Let us consider an infinite grid plane as shown below. We start with 4 points $A$, $B$, $C$, $D$, that form a square. We perform the following operation: We pick two points $X$ and $Y$ from the currant points. $X$ is reflected about $Y$ to get $X'$. We remove $X$ and add $X'$ to get a new set of 4 points and treat it as our currant points. For example in the figure suppose we choose $A$ and $B$ (we can choose any other pair too). Then reflect $A$ about $B$ to get $A'$. We remove $A$ and add $A'$. Thus $A'$, $B$, $C$, $D$ is our new 4 points. We may again choose $D$ and $A'$ from the currant points. Reflect $D$ about $A'$ to obtain $D'$ and hence $A'$, $B$, $C$, $D'$ are now new set of points. Then similar operation is performed on this new 4 points and so on. Starting with $A$, $B$, $C$, $D$ can you get a bigger square by some sequence of such operations?

There is an $n \times n$ table with $n -1$ cells containing ones and the remaining cells containing zeros. You can do this with the table the following operation: select the tap hole, subtract from the number in this cell, one, and to all other numbers on the same line or in the same column as the selected cell, add one. Is it possible from of this table, using the specified operations, obtain a table in which all numbers are equal?

In this question you must make all numbers of a clock, each with using 2, exactly 3 times and Mathematical symbols. You are not allowed to use English alphabets and words like $ \sin$ or $ \lim$ or $ a,b$ and no other digits. [img]http://i2.tinypic.com/5x73dza.png[/img]

We say that each positive number $x$ has two sons: $x+1$ and $\frac{x}{x+1}$. Characterize all the descendants of number $1$.

Evaluate $\int_1^3 \frac{\ln (x+1)}{x^2}dx$. [i]2010 Hirosaki University entrance exam[/i]

$A, B$ are $n \times n$ matrices such that $\text{rank}(AB-BA+I) = 1.$ Prove that $\text{tr}(ABAB)-\text{tr}(A^2 B^2) = \frac{1}{2}n(n-1).$

Each of $2n + 1$ students chooses a finite, nonempty set of consecutive integers . Two students are friends if they have chosen a common number. Everyone student is friends with at least $n$ other students. Show that there is a student who is friends with everyone else.

Let $x,y,z$ be positive real numbers . Prove: $\frac{x}{\sqrt{\sqrt[4]{y}+\sqrt[4]{z}}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{\sqrt[4]{z}+\sqrt[4]{x}}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{\sqrt[4]{x}+\sqrt[4]{y}}}\geq \frac{\sqrt[4]{(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z})^7}}{\sqrt{2\sqrt{27}}}$

A park is in the shape of a regular hexagon $2$ km on a side. Starting at a corner, Alice walks along the perimeter of the park for a distance of $5$ km. How many kilometers is she from her starting point? $ \textbf{(A)}\ \sqrt{13}\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \sqrt{14}\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ \sqrt{15}\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ \sqrt{16}\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \sqrt{17}$

Find all positive integers $n$ such that $9^{n}-1$ is divisible by $7^n$.

Determine all pairs $(a,b)$ of positive integers satisfying \[a^2+b\mid a^2b+a\quad\text{and}\quad b^2-a\mid ab^2+b.\]

Let $a,b,c$ positive real numbers and $a+b+c = 1$. Prove that \[a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + \frac{3}{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{c}} \ge 2(ab + bc + ac)\]

Can you form six squares with nine matches? How about fourteen squares with eight matches? (It is assumed that all matches have equal length, and you cannot break any of them.)

Two runners start running along a circular track of unit length from the same starting point and int he same sense, with constant speeds $v_1$ and $v_2$ respectively, where $v_1$ and $v_2$ are two distinct relatively prime natural numbers. They continue running till they simultneously reach the starting point. Prove that (a) at any given time $t$, at least one of the runners is at a distance not more than $\frac{[\frac{v_1 + v_2}{2}]}{v_1 + v_2}$ units from the starting point. (b) there is a time $t$ such that both the runners are at least $\frac{[\frac{v_1 + v_2}{2}]}{v_1 + v_2}$ units away from the starting point. (All disstances are measured along the track). $[x]$ is the greatest integer function.

Consider pairs of the sequences of positive real numbers \[a_1\geq a_2\geq a_3\geq\cdots,\qquad b_1\geq b_2\geq b_3\geq\cdots\] and the sums \[A_n = a_1 + \cdots + a_n,\quad B_n = b_1 + \cdots + b_n;\qquad n = 1,2,\ldots.\] For any pair define $c_n = \min\{a_i,b_i\}$ and $C_n = c_1 + \cdots + c_n$, $n=1,2,\ldots$. (1) Does there exist a pair $(a_i)_{i\geq 1}$, $(b_i)_{i\geq 1}$ such that the sequences $(A_n)_{n\geq 1}$ and $(B_n)_{n\geq 1}$ are unbounded while the sequence $(C_n)_{n\geq 1}$ is bounded? (2) Does the answer to question (1) change by assuming additionally that $b_i = 1/i$, $i=1,2,\ldots$? Justify your answer.

Given triangle $ ABC$ with $ C$ a right angle, show that the diameter of the incenter is $ a\plus{}b\minus{}c$, where $ a\equal{}BC$, $ b\equal{}CA$, and $ c\equal{}AB$.

Solve the system equations \[\left\{\begin{array}{cc}x^{4}-y^{4}=240\\x^{3}-2y^{3}=3(x^{2}-4y^{2})-4(x-8y)\end{array}\right.\]

Suppose that the sides $AB$ and $DC$ of a convex quadrilateral $ABCD$ are not parallel. On the sides $BC$ and $AD$, pairs of points $(M,N)$ and $(K,L)$ are chosen such that $BM=MN=NC$ and $AK=KL=LD$. Prove that the areas of triangles $OKM$ and $OLN$ are different, where $O$ is the intersection point of $AB$ and $CD$.

How many two digit numbers have exactly $4$ positive factors? $($Here $1$ and the number $n$ are also considered as factors of $n. )$

Given a quadrilateral $ABCD$, inscribed in a circle $\omega$ such that $AB=AD$ and $CB=CD$ . Take the point $P \in \omega$. Let the vertices of the quadrilateral $Q_1Q_2Q_3Q_4$ be symmetric to the point P wrt the lines $AB$, $BC$, $CD$, and $DA$, respectively. a) Prove that the points symmetric to the point $P$ wrt lines $Q_1Q_22, Q_2Q_3, Q_3Q_4$ and $Q_4Q_1$, lie on one line. b) Prove that when the point $P$ moves in a circle $\omega$, then all such lines pass through one common point.

Find all functions $f: \mathbb{N}\to \mathbb{N}$ such that for all $n\in \mathbb{N}$: \[f(f(f(n)))+6f(n)=3f(f(n))+4n+2001.\]

Let the line $\ell$ intersects the sides $AC,BC$ of the triangle $ABC$ respectively at the points $E$ and $F$. Prove that the line $\ell$ is passing through the incenter of the triangle $ABC$ if and only if the following equality is true: $$BC\cdot\frac{AE}{CE}+AC\cdot\frac{BF}{CF}=AB.$$ [i]H. Lesov[/i]

There are $n\geq1$ cities on a horizontal line. Each city is guarded by a pair of stationary elephants, one just to the left and one just ot the right of the city, and facing away from it. The $2n$ elephants are of different sizes. If an elephant walks forward, it will knock aside any elephant that it approaches from behind, and in face-to-face meeting, the smaller elephant will be knocked aside. A moving elephant will keep walking in the same direction until it is knocked aside. Show that there is a unique city with the property that if any of the other cities orders its elephants to walk, then that city will not be invaded by an elephant. [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h1268873p6622370]IMO 2015, Shortlist C1[/url], modified by G. Smith

Let $ABC$ be an acute, non-isosceles triangle with the circumcircle $(O)$. Denote $D, E$ as the midpoints of $AB,AC$ respectively. Two circles $(ABE)$ and $(ACD)$ intersect at $K$ differs from $A$. Suppose that the ray $AK$ intersects $(O)$ at $L$. The line $LB$ meets $(ABE)$ at the second point $M$ and the line $LC$ meets $(ACD)$ at the second point $N$. a) Prove that $M, K, N$ collinear and $MN$ perpendicular to $OL$. b) Prove that $K$ is the midpoint of $MN$

Let $ABCD$ be an inscribed trapezoid such that the sides $[AB]$ and $[CD]$ are parallel. If $m(\widehat{AOD})=60^\circ$ and the altitude of the trapezoid is $10$, what is the area of the trapezoid?