB}$ of the triangle $ABC$ at $\displaystyle{D,E,Z} $ respectively.$ \displaystyle{AI}$ cuts $\displaystyle{(c)}$ at point $M$ and the circumcircle $\displaystyle{(c_1)}$ of triangle $\displaystyle{AZE}$ cuts $\displaystyle{(c)}$ at $K$.The circumcircle $\displaystyle{(c_2)}$ of the triangle $\displaystyle{OKM}$ cuts $\displaystyle{(c_1)} $ at point $N$.Prove that the point of intersection of the lines $AN,KI$ lies on $ \displaystyle{(c)}$.
Consider a prism, not necessarily right, whose base is a rhombus $ABCD$ with side $AB = 5$ and diagonal $AC = 8$. A sphere of radius $r$ is tangent to the plane $ABCD$ at $C$ and tangent to the edges $AA_1$ , $BB _1$ and $DD_ 1$ of the prism. Calculate $r$ .
Construct the midpoint of a segment using an unmarked ruler and a [i]trisector[/i] that marks in a segment the two points that divide the segment in three equal parts.
Let $a, b, c, d \ge 0$ such that $a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = 4$. Prove that $$\frac{a + b + c + d}{2} \ge 1 + \sqrt{abcd}$$ When does the equality hold?
Leonard Giugiuc and Valmir B. Krasniqi
Determine all real numbers $x$ for which $1+\frac{x}{2} -\frac{x^2}{8} \le \sqrt{1+x} \le 1+\frac{x}{2}$
Let $P(x) = x^{2022} + x^{1011} + 1$. Which of the following polynomials divides $P(x)$?
$\textbf{(A)}~x^2 - x + 1\qquad\textbf{(B)}~x^2 + x + 1\qquad\textbf{(C)}~x^4 + 1\qquad\textbf{(D)}~x^6 - x^3 + 1\qquad\textbf{(E)}~x^6 + x^3 + 1$
Let $C_1$ and $C_2$ be two circles intersecting at $A $ and $B$. Let $S$ and $T $ be the centres of $C_1 $ and $C_2$, respectively. Let $P$ be a point on the segment $AB$ such that $ |AP|\ne |BP|$ and $P\ne A, P \ne B$. We draw a line perpendicular to $SP$ through $P$ and denote by $C$ and $D$ the points at which this line intersects $C_1$. We likewise draw a line perpendicular to $TP$ through $P$ and denote by $E$ and F the points at which this line intersects $C_2$. Show that $C, D, E,$ and $F$ are the vertices of a rectangle.
Find the smallest value of the expression $(x-1) (x -2) (x -3) (x - 4) + 10$.
If reals $a,b,c$ satisfy $a^2+b^2+c^2=3$ then prove that $|a|+|b|+|c|-abc\leq4$.
Let $(a_n)_{n\ge 1}$ be a sequence of positive numbers. If there is a constant $M > 0$ such that $a_2^2 + a_2^2 +\ldots + a_n^2 < Ma_{n+1}^2$ for all $n$, then prove that there is a constant $M ' > 0$ such that $a_1 + a_2 +\ldots + a_n < M ' a_{n+1}$ .
In acute triangle $ABC$, let $H$ denote its orthocenter and let $D$ be a point on side $BC$. Let $P$ be the point so that $ADPH$ is a parallelogram. Prove that $\angle DCP<\angle BHP$.
Let $ABC$ be a triangle and let $P$ be an interior point of $ABC$. We assume that a line $l$, which passes through $P$, but not through $A$, intersects $AB$ and $AC$ (or their extensions over $B$ or $C$) at $Q$ and $R$, respectively. Find $l$ such that the perimeter of the triangle $AQR$ is as small as possible.
If $n,p,q \in \mathbb{N}, p<q $ then $${{(p+q)n}\choose{n}} \sum \limits_{k=0}^n (-1)^k {{n}\choose{k}} {{(p+q-1)n}\choose{pn-k}}= {{(p+q)n}\choose{pn}} \sum \limits_{k=0}^{\left [\frac{n}{2} \right ]} (-1)^k {{pn}\choose{k}} {{(q-p)n}\choose{n-2k}} $$
Let $\theta$ and $p(p<1)$ ) be nonnegative real numbers.
Suppose that $f:X\to Y$ is mapping with $f(0)=0$ and $$\left |\left| 2f\left (\frac{x+y}{2}\right )-f(x)-f(y) \right |\right|_Y \leq \theta\left (\left |\left |x\right |\right |_X^p +\left |\left |y\right |\right |_X^p \right )$$ for all $x$, $y\in \mathbb{Z}$ with $x\perp y$ where $X$ is an orthogonality space and $Y$ is a real Banach space.
Prove that there exists a unique orthogonally Jensen additive mapping $T:X\to Y$, namely a mapping $T$ that satisfies the so-called orthogonally Jensen additive functional equation $$2f\left (\frac{x+y}{2}\right )=f(x)+f(y)$$for all $x$, $y\in \mathbb{X}$ with $x\perp y$, satisfying the property $$\left |\left|f(x)-T(x) \right |\right|_Y \leq \frac{2^p\theta}{2-2^p}\left |\left |x\right |\right |_X^p$$ for all $x\in X$
Let $\vartriangle ABC$be a triangle and let $\Gamma$ its circumscribed circle. Let $M$ be the midpoint of the side $BC$ and let $D$ be the point of intersection of the line $AM$ with $\Gamma$. By $D$ a straight line is drawn parallel to $BC$, which intersects $\Gamma$ at a point $E$. Let $N$ be the midpoint of the segment $AE$ and let $P$ be the point of intersection of $CN$ with $AM$. Show that $AP = PC$.
Let $ABC$ be an isosceles triangle with $AC = BC$ and circumcircle $k$. The point $D$ lies on the shorter arc of $k$ over the chord $BC$ and is different from $B$ and $C$. Let $E$ denote the intersection of $CD$ and $AB$. Prove that the line through $B$ and $C$ is a tangent of the circumcircle of the triangle $BDE$.
(Karl Czakler)
Find $x$ so that $2^{2^{3^{2^{2}}}} = 4^{4^{x}}$.
Let $n$ be an even positive integer. On a board n real numbers are written. In a single move we can erase any two numbers from the board and replace each of them with their product. Prove that for every $n$ initial numbers one can in finite number of moves obtain $n$ equal numbers on the board.
A circle of radius 2 is centered at $ O$. Square $ OABC$ has side length 1. Sides $ \overline{AB}$ and $ \overline{CB}$ are extended past $ b$ to meet the circle at $ D$ and $ E$, respectively. What is the area of the shaded region in the figure, which is bounded by $ \overline{BD}$, $ \overline{BE}$, and the minor arc connecting $ D$ and $ E$?
[asy]
defaultpen(linewidth(0.8));
pair O=origin, A=(1,0), C=(0,1), B=(1,1), D=(1, sqrt(3)), E=(sqrt(3), 1), point=B;
fill(Arc(O, 2, 0, 90)--O--cycle, mediumgray);
clip(B--Arc(O, 2, 30, 60)--cycle);
draw(Circle(origin, 2));
draw((-2,0)--(2,0)^^(0,-2)--(0,2));
draw(A--D^^C--E);
label("$A$", A, dir(point--A));
label("$C$", C, dir(point--C));
label("$O$", O, dir(point--O));
label("$D$", D, dir(point--D));
label("$E$", E, dir(point--E));
label("$B$", B, SW);[/asy]
$ \textbf{(A) } \frac {\pi}3 \plus{} 1 \minus{} \sqrt {3} \qquad \textbf{(B) } \frac {\pi}2\left( 2 \minus{} \sqrt {3}\right) \qquad \textbf{(C) } \pi\left(2 \minus{} \sqrt {3}\right) \qquad \textbf{(D) } \frac {\pi}{6} \plus{} \frac {\sqrt {3} \minus{} 1}{2} \\
\qquad \indent \textbf{(E) } \frac {\pi}{3} \minus{} 1 \plus{} \sqrt {3}$
One bird lives in each of $n$ bird-nests in a forest. The birds change nests, so that after the change there is again one bird in each nest. Also for any birds $A, B, C, D$ (not necessarily distinct), if the distance $AB < CD$ before the change, then $AB > CD$ after the change. Find all possible values of $n$.