This website contains problems from math contests. Problems and corresponding tags were obtained from the Art of Problem Solving website.

Tags were heavily modified to better represent problems.

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Found problems: 85335

2012 IFYM, Sozopol, 8
Tags: algebra
Let $n$ be a natural number and $\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma$ be the angles of an acute triangle. Determine the least possible value of the sum: $T=tan^n \alpha+tan^n \beta+tan^n \gamma$.

1973 Miklós Schweitzer, 5
Tags: limit , integration , logarithm , real analysis
Verify that for every $ x > 0$, \[ \frac{\Gamma'(x\plus{}1)}{\Gamma (x\plus{}1)} > \log x.\] [i]P. Medgyessy[/i]

IV Soros Olympiad 1997 - 98 (Russia), 10.3
Tags: number theory , arithmetic progression , digit
Three different digits were used to create three different three-digit numbers forming an arithmetic progression. (In each number, all the digits are different.) What is the largest difference in this progression?

2010 CHMMC Winter, 5
Tags: number theory
The [i]popularity [/i] of a positive integer $n$ is the number of positive integer divisors of $n$. For example, $1$ has popularity $1$, and $12$ has popularity $6$. For each number $n$ between $1$ and $30$ inclusive, Cathy writes the number $n$ on $k$ pieces of paper, where $k$ is the popularity of $n$. Cathy then picks a piece of paper at random. Compute the probability that she will pick an even integer.

2021 Kosovo National Mathematical Olympiad, 4
Tags: algebra , polynomial , number theory , prime number
Let $P(x)$ be a polynomial with integer coefficients. We will denote the set of all prime numbers by $\mathbb P$. Show that the set $\mathbb S := \{p\in\mathbb P : \exists\text{ }n \text{ s.t. }p\mid P(n)\}$ is finite if and only if $P(x)$ is a non-zero constant polynomial.

2009 Putnam, A4
Tags: induction , modular arithmetic , greatest common divisor , quadratic , calculus , integration
Let $ S$ be a set of rational numbers such that (a) $ 0\in S;$ (b) If $ x\in S$ then $ x\plus{}1\in S$ and $ x\minus{}1\in S;$ and (c) If $ x\in S$ and $ x\notin\{0,1\},$ then $ \frac{1}{x(x\minus{}1)}\in S.$ Must $ S$ contain all rational numbers?

2020 LMT Fall, A8 B12
Tags:
Find the sum of all positive integers $a$ such that there exists an integer $n$ that satisfies the equation: \[a! \cdot 2^{\lfloor \sqrt{a} \rfloor}=n!.\] [i]Proposed by Ivy Zheng[/i]

2005 AMC 12/AHSME, 8
Tags: number theory , prime factorization
Let $ A$, $ M$, and $ C$ be digits with \[ (100A \plus{} 10M \plus{} C )(A \plus{} M \plus{} C ) \equal{} 2005. \]What is $ A$? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 3 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 4 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 5$

2022 Estonia Team Selection Test, 1
Tags: function , algebra
Find all functions $f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ that satisfy the following condition for any real numbers $x{}$ and $y$ $$f(x)+f(x+y) \leq f(xy)+f(y).$$

1991 Arnold's Trivium, 58
Tags:
Find the dimension of the solution space of the problem $\partial u/\partial\overline{z} = a\delta(z —-i) + b\delta(z + i)$ for $|z|\le 2$, $\text{Im } u = 0$ for $|z| = 2$.

2009 QEDMO 6th, 2
Tags: combinatorics , coloring , line
Let there be a finite number of straight lines in the plane, none of which are three in one point to cut. Show that the intersections of these straight lines can be colored with $3$ colors so that that no two points of the same color are adjacent on any of the straight lines. (Two points of intersection are called [i]adjacent [/i] if they both lie on one of the finitely many straight lines and there is no other such intersection on their connecting line.)

2002 AMC 12/AHSME, 12
Tags: algebra , polynomial , quadratic
For how many positive integers $n$ is $n^3-8n^2+20n-13$ a prime number? $\textbf{(A) }1\qquad\textbf{(B) }2\qquad\textbf{(C) }3\qquad\textbf{(D) }4\qquad\textbf{(E) }\text{more than 4}$

2021 AMC 12/AHSME Spring, 2
Tags:
At a math contest, $57$ students are wearing blue shirts, and another $75$ students are wearing yellow shirts. The $132$ students are assigned into $66$ points. In exactly $23$ of these pairs, both students are wearing blue shirts. In how many pairs are both studets wearing yellow shirts? $\textbf{(A) }23 \qquad \textbf{(B) }32 \qquad \textbf{(C) }37 \qquad \textbf{(D) }41 \qquad \textbf{(E) }64$

2018 Junior Balkan MO, 3
Tags:
Let $k>1$ be a positive integer and $n>2018$ an odd positive integer. The non-zero rational numbers $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n$ are not all equal and: $$x_1+\frac{k}{x_2}=x_2+\frac{k}{x_3}=x_3+\frac{k}{x_4}=\ldots=x_{n-1}+\frac{k}{x_n}=x_n+\frac{k}{x_1}$$ Find the minimum value of $k$, such that the above relations hold.

2012 Mediterranean Mathematics Olympiad, 1
Tags: algebra
For a real number $\alpha>0$, consider the infinite real sequence defined by $x_1=1$ and \[ \alpha x_n = x_1+x_2+\cdots+x_{n+1} \mbox{\qquad for } n\ge1. \] Determine the smallest $\alpha$ for which all terms of this sequence are positive reals. (Proposed by Gerhard Woeginger, Austria)

2012 Today's Calculation Of Integral, 824
Tags: calculus , integration , geometry , limit , calculus computations , logarithm
In the $xy$-plane, for $a>1$ denote by $S(a)$ the area of the figure bounded by the curve $y=(a-x)\ln x$ and the $x$-axis. Find the value of integer $n$ for which $\lim_{a\rightarrow \infty} \frac{S(a)}{a^n\ln a}$ is non-zero real number.

2008 AMC 12/AHSME, 15
Tags: induction , modular arithmetic , number theory
Let $ k\equal{}2008^2\plus{}2^{2008}$. What is the units digit of $ k^2\plus{}2^k$? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 0 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 4 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 6 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 8$

PEN H Problems, 27
Tags: diophantine equation , perimeter , inradius , modular arithmetic , geometry
Prove that there exist infinitely many positive integers $n$ such that $p=nr$, where $p$ and $r$ are respectively the semi-perimeter and the inradius of a triangle with integer side lengths.

2007 Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Romania, 2
Tags: analytic geometry , combinatorics
There are given the integers $1 \le m < n$. Consider the set $M = \{ (x,y);x,y \in \mathbb{Z_{+}}, 1 \le x,y \le n \}$. Determine the least value $v(m,n)$ with the property that for every subset $P \subseteq M$ with $|P| = v(m,n)$ there exist $m+1$ elements $A_{i}= (x_{i},y_{i}) \in P, i = 1,2,...,m+1$, for which the $x_{i}$ are all distinct, and $y_{i}$ are also all distinct.

1979 IMO Longlists, 18
Tags: number theory
Show that for no integers $a \geq 1, n \geq 1$ is the sum \[1+\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+2a}+\cdots+\frac{1}{1+na}\] an integer.

2010 Contests, 3
Tags: combinatorics
Given is the set $M_n=\{0, 1, 2, \ldots, n\}$ of nonnegative integers less than or equal to $n$. A subset $S$ of $M_n$ is called [i]outstanding[/i] if it is non-empty and for every natural number $k\in S$, there exists a $k$-element subset $T_k$ of $S$. Determine the number $a(n)$ of outstanding subsets of $M_n$. [i](41st Austrian Mathematical Olympiad, National Competition, part 1, Problem 3)[/i]

1996 Swedish Mathematical Competition, 4
Tags: pentagon , increasing , cyclic , geometry , angle
The angles at $A,B,C,D,E$ of a pentagon $ABCDE$ inscribed in a circle form an increasing sequence. Show that the angle at $C$ is greater than $\pi/2$, and that this lower bound cannot be improved.

2012 JHMT, 7
Tags: geometry , 3d geometry
What is the radius of the largest sphere that fits inside an octahedron of side length $1$?

2022 Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Romania, P1
Tags: number theory , squarefree
Determine all squarefree positive integers $n\geq 2$ such that \[\frac{1}{d_1}+\frac{1}{d_2}+\cdots+\frac{1}{d_k}\]is a positive integer, where $d_1,d_2,\ldots,d_k$ are all the positive divisors of $n$.

2007 Cuba MO, 1
Tags: algebra , system of equations , system
Find all the real numbers $x, y$ such that $x^3 - y^3 = 7(x - y)$ and $x^3 + y^3 = 5(x + y).$