This website contains problems from math contests. Problems and corresponding tags were obtained from the Art of Problem Solving website.

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Found problems: 1084

Let $n$ be a given integer which is greater than $1$ . Find the greatest constant $\lambda(n)$ such that for any non-zero complex $z_1,z_2,\cdots,z_n$ ,have that \[\sum_{k\equal{}1}^n |z_k|^2\geq \lambda(n)\min\limits_{1\le k\le n}\{|z_{k+1}-z_k|^2\},\] where $z_{n+1}=z_1$.
Let $P$ be a point on the plane. Three nonoverlapping equilateral triangles $PA_1A_2$, $PA_3A_4$, $PA_5A_6$ are constructed in a clockwise manner. The midpoints of $A_2A_3$, $A_4A_5$, $A_6A_1$ are $L$, $M$, $N$, respectively. Prove that triangle $LMN$ is equilateral.
Let $z_1$ and $z_2$ be the zeros of the polynomial $f(x) = x^2 + 6x + 11$. Compute $(1 + z^2_1z_2)(1 + z_1z_2^2)$.
A quadrilateral $ABCD$ without parallel sides is circumscribed around a circle with centre $O$. Prove that $O$ is a point of intersection of middle lines of quadrilateral $ABCD$ (i.e. barycentre of points $A,\,B,\,C,\,D$) iff $OA\cdot OC=OB\cdot OD$.
Let $ABC$ be an equilateral triangle, and point $P$ on its circumcircle. Let $PA$ and $BC$ intersect at $D$, $PB$ and $AC$ intersect at $E$, and $PC$ and $AB$ intersect at $F$. Prove that the area of $\triangle DEF$ is twice the area of $\triangle ABC$. [i]Proposed by Titu Andreescu, Luis Gonzales, Cosmin Pohoata[/i]
What is the maximal dimension of a linear subspace $ V$ of the vector space of real $ n \times n$ matrices such that for all $ A$ in $ B$ in $ V$, we have $ \text{trace}\left(AB\right) \equal{} 0$ ?
Given trapezoid $ ABCD$ with parallel sides $ AB$ and $ CD$, assume that there exist points $ E$ on line $ BC$ outside segment $ BC$, and $ F$ inside segment $ AD$ such that $ \angle DAE \equal{} \angle CBF$. Denote by $ I$ the point of intersection of $ CD$ and $ EF$, and by $ J$ the point of intersection of $ AB$ and $ EF$. Let $ K$ be the midpoint of segment $ EF$, assume it does not lie on line $ AB$. Prove that $ I$ belongs to the circumcircle of $ ABK$ if and only if $ K$ belongs to the circumcircle of $ CDJ$. [i]Proposed by Charles Leytem, Luxembourg[/i]
Find all natural numbers $ n\ge 4 $ that satisfy the property that the affixes of any nonzero pairwise distinct complex numbers $ a,b,c $ that verify the equation $$ (a-b)^n+(b-c)^n+(c-a)^n=0, $$ represent the vertices of an equilateral triangle in the complex plane.
Let $n \ge 3$ be a fixed integer. A game is played by $n$ players sitting in a circle. Initially, each player draws three cards from a shuffled deck of $3n$ cards numbered $1, 2, \dots, 3n$. Then, on each turn, every player simultaneously passes the smallest-numbered card in their hand one place clockwise and the largest-numbered card in their hand one place counterclockwise, while keeping the middle card. Let $T_r$ denote the configuration after $r$ turns (so $T_0$ is the initial configuration). Show that $T_r$ is eventually periodic with period $n$, and find the smallest integer $m$ for which, regardless of the initial configuration, $T_m=T_{m+n}$. [i]Proposed by Carl Schildkraut and Colin Tang[/i]
In a scalene triangle $ABC$ $I$ is the incentr and $CN$ is the bisector of angle $C$. The line $CN$ meets the circumcircle of $ABC$ again at $M$. The line $l$ is parallel to $AB$ and touches the incircle of $ABC$. The point $R$ on $l$ is such. That $CI \bot IR$. The circumcircle of $MNR$ meets the line $IR$ again at S. Prpve that $AS=BS$.
Let $c$ be a real number, and let $z_1, z_2$ be the two complex numbers satisfying the quadratic $z^2 - cz + 10 = 0$. Points $z_1, z_2, \frac{1}{z_1}$, and $\frac{1}{z_2}$ are the vertices of a (convex) quadrilateral $Q$ in the complex plane. When the area of $Q$ obtains its maximum value, $c$ is the closest to which of the following? $\textbf{(A)}~4.5\qquad\textbf{(B)}~5\qquad\textbf{(C)}~5.5\qquad\textbf{(D)}~6\qquad\textbf{(E)}~6.5$
Given a circle $C$ and an exterior point $A$. For every point $P$ on the circle construct the square $APQR$ (in counterclock order). Determine the locus of the point $Q$ when $P$ moves on the circle $C$.
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle and $H$ is orthocenter. Let $D$ be the intersection of $BH$ and $AC$ and $E$ be the intersection of $CH$ and $AB$. The circumcircle of $ADE$ cuts the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $F \neq A$. Prove that the angle bisectors of $\angle BFC$ and $\angle BHC$ concur at a point on $BC.$
Let $m$ and $n$ be positive integers for which $n\leq m\leq 2n$. Find the number of all complex solutions $(z_1,z_2,...,z_m)$ that satisfy $$z_1^7+z_2^7+...+z_m^7=n$$ Such that $z_k^3-2z_k^2+2z_k-1=0$ for all $k=1,2,...,m$.
A function $ f:\mathbb{R}^2\longrightarrow\mathbb{R} $ is [i]olympic[/i] if, any finite number of pairwise distinct elements of $ \mathbb{R}^2 $ at which the function takes the same value represent in the plane the vertices of a convex polygon. Prove that if $ p $ if a complex polynom of degree at least $ 1, $ then the function $ \mathbb{R}^2\ni (x,y)\mapsto |p(x+iy)| $ is olympic if and only if the roots of $ p $ are all equal.
Let $ABCD$ be a convex quadrilateral and let $P$ and $Q$ be variable points inside this quadrilateral so that $\angle APB=\angle CPD=\angle AQB=\angle CQD$. Prove that the lines $PQ$ obtained in this way all pass through a fixed point , or they are all parallel.
Let $\Omega=\{z=x+iy~\in\mathbb{C}~:~|y|\leqslant 1\}$. If $f(z)=z^2+2$, then draw a sketch of $$f\Big(\Omega\Big)=\{f(z):z\in\Omega\}$$ Justify your answer.
The figure shows a regular heptagon with sides of length 1. [asy] import geometry; unitsize(5); real R = 1/(2 sin(pi/7)); pair A = (0, R); pair B = rotate(360/7) * A; pair C = rotate(360/7) * B; pair D = rotate(360/7) * C; pair E = rotate(360/7) * D; pair F = rotate(360/7) * E; pair G = rotate(360/7) * F; pair X = B + G - A; pair Y = (D + E) / 2; draw(A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- cycle); draw("$1$", B -- X); draw("$1$", X -- G); draw("$d$", X -- Y); dot(A); dot(B); dot(C); dot(D); dot(E); dot(F); dot(G); dot(X); dot(Y); perpendicular(Y, NW, Y - A); [/asy] Determine the indicated length $d$. Express your answer in simplified radical form.
In triangle $ABC$, the incircle, with center $I$, touches the sides $BC$ at point $D$. Line $DI$ meets $AC$ at $X$. The tangent line from $X$ to the incircle (different from $AC$) intersects $AB$ at $Y$. If $YI$ and $BC$ intersect at point $Z$, prove that $AB=BZ$. [i]Proposed by Hooman Fattahimoghaddam[/i]
Let $f(z)=\frac{z+a}{z+b}$ and $g(z)=f(f(z))$, where $a$ and $b$ are complex numbers. Suppose that $|a|=1$ and $g(g(z))=z$ for all $z$ for which $g(g(z))$ is defined. What is the difference between the largest and smallest possible values of $|b|$? $\textbf{(A)}\ 0 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \sqrt{2}-1 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \sqrt{3}-1 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 2$
The complex numbers $z_1$ and $z_2$ are given such that $z_1=-1+i$ and $z_2=2+4i$. Find the complex number $z_3$ such that $z_1,z_2,z_3$ are the points of an equilateral triangle. How many solutions do we have ?
Let $ABC$ be a triangle, and let $X$, $Y$, and $Z$ be collinear points such that $AY=AZ$, $BZ=BX$, and $CX=CY$. Points $X'$, $Y'$, and $Z'$ are the reflections of $X$, $Y$, and $Z$ over $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$, respectively. Prove that if $X'Y'Z'$ is a nondegenerate triangle, then its circumcenter lies on the circumcircle of $ABC$. [i]Michael Ren[/i]
Let be a natural number $ n, $ a complex number $ a, $ and two matrices $ \left( a_{pq}\right)_{1\le q\le n}^{1\le p\le n} ,\left( b_{pq}\right)_{1\le q\le n}^{1\le p\le n}\in\mathcal{M}_n(\mathbb{C} ) $ such that $$ b_{pq} =a^{p-q}\cdot a_{pq},\quad\forall p,q\in\{ 1,2,\ldots ,n\} . $$ Calculate the determinant of $ B $ (in function of $ a $ and the determinant of $ A $ ).
Given a triangle $ABC$ satisfying $AC+BC=3\cdot AB$. The incircle of triangle $ABC$ has center $I$ and touches the sides $BC$ and $CA$ at the points $D$ and $E$, respectively. Let $K$ and $L$ be the reflections of the points $D$ and $E$ with respect to $I$. Prove that the points $A$, $B$, $K$, $L$ lie on one circle. [i]Proposed by Dimitris Kontogiannis, Greece[/i]
Let be a sequence of natural numbers $ \left( a_n \right)_{n\ge 1} $ such that $ a_n\le n $ for all natural numbers $ n, $ and $$ \sum_{j=1}^{k-1} \cos \frac{\pi a_j}{k} =0, $$ for all natural $ k\ge 2. $ [b]a)[/b] Find $ a_2. $ [b]b)[/b] Determine this sequence.