[i]25 problems for 30 minutes[/i] [b]p1.[/b] Today is Saturday, April $25$, $2020$. What is the value of $6 + 4 + 25 + 2020$? [b]p2.[/b] The figure below consists of a $2$ by $3$ grid of squares. How many squares of any size are in the grid? $\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|} \hline & & \\ \hline & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}$ [b]p3.[/b] James is playing a game. He first rolls a six-sided dice which contains a different number on each side, then randomly picks one of twelve dierent colors, and finally ips a quarter. How many different possible combinations of a number, a color and a flip are there in this game? [b]p4.[/b] What is the sum of the number of diagonals and sides in a regular hexagon? [b]p5.[/b] Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse are best friends but they often fight. Each of their fights take up exactly one hour, and they always fight on prime days. For example, they fight on January $2$nd, $3$rd, but not the $4$th. Knowing this, how many total times do Mickey and Minnie fight in the months of April, May and June? [b]p6.[/b] Apple always loved eating watermelons. Normal watermelons have around $13$ black seeds and $25$ brown seeds, whereas strange watermelons had $45$ black seeds and $2$ brown seeds. If Apple bought $14$ normal watermelons and $7$ strange watermelons, then let $a$ be the total number of black seeds and $b$ be the total number of brown seeds. What is $a - b$? [b]p7.[/b] Jerry and Justin both roll a die once. The probability that Jerry's roll is greater than Justin's can be expressed as a fraction in the form $\frac{m}{n}$ in simplified terms. What is $m + n$? [b]p8.[/b] Taylor wants to color the sides of an octagon. What is the minimum number of colors Taylor will need so that no adjacent sides of the octagon will be filled in with the same color? [b]p9.[/b] The point $\frac23$ of the way from ($-6, 8$) to ($-3, 5$) can be expressed as an ordered pair $(a, b)$. What is $|a - b|$? [b]p10.[/b] Mary Price Maddox laughs $7$ times per class. If she teaches $4$ classes a day for the $5$ weekdays every week but doesn't laugh on Wednesdays, then how many times does she laugh after $5$ weeks of teaching? [b]p11.[/b] Let $ABCD$ be a unit square. If $E$ is the midpoint of $AB$ and $F$ lies inside $ABCD$ such that $CFD$ is an equilateral triangle, the positive difference between the area of $CED$ and $CFD$ can be expressed in the form $\frac{a-\sqrt{b}}{c}$ , where $a$, $b$, $c$ are in lowest simplified terms. What is $a + b + c$? [b]p12.[/b] Eddie has musician's syndrome. Whenever a song is a $C$, $A$, or $F$ minor, he begins to cry and his body becomes very stiff. On the other hand, if the song is in $G$ minor, $A$ at major, or $E$ at major, his eyes open wide and he feels like the happiest human being ever alive. There are a total of $24$ keys. How many different possibilities are there in which he cries while playing one song with two distinct keys? [b]p13.[/b] What positive integer must be added to both the numerator and denominator of $\frac{12}{40}$ to make a fraction that is equivalent to $\frac{4}{11}$ ? [b]p14.[/b] The number $0$ is written on the board. Each minute, Gene the genie either multiplies the number on the board by $3$ or $9$, each with equal probability, and then adds either $1$,$2$, or $3$, each with equal probability. Find the expected value of the number after $3$ minutes. [b]p15.[/b] $x$ satisfies $\dfrac{1}{x+ \dfrac{1}{1+\frac{1}{2}}}=\dfrac{1}{2+ \dfrac{1}{1- \dfrac{1}{2+\frac{1}{2}}}}$ Find $x$. [b]p16.[/b] How many different points in a coordinate plane can a bug end up on if the bug starts at the origin and moves one unit to the right, left, up or down every minute for $8$ minutes? [b]p17.[/b] The triplets Addie, Allie, and Annie, are racing against the triplets Bobby, Billy, and Bonnie in a relay race on a track that is $100$ feet long. The first person of each team must run around the entire track twice and tag the second person for the second person to start running. Then, the second person must run once around the entire track and tag the third person, and finally, the third person would only have to run around half the track. Addie and Bob run first, Allie and Billy second, Annie and Bonnie third. Addie, Allie, and Annie run at $50$ feet per minute (ft/m), $25$ ft/m, and $20$ ft/m, respectively. If Bob, Billy, and Bonnie run half as fast as Addie, Allie, and Annie, respectively, then how many minutes will it take Bob, Billy, and Bonnie to finish the race. Assume that everyone runs at a constant rate. [b]p18.[/b] James likes to play with Jane and Jason. If the probability that Jason and Jane play together is $\frac13$, while the probability that James and Jason is $\frac14$ and the probability that James and Jane play together is $\frac15$, then the probability that they all play together is $\frac{\sqrt{p}}{q}$ for positive integers $p$, $q$ where $p$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $p + q$. [b]p19.[/b] Call an integer a near-prime if it is one more than a prime number. Find the sum of all near-primes less than$ 1000$ that are perfect powers. (Note: a perfect power is an integer of the form $n^k$ where $n, k \ge 2$ are integers.) [b]p20.[/b] What is the integer solution to $\sqrt{\frac{2x-6}{x-11}} = \frac{3x-7}{x+6}$ ? [b]p21.[/b] Consider rectangle $ABCD$ with $AB = 12$ and $BC = 4$ with $F$,$G$ trisecting $DC$ so that $F$ is closer to $D$. Then $E$ is on $AB$. We call the intersection of $EF$ and $DB$ $X$, and the intersection of $EG$ and $DB$ is $Y$. If the area of $\vartriangle XY E$ is \frac{8}{15} , then what is the length of $EB$? [b]p22.[/b] The sum $$\sum^{\infty}_{n=2} \frac{1}{4n^2-1}$$ can be expressed as a common fraction $\frac{a}{b}$ in lowest terms. Find $a + b$. [b]p23.[/b] In square $ABCD$, $M$, $N$, $O$, $P$ are points on sides $\overline{AB}$, $\overline{BC}$, $\overline{CD}$ and $\overline{DA}$, respectively. If $AB = 4$, $AM = BM$ and $DP = 3AP$, the least possible value of $MN + NO + OP$ can be expressed as $\sqrt{x}$ forsome integer x. Find x: [b]p24.[/b] Grand-Ovich the ant is at a vertex of a regular hexagon and he moves to one of the adjacent vertices every minute with equal probability. Let the probability that after $8$ minutes he will have returned to the starting vertex at least once be the common fraction $\frac{a}{b}$ in lowest terms. What is $a + b$? [b]p25.[/b] Find the last two non-zero digits at the end of $2020!$ written as a two digit number. PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].

Find the number of pairs $(m, n)$ of positive integers, both of which are $\le 1000$, such that $\frac{m}{n+1}< \sqrt2 < \frac{m+1}{n}$ (recalling that $ \sqrt2 = 1.414213..$.). (D. Fomin, Leningrad)

Given a polynomial $P(x)=x^4+3x^2-9x+1$. Calculate $P(\alpha^2+\alpha+1)$ where\[ \alpha=\sqrt[3]{\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}}+\sqrt[3]{\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}} \]

Let $\gamma$ a circle and $P$ a point who lies outside the circle. Two arbitrary lines $l$ and $l'$ which pass through $P$ intersect the circle at the points $X$, $Y$ , respectively $X'$, $Y'$ , such that $X$ lies between $P$ and $Y$ and $X'$ lies between $P$ and $Y'$. Prove that the line determined by the circumcentres of the triangles $PXY'$ and $PX'Y$ passes through a fixed point.

Given that the line $y=mx+k$ intersects the parabola $y=ax^2+bx+c$ at two points, compute the product of the two $x$-coordinates of these points in terms of $a$, $b$, $c$, $k$, and $m$.

On the plane $n$ points are selected that do not belong to one straight line. Prove that the shortest closed path passing through all these points is a non-self-intersecting polygon.

Find all natural numbers $n> 1$ for which the following applies: The sum of the number $n$ and its second largest divisor is $2013$. (R. Henner, Vienna)

Let $p$, $q$, and $r$ be the distinct roots of the polynomial $x^3 - 22x^2 + 80x - 67$. It is given that there exist real numbers $A$, $B$, and $C$ such that \[\dfrac{1}{s^3 - 22s^2 + 80s - 67} = \dfrac{A}{s-p} + \dfrac{B}{s-q} + \frac{C}{s-r}\] for all $s\not\in\{p,q,r\}$. What is $\tfrac1A+\tfrac1B+\tfrac1C$? $\textbf{(A) }243\qquad\textbf{(B) }244\qquad\textbf{(C) }245\qquad\textbf{(D) }246\qquad\textbf{(E) } 247$

The integers $a, b,$ and $c$ form a strictly increasing geometric sequence. Suppose that $abc = 216$. What is the maximum possible value of $a + b + c$?

Prove that if a lattice triangle has no lattice points on its boundary in addition to its vertices, and one point in its interior, then this interior point is its center of gravity.

Let $C_{1}$, $C_{2}$ be circles intersecting in $X$, $Y$ . Let $A$, $D$ be points on $C_{1}$ and $B$, $C$ on $C_2$ such that $A$, $X$, $C$ are collinear and $D$, $X$, $B$ are collinear. The tangent to circle $C_{1}$ at $D$ intersects $BC$ and the tangent to $C_{2}$ at $B$ in $P$, $R$ respectively. The tangent to $C_2$ at $C$ intersects $AD$ and tangent to $C_1$ at $A$, in $Q$, $S$ respectively. Let $W$ be the intersection of $AD$ with the tangent to $C_{2}$ at $B$ and $Z$ the intersection of $BC$ with the tangent to $C_1$ at $A$. Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $YWZ$, $RSY$ and $PQY$ have two points in common, or are tangent in the same point. Proposed by Misiakos Panagiotis

We say that an integer $m$ is a perfect power if there are $a\in\mathbf{Z}$, $b\in\mathbf{N}$ with $b > 1$ such that $m = a^b$. Find all polynomials $P\in\mathbf{Z}[x]$ such that $P(n)$ is a perfect power for every $n\in\mathbf{N}$.

Sebastian, the traveling ant, walks on top of some square boards. He just walks horizontally or vertically through the squares of the boards and does not pass through the same square twice. On a board of $7\times 7$, in which squares can Sebastian start his journey so that he can pass through all the squares on the board?

Let $ I$ be incenter of triangle $ ABC$, $ M$ be midpoint of side $ BC$, and $ T$ be the intersection point of $ IM$ with incircle, in such a way that $ I$ is between $ M$ and $ T$. Prove that $ \angle BIM\minus{}\angle CIM\equal{}\frac{3}2(\angle B\minus{}\angle C)$, if and only if $ AT\perp BC$.

It is known that the general term $\{a_n\}$ of the sequence is $a_n =(\sqrt3 +\sqrt2)^{2n}$ ($n \in N*$), let $b_n= a_n +\frac{1}{a_n}$ . (1) Find the recurrence relation between $b_{n+2}$, $b_{n+1}$, $b_n$. (2) Find the unit digit of the integer part of $a_{2011}$.

In the table below, place the numbers 1--12 in the shaded cells. You start at the center cell (marked with $*$). You repeatedly move up, down, left, or right, chosen uniformly at random each time, until reaching a shaded cell. Your score is the number in the shaded cell that you end up at. Let $m$ be the least possible expected value of your score (based on how you placed the numbers), and $M$ be the greatest possible expected value of your score. Compute $m \cdot M$. [i]Proposed by Justin Hsieh[/i]

Prove that there exists a positive integer $n$ such that the last digits of $n^3$ are $...201320132013$.

Prove that $a=2$ is the greatest real number for which the inequality: $$ \frac{x_1}{x_n+x_2}+\frac{x_2}{x_1+x_3}+\dots+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1}+x_1} \ge a $$ holds true for any $n \ge 4$ and any positive real numbers $x_1, x_2,\dots,x_n$.

Show that a function $ f(x)\equal{}\int_{\minus{}1}^1 (1\minus{}|\ t\ |)\cos (xt)\ dt$ is continuous at $ x\equal{}0$.

Find all continuous functions $f: \mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ such that for all real $x$ we have \[f(x)=f\left(x^{2}+\frac{x}{3}+\frac{1}{9}\right). \]

Each of integers from $1$ to $20$ are placed into the dots below. Two dots are [i]adjacent[/i], if below figure contains a line segment connecting them. Prove that how the numbers are arranged, it is possible to find an adjacent pair such that the difference between the numbers written on them is greater than $3$. [asy] real u=0.25cm; for(int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { real v = u*(i+1); pair P1 = dir(90+0*72)*(0,v); pair P2 = dir(90+1*72)*(0,v); pair P3 = dir(90+2*72)*(0,v); pair P4 = dir(90+3*72)*(0,v); pair P5 = dir(90+4*72)*(0,v); dot(P1);dot(P2); dot(P3);dot(P4);dot(P5); path p = P1--P2--P3--P4--P5--cycle; draw(p); } [/asy]

As shown in figure , it is known that $ABCD$ is parallelogram, $A,B,C$ lie on circle $\odot O_1$, $AD$ and $BD$ intersect $\odot O$ at points $E$ and $F$ respectively, $C,D,F$ lie on circle $\odot O_2$, $AD$ intersects $\odot O_2$ at point $G$. If the radii of circles $\odot O_1$, $\odot O_2$ are $R_1, R_2$ respectively, prove that $\frac{EG}{AD}=\frac{R_2^2}{R_1^2}$. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/d/f/1d9925a77d4f3fe068bd24364fb396eaa9a27a.png[/img]

Can the set $\{1,2,...,33\}$ be partitioned into $11$ three-element sets, in each of which one element equals the sum of the other two?

Let $m,n\geq 2$ be integers. Let $f(x_1,\dots, x_n)$ be a polynomial with real coefficients such that $$f(x_1,\dots, x_n)=\left\lfloor \frac{x_1+\dots + x_n}{m} \right\rfloor\text{ for every } x_1,\dots, x_n\in \{0,1,\dots, m-1\}.$$ Prove that the total degree of $f$ is at least $n$.

Let $a_1, a_2,..., a_n$ be positive integers and $a$ positive integer greater than $1$ which is a multiple of the product $a_1a_2...a_n$. Prove that $a^{n+1} + a - 1$ is not divisible by $(a + a_1 -1)(a + a_2 - 1) ... (a + a_n -1)$.