Two right angled triangles are given, such that the incircle of the first one is equal to the circumcircle of the second one. Let $S$ (respectively $S'$) be the area of the first triangle (respectively of the second triangle). Prove that $\frac{S}{S'}\geq 3+2\sqrt{2}$.

A square of area $40$ is inscribed in a semicircle as shown. What is the area of the semicircle? [asy] defaultpen(linewidth(0.8)); real r=sqrt(50), s=sqrt(10); draw(Arc(origin, r, 0, 180)); draw((r,0)--(-r,0), dashed); draw((s,0)--(s,2*s)--(-s,2*s)--(-s,0));[/asy] $ \textbf{(A) }20\pi\qquad\textbf{(B) }25\pi\qquad\textbf{(C) }30\pi\qquad\textbf{(D) }40\pi\qquad\textbf{(E) }50\pi $

A cubical cake with edge length $ 2$ inches is iced on the sides and the top. It is cut vertically into three pieces as shown in this top view, where $ M$ is the midpoint of a top edge. The piece whose top is triangle $ B$ contains $ c$ cubic inches of cake and $ s$ square inches of icing. What is $ c\plus{}s$? [asy]unitsize(1cm); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(8pt)); draw((-1,-1)--(1,-1)--(1,1)--(-1,1)--cycle); draw((1,1)--(-1,0)); pair P=foot((1,-1),(1,1),(-1,0)); draw((1,-1)--P); draw(rightanglemark((-1,0),P,(1,-1),4)); label("$M$",(-1,0),W); label("$C$",(-0.1,-0.3)); label("$A$",(-0.4,0.7)); label("$B$",(0.7,0.4));[/asy]$ \textbf{(A)}\ \frac{24}{5} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{32}{5} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 8\plus{}\sqrt5 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 5\plus{}\frac{16\sqrt5}{5} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 10\plus{}5\sqrt5$

If the sum of the lengths of the six edges of a trirectangular tetrahedron $ PABC$ (i.e., $ \angle APB \equal{} \angle BPC \equal{} \angle CPA \equal{} 90^\circ$) is $ S$, determine its maximum volume.

In the accompanying figure, the outer square has side length 40. A second square S' of side length 15 is constructed inside S with the same center as S and with sides parallel to those of S. From each midpoint of a side of S, segments are drawn to the two closest vertices of S'. The result is a four-pointed starlike figure inscribed in S. The star figure is cut out and then folded to form a pyramid with base S'. Find the volume of this pyramid. [asy] draw((0,0)--(8,0)--(8,8)--(0,8)--(0,0)); draw((2.5,2.5)--(4,0)--(5.5,2.5)--(8,4)--(5.5,5.5)--(4,8)--(2.5,5.5)--(0,4)--(2.5,2.5)--(5.5,2.5)--(5.5,5.5)--(2.5,5.5)--(2.5,2.5)); [/asy]

Let $A, B$, and $C$ be three points on the edge of a circular chord such that $B$ is due west of $C$ and $ABC$ is an equilateral triangle whose side is $86$ meters long. A boy swam from $A$ directly toward $B$. After covering a distance of $x$ meters, he turned and swam westward, reaching the shore after covering a distance of $y$ meters. If $x$ and $y$ are both positive integers, determine $y.$

Point $B$ is on $\overline{AC}$ with $AB = 9$ and $BC = 21$. Point $D$ is not on $\overline{AC}$ so that $AD = CD$, and $AD$ and $BD$ are integers. Let $s$ be the sum of all possible perimeters of $\triangle ACD$. Find $s$.

A truncated cone has horizontal bases with radii $ 18$ and $ 2$. A sphere is tangent to the top, bottom, and lateral surface of the truncated cone. What is the radius of the sphere? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 6 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 4\sqrt5 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 9 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 10 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 6\sqrt3$

On a sheet divided into squares, each square measuring $2cm$, two circles are drawn such that both circles are inscribed in a square as in the figure below. Determine the minimum distance between the two circles.

The sides of the triangle $ABC$ satisfy the relation $c^2 = a^2 + b^2$. Show that angle $C$ is right.

A circle of radius $ 1$ is surrounded by $ 4$ circles of radius $ r$ as shown. What is $ r$? [asy]defaultpen(linewidth(.9pt)); real r = 1 + sqrt(2); pair A = dir(45)*(r + 1); pair B = dir(135)*(r + 1); pair C = dir(-135)*(r + 1); pair D = dir(-45)*(r + 1); draw(Circle(origin,1)); draw(Circle(A,r));draw(Circle(B,r));draw(Circle(C,r));draw(Circle(D,r)); draw(A--(dir(45)*r + A)); draw(B--(dir(45)*r + B)); draw(C--(dir(45)*r + C)); draw(D--(dir(45)*r + D)); draw(origin--(dir(25))); label("$r$",midpoint(A--(dir(45)*r + A)), SE); label("$r$",midpoint(B--(dir(45)*r + B)), SE); label("$r$",midpoint(C--(dir(45)*r + C)), SE); label("$r$",midpoint(D--(dir(45)*r + D)), SE); label("$1$",origin,W);[/asy]$ \textbf{(A)}\ \sqrt {2}\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 1 \plus{} \sqrt {2}\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \sqrt {6}\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 3\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 2 \plus{} \sqrt {2}$

In an acute triangle $ABC$, point $H$ is the intersection point of altitude $CE$ to $AB$ and altitude $BD$ to $AC$. A circle with $DE$ as its diameter intersects $AB$ and $AC$ at $F$ and $G$, respectively. $FG$ and $AH$ intersect at point $K$. If $BC=25$, $BD=20$, and $BE=7$, find the length of $AK$.

Quadrilateral $ABCD$ is a trapezoid, $AD = 15$, $AB = 50$, $BC = 20$, and the altitude is $12$. What is the area of the trapezoid? [asy] pair A,B,C,D; A=(3,20); B=(35,20); C=(47,0); D=(0,0); draw(A--B--C--D--cycle); dot((0,0)); dot((3,20)); dot((35,20)); dot((47,0)); label("A",A,N); label("B",B,N); label("C",C,S); label("D",D,S); draw((19,20)--(19,0)); dot((19,20)); dot((19,0)); draw((19,3)--(22,3)--(22,0)); label("12",(21,10),E); label("50",(19,22),N); label("15",(1,10),W); label("20",(41,12),E);[/asy] $ \textbf{(A)}600\qquad\textbf{(B)}650\qquad\textbf{(C)}700\qquad\textbf{(D)}750\qquad\textbf{(E)}800 $

$1390$ ants are placed near a line, such that the distance between their heads and the line is less than $1\text{cm}$ and the distance between the heads of two ants is always larger than $2\text{cm}$. Show that there is at least one pair of ants such that the distance between their heads is at least $10$ meters (consider the head of an ant as point).

In triangle $ABC$, $AB=13$, $BC=14$ and $CA=15$. Segment $BC$ is split into $n+1$ congruent segments by $n$ points. Among these points are the feet of the altitude, median, and angle bisector from $A$. Find the smallest possible value of $n$. [i]Proposed by Evan Chen[/i]