Found problems: 4776
Find all functions $f:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R$ such that $$f\left( x^2+xf(y)\right)=xf(x+y)$$ for all reals $x,y$.
For every positive integer $N\geq 2$ with prime factorisation $N=p_1^{a_1}p_2^{a_2}\cdots p_k^{a_k}$ we define \[f(N):=1+p_1a_1+p_2a_2+\cdots+p_ka_k.\] Let $x_0\geq 2$ be a positive integer. We define the sequence $x_{n+1}=f(x_n)$ for all $n\geq 0.$ Prove that this sequence is eventually periodic and determine its fundamental period.
Find all continuous functions $f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ such that
\[(f(x)f(y)-1)f(x+y)=2f(x)f(y)-f(x)-f(y)\quad \forall x,y\in \mathbb{R}\]
Let $\mathbb{Z}$ denote the set of integers and $S \subset \mathbb{Z} $ be the set of integers that are at least $10^{100}$. Fix a positive integer $c$. Determine all functions $f: S \rightarrow \mathbb{Z} $ satisfying
$f(xy+c)=f(x)+f(y)$, for all $x,y \in S$
Number $a$ is such that $\forall a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4 \in \mathbb{R}$, there are integers $k_1, k_2, k_3, k_4$ such that $\sum_{1 \leq i < j \leq 4} ((a_i - k_i) - (a_j - k_j))^2 \leq a$. Find the minimum of $a$.
Find all integers $b$ such that there exists a positive real number $x$ with \[ \dfrac {1}{b} = \dfrac {1}{\lfloor 2x \rfloor} + \dfrac {1}{\lfloor 5x \rfloor} \] Here, $\lfloor y \rfloor$ denotes the greatest integer that is less than or equal to $y$.
Let $0 < a, b, c < 1$ with $ab + bc + ca = 1$. Prove that
\[\frac{a}{1-a^2} + \frac{b}{1-b^2} + \frac{c}{1-c^2} \geq \frac {3 \sqrt{3}}{2}.\]
Determine when equality holds.
Find all functions $f:(1,+\infty) \rightarrow (1,+\infty)$ that satisfy the following condition:
for arbitrary $x,y>1$ and $u,v>0$, inequality $f(x^uy^v)\le f(x)^{\dfrac{1}{4u}}f(y)^{\dfrac{1}{4v}}$ holds.
If $T$ and $T_1$ are two triangles with angles $x, y, z$ and $x_1, y_1, z_1$, respectively, prove the inequality
\[\frac{\cos x_1}{\sin x}+\frac{\cos y_1}{\sin y}+\frac{\cos z_1}{\sin z} \leq \cot x+\cot y+\cot z.\]
It is possible to choose $ x > \frac {2}{3}$ in such a way that the value of $ \log_{10}(x^2 \plus{} 3) \minus{} 2 \log_{10}x$ is
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \text{negative} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \text{zero} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \text{one}$
$ \textbf{(D)}\ \text{smaller than any positive number that might be specified}$
$ \textbf{(E)}\ \text{greater than any positive number that might be specified}$
What is the remainder when $2011^{(2011^{(2011^{(2011^{2011})})})}$ is divided by $19$ ?
$\textbf{(A)}\ 5 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 4 \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 3 \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 2 \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 1$
Evaluate $\int_1^4 \frac{x-2}{(x^2+4)\sqrt{x}}dx.$
Prove that, for a function $f \colon \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$, the following $2$ statements are equivalent:
a) $f$ is differentiable, with continuous first derivative.
b) For any $a\in\mathbb{R}$ and for any two sequences $(x_n)_{n\geq 1},(y_n)_{n\geq 1}$, convergent to $a$, such that $x_n \neq y_n$ for any positive integer $n$, the sequence $\left(\frac{f(x_n)-f(y_n)}{x_n-y_n}\right)_{n\geq 1}$ is convergent.
Let $ f, g: \mathbb {R} \to \mathbb {R} $ function such that $ f (x + g (y)) = - x + y + 1 $ for each pair of real numbers $ x $ e $ y $. What is the value of $ g (x + f (y) $?
If $k$ is a positive number and $f$ is a function such that, for every positive number $x$, \[\left[f(x^2+1)\right]^{\sqrt{x}}=k;\] then, for every positive number $y$, \[\left[f(\frac{9+y^2}{y^2})\right]^{\sqrt{\frac{12}{y}}}\] is equal to
$\textbf{(A) }\sqrt{k}\qquad\textbf{(B) }2k\qquad\textbf{(C) }k\sqrt{k}\qquad\textbf{(D) }k^2\qquad \textbf{(E) }y\sqrt{k}$
The sequence \[\log_{12}{162},\, \log_{12}{x},\, \log_{12}{y},\, \log_{12}{z},\, \log_{12}{1250}\] is an arithmetic progression. What is $x$?
$ \textbf{(A)} \ 125\sqrt{3} \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ 270 \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ 162\sqrt{5} \qquad \textbf{(D)} \ 434 \qquad \textbf{(E)} \ 225\sqrt{6}$
Let $a,b$ be the smaller sides of a right triangle. Let $c$ be the hypothenuse and $h$ be the altitude from the right angle. Fint the maximal value of $\frac{c+h}{a+b}$.
Let $A=\{1, 3, 5, 7, 9\}$ and $B=\{2, 4, 6, 8, 10\}$. Let $f$ be a randomly chosen function from the set $A\cup B$ into itself. There are relatively prime positive integers $m$ and $n$ such that $\frac{m}{n}$ is the probablity that $f$ is a one-to-one function on $A\cup B$ given that it maps $A$ one-to-one into $A\cup B$ and it maps $B$ one-to-one into $A\cup B$. Find $m+n$.
Find all functions $ f: \mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}\to \mathbb{Q}$ such that for all $ x,y \in \mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}$:
\[ f \left( \frac{x+y}{3}\right) =\frac{f(x)+f(y)}{2}, \; \; x, y \in \mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}\]
Evaluate
\[\int_{-\ln 2}^0\ \frac{dx}{\cos ^2 h x \cdot \sqrt{1-2a\tanh x +a^2}}\ (a>0)\]
Let $f:\mathbb{N}^*\rightarrow \mathbb{N}^*$ be a function such that $\frac{x^3+3x^2f(y)}{x+f(y)}+\frac{y^3+3y^2f(x)}{y+f(x)}=\frac{(x+y)^3}{f(x+y)},~(\forall)x,y\in\mathbb{N}^*.$
$a)$ Prove that $f(1)=1.$
$b)$ Find function $f.$
Let $\mathbb{N}_0$ and $\mathbb{Z}$ be the set of all non-negative integers and the set of all integers, respectively. Let $f:\mathbb{N}_0\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}$ be a function defined as
\[f(n)=-f\left(\left\lfloor\frac{n}{3}\right\rfloor \right)-3\left\{\frac{n}{3}\right\} \]
where $\lfloor x \rfloor$ is the greatest integer smaller than or equal to $x$ and $\{ x\}=x-\lfloor x \rfloor$. Find the smallest integer $n$ such that $f(n)=2010$.
Let $f : \mathbb{Z} \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}^+$ be a function, and define $h : \mathbb{Z} \times \mathbb{Z} \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}^+$ by $h(x, y) = \gcd (f(x), f(y))$. If $h(x, y)$ is a two-variable polynomial in $x$ and $y$, prove that it must be constant.
How many functions $\{f : 1,2, \cdots, 2013\} \rightarrow \{1,2, \cdots, 2013\}$ satisfy $f(j) < f(i) + j - i$ for all integers $i,j$ such that $1 \leq i < j \leq 2013$ ?
Let $S$ be the set of all positive integers that are [i]not[/i] perfect squares. For $n$ in $S,$ consider choices of integers $a_1,a_2,\dots, a_r$ such that $n<a_1<a_2<\cdots<a_r$ and $n\cdot a_1\cdot a_2\cdots a_r$ is a perfect square, and let $f(n)$ be the minimum of $a_r$ over all such choices. For example, $2\cdot 3\cdot 6$ is a perfect square, while $2\cdot 3,2\cdot 4, 2\cdot 5, 2\cdot 3\cdot 4,$ $2\cdot 3\cdot 5, 2\cdot 4\cdot 5,$ and $2\cdot 3\cdot 4\cdot 5$ are not, and so $f(2)=6.$ Show that the function $f$ from $S$ to the integers is one-to-one.