Let $ W$ be a dense, open subset of the real line $ \mathbb{R}$. Show that the following two statements are equivalent: (1) Every function $ f : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ continuous at all points of $ \mathbb{R} \setminus W$ and nondecreasing on every open interval contained in $ W$ is nondecreasing on the whole $ \mathbb{R}$. (2) $ \mathbb{R} \setminus W$ is countable. [i]E. Gesztelyi[/i]

$I$ is incenter of $\triangle{ABC}$. The incircle touches $BC,CA,AB$ at $D,E,F$, respectively . Let $M,N,K=BI,CI,DI \cap EF$ respectively and $BN\cap CM=P,AK\cap BC=G$. Point $Q$ is intersection of the perpendicular line to $PG$ through $I$ and the perpendicular line to $PB$ through $P$. Prove that $BI$ bisect segment $PQ$.

In a class of $12$ students, no two people are the same height. Compute the total number of ways for the students to arrange themselves in a line such that: [list] [*] for all $1 < i < 12$, the person in the $i$-th position (with the leftmost position being $1$) is taller than exactly $i\pmod 3$ of their adjacent neighbors, and [*] the students standing at positions which are multiples of $3$ are strictly increasing in height from left to right. [/list] [i]Proposed by Nancy Kuang[/i]

The roots of the equation $ x^2 \minus{} 2x \equal{} 0$ can be obtained graphically by finding the abscissas of the points of intersection of each of the following pairs of equations except the pair: $ \textbf{(A)}\ y \equal{} x^2, y \equal{} 2x \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ y \equal{} x^2 \minus{} 2x, y \equal{} 0 \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ y \equal{} x, y \equal{} x \minus{} 2$ $ \textbf{(D)}\ y \equal{} x^2 \minus{} 2x \plus{} 1, y \equal{} 1 \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ y \equal{} x^2 \minus{} 1, y \equal{} 2x \minus{} 1$ [i][Note: Abscissas means x-coordinate.][/i]

[i]25 problems for 30 minutes[/i] [b]p1.[/b] Somya has a football game $4$ days from today. If the day before yesterday was Wednesday, what day of the week is the game? [b]p2.[/b] Sammy writes the following equation: $$\frac{2 + 2}{8 + 8}=\frac{x}{8}.$$ What is the value of $x$ in Sammy's equation? [b]p3.[/b] On $\pi$ day, Peter buys $7$ pies. The pies costed $\$3$, $\$1$, $\$4$, $\$1$, $\$5$, $\$9$, and $\$2$. What was the median price of Peter's $7$ pies in dollars? [b]p4.[/b] Antonio draws a line on the coordinate plane. If the line passes through the points ($1, 3$) and ($-1,-1$), what is slope of the line? [b]p5.[/b] Professor Varun has $25$ students in his science class. He divides his students into the maximum possible number of groups of $4$, but $x$ students are left over. What is $x$? [b]p6.[/b] Evaluate the following: $$4 \times 5 \div 6 \times 3 \div \frac47$$ [b]p7.[/b] Jonny, a geometry expert, draws many rectangles with perimeter $16$. What is the area of the largest possible rectangle he can draw? [b]p8.[/b] David always drives at $60$ miles per hour. Today, he begins his trip to MIT by driving $60$ miles. He stops to take a $20$ minute lunch break and then drives for another $30$ miles to reach the campus. What is the total time in minutes he spends getting to MIT? [b]p9.[/b] Richard has $5$ hats: blue, green, orange, red, and purple. Richard also has 5 shirts of the same colors: blue, green, orange, red, and purple. If Richard needs a shirt and a hat of different colors, how many outts can he wear? [b]p10.[/b] Poonam has $9$ numbers in her bag: $1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9$. Eric runs by with the number $36$. How many of Poonam's numbers evenly divide Eric's number? [b]p11.[/b] Serena drives at $45$ miles per hour. If her car runs at $6$ miles per gallon, and each gallon of gas costs $2$ dollars, how many dollars does she spend on gas for a $135$ mile trip? [b]p12.[/b] Grace is thinking of two integers. Emmie observes that the sum of the two numbers is $56$ but the difference of the two numbers is $30$. What is the sum of the squares of Grace's two numbers? [b]p13.[/b] Chang stands at the point ($3,-3$). Fang stands at ($-3, 3$). Wang stands in-between Chang and Fang; Wang is twice as close to Fang as to Chang. What is the ordered pair that Wang stands at? [b]p14.[/b] Nithin has a right triangle. The longest side has length $37$ inches. If one of the shorter sides has length $12$ inches, what is the perimeter of the triangle in inches? [b]p15.[/b] Dora has $2$ red socks, $2$ blue socks, $2$ green socks, $2$ purple socks, $3$ black socks, and $4$ gray socks. After a long snowstorm, her family loses electricity. She picks socks one-by-one from the drawer in the dark. How many socks does she have to pick to guarantee a pair of socks that are the same color? [b]p16.[/b] Justin selects a random positive $2$-digit integer. What is the probability that the sum of the two digits of Justin's number equals $11$? [b]p17.[/b] Eddie correctly computes $1! + 2! + .. + 9! + 10!$. What is the remainder when Eddie's sum is divided by $80$? [b]p18.[/b] $\vartriangle PQR$ is drawn such that the distance from $P$ to $\overline{QR}$ is $3$, the distance from $Q$ to $\overline{PR}$ is $4$, and the distance from $R$ to $\overline{PQ}$ is $5$. The angle bisector of $\angle PQR$ and the angle bisector of $\angle PRQ$ intersect at $I$. What is the distance from $I$ to $\overline{PR}$? [b]p19.[/b] Maxwell graphs the quadrilateral $|x - 2| + |y + 2| = 6$. What is the area of the quadrilateral? [b]p20.[/b] Uncle Gowri hits a speed bump on his way to the hospital. At the hospital, patients who get a rare disease are given the option to choose treatment $A$ or treatment $B$. Treatment $A$ will cure the disease $\frac34$ of the time, but since the treatment is more expensive, only $\frac{8}{25}$ of the patients will choose this treatment. Treatment $B$ will only cure the disease $\frac{1}{2}$ of the time, but since it is much more aordable, $\frac{17}{25}$ of the patients will end up selecting this treatment. Given that a patient was cured, what is the probability that the patient selected treatment $A$? [b]p21.[/b] In convex quadrilateral $ABCD$, $AC = 28$ and $BD = 15$. Let $P, Q, R, S$ be the midpoints of $AB$, $BC$, $CD$ and $AD$ respectively. Compute $PR^2 + QS^2$. [b]p22.[/b] Charlotte writes the polynomial $p(x) = x^{24} - 6x + 5$. Let its roots be $r_1$, $r_2$, $...$, $r_{24}$. Compute $r^{24}_1 +r^{24}_2 + r^{24}_3 + ... + r^{24}_24$. [b]p23.[/b] In rectangle $ABCD$, $AB = 6$ and $BC = 4$. Let $E$ be a point on $CD$, and let $F$ be the point on $AB$ which lies on the bisector of $\angle BED$. If $FD^2 + EF^2 = 52$, what is the length of $BE$? [b]p24.[/b] In $\vartriangle ABC$, the measure of $\angle A$ is $60^o$ and the measure of $\angle B$ is $45^o$. Let $O$ be the center of the circle that circumscribes $\vartriangle ABC$. Let $I$ be the center of the circle that is inscribed in $\vartriangle ABC$. Finally, let $H$ be the intersection of the $3$ altitudes of the triangle. What is the angle measure of $\angle OIH$ in degrees? [b]p25.[/b] Kaitlyn fully expands the polynomial $(x^2 + x + 1)^{2018}$. How many of the coecients are not divisible by $3$? PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].

Let $1\leq a_1 < a_2 <... < a_{2n} \leq 4n-2$ be integers, such that their sum is even. Prove that for all sufficiently large n, there exist $\varepsilon_1 , ..., \varepsilon_{2n} = \pm1$ such that $$\sum\varepsilon_i = \sum\varepsilon_i a_i = 0$$

Let $m \in {\mathbb R}$ and $$x^2+(m-4)x+(m^2-3m+3)=0$$ equations roots are $x_1$ and $x_2$ and $x_1^2+x_2^2=6$. Find all $m$ values.

Let $ABCD$ be a parallelogram. Let $X \notin AC $ lie inside $ABCD$ so that $\angle AXB = \angle CXD = 90^ {\circ}$ and $\Omega$ denote the circumcircle of $AXC$. Consider a diameter $EF$ of $\Omega$ and assume neither $E, \ X, \ B$ nor $F, \ X, \ D$ are collinear. Let $K \neq X$ be an intersection point of circumcircles of $BXE$ and $DXF$ and $L \neq X$ be such point on $\Omega$ so that $\angle KXL = 90^{\circ}$. Prove that $AB = KL$.

Find all two digit numbers $ \overline{AB}$ such that $ \overline{AB}$ divides $ \overline{A0B}$.

Mrs. Walter gave an exam in a mathematics class of five students. She entered the scores in random order into a spreadsheet, which recalculated the class average after each score was entered. Mrs. Walter noticed that after each score was entered, the average was always an integer. The scores (listed in ascending order) were $71$, $76$, $80$, $82$, and $91$. What was the last score Mrs. Walter entered? $\text{(A)}\ 71 \qquad\text{(B)}\ 76 \qquad\text{(C)}\ 80 \qquad\text{(D)}\ 82 \qquad\text{(E)}\ 91$

If $\sqrt{2 + \sqrt{x}} = 3$, then $x =$ $\textbf{(A)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \sqrt{7} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 7 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 49 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 121$

In a certain language there are $n$ letters. A sequence of letters is a word, if there are no two equal letters between two other equal letters. Find the number of words of the maximum length.

Suppose that every positve integer has been given one of the colors red, blue,arbitrarily. Prove that there exists an infinite sequence of positive integers $ a_{1} < a_{2} < a_{3} < \cdots < a_{n} < \cdots,$ such that inifinite sequence of positive integers $ a_{1},\frac {a_{1} \plus{} a_{2}}{2},a_{2},\frac {a_{2} \plus{} a_{3}}{2},a_{3},\frac {a_{3} \plus{} a_{4}}{2},\cdots$ has the same color.

A circle is inscribed in the trapezoid [i]ABCD[/i]. Let [i]K, L, M, N[/i] be the points of tangency of this circle with the diagonals [i]AC[/i] and [i]BD[/i], respectively ([i]K[/i] is between [i]A[/i] and [i]L[/i], and [i]M[/i] is between [i]B[/i] and [i]N[/i]). Given that $AK\cdot LC=16$ and $BM\cdot ND=\frac94$, find the radius of the circle. [color=red][Moderator edit: A solution of this problem can be found on http://www.ajorza.org/math/mathfiles/scans/belarus.pdf , page 20 (the statement of the problem is on page 6). The author of the problem is I. Voronovich.][/color]

Answer the following questions : $\textbf{(a)}$ Find all real solutions of the equation $$\Big(x^2-2x\Big)^{x^2+x-6}=1$$ Explain why your solutions are the only solutions. $\textbf{(b)}$ The following expression is a rational number. Find its value. $$\sqrt[3]{6\sqrt{3}+10} -\sqrt[3]{6\sqrt{3}-10}$$

Let $p$ be a prime number and let $m, n$ be integers greater than $1$ such that $n | m^{p(n-1)} - 1$. Prove that $gcd(m^{n-1} - 1, n) > 1$.