Ana and Bonita were born on the same date in different years, $n$ years apart. Last year Ana was $5$ times as old as Bonita. This year Ana's age is the square of Bonita's age. What is $n?$ $\textbf{(A) } 3 \qquad\textbf{(B) } 5 \qquad\textbf{(C) } 9 \qquad\textbf{(D) } 12 \qquad\textbf{(E) } 15$

Let $ABC$ be a triangle and $L$, $M$, $N$ be the midpoints of $BC$, $CA$ and $AB$, respectively. The tangent to the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $A$ intersects $LM$ and $LN$ at $P$ and $Q$, respectively. Show that $CP$ is parallel to $BQ$.

Is there an infinite sequence of real numbers $a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots$ such that \[a_1^m+a_2^m+a_3^m+\cdots=m\] for every positive integer $m?$

Let $ ABC $ be an acutangle triangle and $ D $ any point on the $ BC $ side. Let $ E $ be the symmetrical of $ D $ in $ AC $ and $ F $ is the symmetrical $ D $ relative to $ AB $. $ A $ straight $ ED $ intersects straight $ AB $ at $ G $, while straight $ F D $ intersects the line $ AC $ in $ H $. Prove that the points $ A, E, F, G$ and $ H $ are on the same circumference.

Consider the set $S$ of integers $k$ which are products of four distinct primes. Such an integer $k=p_1p_2p_3p_4$ has $16$ positive divisors $1=d_1<d_2<\ldots <d_{15}<d_{16}=k$. Find all elements of $S$ less than $2002$ such that $d_9-d_8=22$.

An $8 \times 8$ board is divided into unit squares. Ten of these squares have their centers marked. Prove that either there exist two marked points on the distance at most $\sqrt2$, or there is a point on the distance $1/2$ from the edge of the board.

The world-renowned Marxist theorist [i]Joric[/i] is obsessed with both mathematics and social egalitarianism. Therefore, for any decimal representation of a positive integer $n$, he tries to partition its digits into two groups, such that the difference between the sums of the digits in each group be as small as possible. Joric calls this difference the [i]defect[/i] of the number $n$. Determine the average value of the defect (over all positive integers), that is, if we denote by $\delta(n)$ the defect of $n$, compute \[\lim_{n \rightarrow \infty}\frac{\sum_{k = 1}^{n}\delta(k)}{n}.\] [i]Iurie Boreico[/i]

Find all ordered 4-tuples of integers $(a,b,c,d)$ (not necessarily distinct) satisfying the following system of equations: \begin{align*}a^2-b^2-c^2-d^2&=c-b-2\\2ab&=a-d-32\\2ac&=28-a-d\\2ad&=b+c+31.\end{align*}

Determine all pairs $(n, k)$ of distinct positive integers such that there exists a positive integer $s$ for which the number of divisors of $sn$ and of $sk$ are equal.

Let $ABCD$ be a rectangle. Circles $C_1$ and $C_2$ are externally tangent to each other. Furthermore, $C_1$ is tangent to $AB$ and $AD$, and $C_2$ is tangent to $CB$ and $CD$. If $AB = 18$ and $BC = 25$, then find the sum of the radii of the circles.

Let $\{x_n\}$ be a Van Der Corput series,that is,if the binary representation of $n$ is $\sum a_{i}2^{i}$ then $x_n=\sum a_i2^{-i-1}$.Let $V$ be the set of points on the plane that have the form $(n,x_n)$.Let $G$ be the graph with vertex set $V$ that is connecting any two points $(p,q)$ if there is a rectangle $R$ which lies in parallel position with the axes and $R\cap V= \{p,q\}$.Prove that the chromatic number of $G$ is finite.

For each real number $ x$< let $ \lfloor x \rfloor$ be the integer satisfying $ \lfloor x \rfloor \le x < \lfloor x \rfloor \plus{}1$ and let $ \{x\}\equal{}x\minus{}\lfloor x \rfloor$. Let $ c$ be a real number such that \[ \{n\sqrt{3}\}>\dfrac{c}{n\sqrt{3}}\] for all positive integers $ n$. Prove that $ c \le 1$.

Let $ABC$ be a scalene acute-angled triangle with its incenter $I$ and circumcircle $\Gamma$. Line $AI$ intersects $\Gamma$ for the second time at $M$. Let $N$ be the midpoint of $BC$ and $T$ be the point on $\Gamma$ such that $IN \perp MT$. Finally, let $P $ and $Q$ be the intersection points of $TB $ and $TC$, respectively, with the line perpendicular to $AI$ at $I$. Show that $PB = CQ$. [i]Proposed by Patrik Bak - Slovakia[/i]

Let $f : \{ 1, 2, 3, \dots \} \to \{ 2, 3, \dots \}$ be a function such that $f(m + n) | f(m) + f(n) $ for all pairs $m,n$ of positive integers. Prove that there exists a positive integer $c > 1$ which divides all values of $f$.

Let $f: (0,+\infty)\rightarrow (0,+\infty)$ be a function satisfying the following condition: for arbitrary positive real numbers $x$ and $y$, we have $f(xy)\le f(x)f(y)$. Show that for arbitrary positive real number $x$ and natural number $n$, inequality $f(x^n)\le f(x)f(x^2)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\dots f(x^n)^{\dfrac{1}{n}}$ holds.

In polar coordinates, the equation $\rho=\frac{1}{1-\cos\theta+\sin\theta}$ stands for a $\text{(A)}$circle $\text{(B)}$ellipse $\text{(C)}$hyperbola $\text{(D)}$parabola

Jenny and Kenny are walking in the same direction, Kenny at 3 feet per second and Jenny at 1 foot per second, on parallel paths that are 200 feet apart. A tall circular building 100 feet in diameter is centered midway between the paths. At the instant when the building first blocks the line of sight between Jenny and Kenny, they are 200 feet apart. Let $t$ be the amount of time, in seconds, before Jenny and Kenny can see each other again. If $t$ is written as a fraction in lowest terms, what is the sum of the numerator and denominator?

a) Let $ABC$ be a triangle and a point $I$ lies inside the triangle. Assume $\angle IBA > \angle ICA$ and $\angle IBC >\angle ICB$. Prove that, if extensions of $BI$, $CI$ intersect $AC$, $AB$ at $B'$, $C'$ respectively, then $BB' < CC'$. b) Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB < AC$ and angle bisector $AD$. Prove that for every point $I, J$ on the segment $[AD]$ and $I \ne J$, we always have $\angle JBI > \angle JCI$. c) Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB < AC$ and angle bisector $AD$. Choose $M, N$ on segments $CD$ and $BD$, respectively, such that $AD$ is the bisector of angle $\angle MAN$. On the segment $[AD]$ take an arbitrary point $I$ (other than $D$). The lines $BI$, $CI$ intersect $AM$, $AN$ at $B', C'$. Prove that $BB' < CC'$.

Figure 1 shows a road-map connecting 14 cities. Is there a path passing through each city exactly once?

Some boys and girls are having a car wash to raise money for a class trip to China. Initially $ 40 \%$ of the group are girls. Shortly thereafter two girls leave and two boys arrive, and then $ 30 \%$ of the group are girls. How many girls were initially in the group? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 4 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 6 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 8 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 10 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 12$

Initially, there are $111$ pieces of clay on the table of equal mass. In one turn, you can choose several groups of an equal number of pieces and push the pieces into one big piece for each group. What is the least number of turns after which you can end up with $11$ pieces no two of which have the same mass?

There are $85$ soldiers with different heigth and age. Every day commander chooses random soldier and send him and also all soldiers that are taller and older than this soldier, or all soldiers that are lower and younger than this soldier to color grass. Prove that after $10$ days we can find two soldiers, that color grass at same days.

Let $a$ be a non-zero real number. For each integer $n$, we define $S_n = a^n + a^{-n}$. Prove that if for some integer $k$, the sums $S_k$ and $S_{k+1}$ are integers, then the sums $S_n$ are integers for all integers $n$.

In the figure below, circle $O$ has two tangents, $\overline{AC}$ and $\overline{BC}$. $\overline{EF}$ is drawn tangent to circle $O$ such that $E$ is on $\overline{AC}$, $F$ is on $\overline{BC}$, and $\overline{EF} \perp \overline{FC}$. Given that the diameter of circle $O$ has length $10$ and that $CO = 13$, what is the area of triangle $EFC$? [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/b/d/4a1bc818a5e138ae61f1f3d68f6ee5adc1ed6f.png[/img]

It is necessary to construct an angle whose sine is three times greater than its cosine. Describe how this can be done.