This website contains problems from math contests. Problems and corresponding tags were obtained from the Art of Problem Solving website.

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Found problems: 1084

Let $a,b,c,x,y,$ and $z$ be complex numbers such that \[a=\dfrac{b+c}{x-2},\qquad b=\dfrac{c+a}{y-2},\qquad c=\dfrac{a+b}{z-2}.\] If $xy+yz+xz=67$ and $x+y+z=2010$, find the value of $xyz$.
Let be three complex numbers $ z,t,u, $ whose affixes in the complex plane form a triangle $ \triangle . $ [b]a)[/b] Let be three non-complex numbers $ a,b,c $ that sum up to $ 0. $ Prove that $$ |az+bt+cu|=|at+bu+cz|=|au+bz+ct| $$ if $ \triangle $ is equilateral. [b]b)[/b] Show that $ \triangle $ is equilateral if $$ |z+2t-3u|=|t+2u-3z|=|u+2z-3t| . $$
Solve the equation $ \sqrt{4 \minus{} 3\sqrt{10 \minus{} 3x}} \equal{} x \minus{} 2$.
Prove that the sum of the $ \text{2005-th} $ powers of three pairwise distinct complex numbers is the imaginary unit if their modulus are equal and the sum of these numbers is the imaginary unit.
In the $9$-gon $ABCDEFGHI$, all sides have equal lengths and all angles are equal. Prove that $|AB| + |AC| = |AE|$. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/6/2/8c82e8a87bf8a557baaf6ac72b3d18d2ba3965.png[/img]
Let $a,b,c$ be some complex numbers. Prove that $$|\dfrac{a^2}{ab+ac-bc}| + |\dfrac{b^2}{ba+bc-ac}| + |\dfrac{c^2}{ca+cb-ab}| \ge \dfrac{3}{2}$$ if the denominators are not 0
The sets $A = \{z : z^{18} = 1\}$ and $B = \{w : w^{48} = 1\}$ are both sets of complex roots of unity. The set $C = \{zw : z \in A \ \text{and} \ w \in B\}$ is also a set of complex roots of unity. How many distinct elements are in $C$?
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC$. Circumcircle of the triangle $ABC$ and the circle of diameter $[AH]$ intersect at point $E$, different from $A$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of the small arc $BC$ of the circumcircle of the triangle $ABC$ and let $N$ the midpoint of the large arc $BC$ of the circumcircle of the triangle $BHC$ Prove that points $E, H, M, N$ are concyclic.
Let $O$ be the circumcentre, and $\Omega$ be the circumcircle of an acute-angled triangle $ABC$. Let $P$ be an arbitrary point on $\Omega$, distinct from $A$, $B$, $C$, and their antipodes in $\Omega$. Denote the circumcentres of the triangles $AOP$, $BOP$, and $COP$ by $O_A$, $O_B$, and $O_C$, respectively. The lines $\ell_A$, $\ell_B$, $\ell_C$ perpendicular to $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$ pass through $O_A$, $O_B$, and $O_C$, respectively. Prove that the circumcircle of triangle formed by $\ell_A$, $\ell_B$, and $\ell_C$ is tangent to the line $OP$.
Given a cyclic quadrilateral $ABCD$, let $M$ be the midpoint of the side $CD$, and let $N$ be a point on the circumcircle of triangle $ABM$. Assume that the point $N$ is different from the point $M$ and satisfies $\frac{AN}{BN}=\frac{AM}{BM}$. Prove that the points $E$, $F$, $N$ are collinear, where $E=AC\cap BD$ and $F=BC\cap DA$. [i]Proposed by Dusan Dukic, Serbia and Montenegro[/i]
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with a right angle at $C$. Let $I$ be the incentre of triangle $ABC$, and let $D$ be the foot of the altitude from $C$ to $AB$. The incircle $\omega$ of triangle $ABC$ is tangent to sides $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$ at $A_1$, $B_1$, and $C_1$, respectively. Let $E$ and $F$ be the reflections of $C$ in lines $C_1A_1$ and $C_1B_1$, respectively. Let $K$ and $L$ be the reflections of $D$ in lines $C_1A_1$ and $C_1B_1$, respectively. Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $A_1EI$, $B_1FI$, and $C_1KL$ have a common point.
The vertices $V$ of a centrally symmetric hexagon in the complex plane are given by $$V=\left\{ \sqrt{2}i,-\sqrt{2}i, \frac{1}{\sqrt{8}}(1+i),\frac{1}{\sqrt{8}}(-1+i),\frac{1}{\sqrt{8}}(1-i),\frac{1}{\sqrt{8}}(-1-i) \right\}.$$ For each $j$, $1\leq j\leq 12$, an element $z_j$ is chosen from $V$ at random, independently of the other choices. Let $P={\prod}_{j=1}^{12}z_j$ be the product of the $12$ numbers selected. What is the probability that $P=-1$? $\textbf{(A) } \dfrac{5\cdot11}{3^{10}} \qquad \textbf{(B) } \dfrac{5^2\cdot11}{2\cdot3^{10}} \qquad \textbf{(C) } \dfrac{5\cdot11}{3^{9}} \qquad \textbf{(D) } \dfrac{5\cdot7\cdot11}{2\cdot3^{10}} \qquad \textbf{(E) } \dfrac{2^2\cdot5\cdot11}{3^{10}}$
Let $ABC$ be a triangle. Triangles $PAB$ and $QAC$ are constructed outside of triangle $ABC$ such that $AP = AB$ and $AQ = AC$ and $\angle{BAP}= \angle{CAQ}$. Segments $BQ$ and $CP$ meet at $R$. Let $O$ be the circumcenter of triangle $BCR$. Prove that $AO \perp PQ.$
Let $\omega=\cos\frac{2\pi}{7}+i\cdot\sin\frac{2\pi}{7}$, where $i=\sqrt{-1}$. Find $$\prod_{k=0}^{6}(\omega^{3k}+\omega^k+1).$$
Let $x=\frac{\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^{44} \cos n^\circ}{\displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^{44} \sin n^\circ}.$ What is the greatest integer that does not exceed $100x$?
(a) For given complex numbers $a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4$, we define a function $P:\mathbb C\to\mathbb C$ by $P(z)=z^5+a_4z^4+a_3z^3+a_2z^2+a_1z$. Let $w_k=e^{2ki\pi/5}$, where $k=0,\ldots,4$. Prove that $$P(w_0)+P(w_1)+P(w_2)+P(w_3)+P(w_4)=5.$$(b) Let $A_1,A_2,A_3,A_4,A_5$ be five points in the plane. A pentagon is inscribed in the circle with center $A_1$ and radius $R$. Prove that there is a vertex $S$ of the pentagon for which $$SA_1\cdot SA_2\cdot SA_3\cdot SA_4\cdot SA_5\ge R^5.$$
Let $m, n \ge 2$ be integers. Carl is given $n$ marked points in the plane and wishes to mark their centroid.* He has no standard compass or straightedge. Instead, he has a device which, given marked points $A$ and $B$, marks the $m-1$ points that divide segment $\overline{AB}$ into $m$ congruent parts (but does not draw the segment). For which pairs $(m,n)$ can Carl necessarily accomplish his task, regardless of which $n$ points he is given? *Here, the [i]centroid[/i] of $n$ points with coordinates $(x_1, y_1), \dots, (x_n, y_n)$ is the point with coordinates $\left( \frac{x_1 + \dots + x_n}{n}, \frac{y_1 + \dots + y_n}{n}\right)$. [i]Proposed by Holden Mui and Carl Schildkraut[/i]
Complex numbers $z_1,z_2$ satisfy that $|z_1|=2,|z_2|=3,3z_1-2z_2=\frac{3}{2}-\text{i}$, then $z_1\cdot z_2=$________.
Let $ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral such that $AB \parallel CD$. Let $O$ be the circumcenter of $ABCD$ and $L$ be the point on $AD$ such that $OL$ is perpendicular to $AD$. Prove that \[ OB\cdot(AB+CD) = OL\cdot(AC + BD).\] [i]Proposed by Rijul Saini[/i]
The point $P$ lies inside, or on the boundary of, the triangle $ABC$. Denote by $d_{a}$, $d_{b}$ and $d_{c}$ the distances between $P$ and $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$, respectively. Prove that $\max\{AP,BP,CP \} \ge \sqrt{d_{a}^{2}+d_{b}^{2}+d_{c}^{2}}$. When does the equality holds?
Given that \[ \frac{\cos(x) \plus{} \cos(y) \plus{} \cos(z)}{\cos(x\plus{}y\plus{}z)} \equal{} \frac{\sin(x)\plus{} \sin(y) \plus{} \sin(z)}{\sin(x \plus{} y \plus{} z)} \equal{} a,\] show that \[ \cos(y\plus{}z) \plus{} \cos(z\plus{}x) \plus{} \cos(x\plus{}y) \equal{} a.\]
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with orthocenter $H$ and circumcenter $O$. Let $P$ be a point in the plane such that $AP \perp BC$. Let $Q$ and $R$ be the reflections of $P$ in the lines $CA$ and $AB$, respectively. Let $Y$ be the orthogonal projection of $R$ onto $CA$. Let $Z$ be the orthogonal projection of $Q$ onto $AB$. Assume that $H \neq O$ and $Y \neq Z$. Prove that $YZ \perp HO$. [asy] import olympiad; unitsize(30); pair A,B,C,H,O,P,Q,R,Y,Z,Q2,R2,P2; A = (-14.8, -6.6); B = (-10.9, 0.3); C = (-3.1, -7.1); O = circumcenter(A,B,C); H = orthocenter(A,B,C); P = 1.2 * H - 0.2 * A; Q = reflect(A, C) * P; R = reflect(A, B) * P; Y = foot(R, C, A); Z = foot(Q, A, B); P2 = foot(A, B, C); Q2 = foot(P, C, A); R2 = foot(P, A, B); draw(B--(1.6*A-0.6*B)); draw(B--C--A); draw(P--R, blue); draw(R--Y, red); draw(P--Q, blue); draw(Q--Z, red); draw(A--P2, blue); draw(O--H, darkgreen+linewidth(1.2)); draw((1.4*Z-0.4*Y)--(4.6*Y-3.6*Z), red+linewidth(1.2)); draw(rightanglemark(R,Y,A,10), red); draw(rightanglemark(Q,Z,B,10), red); draw(rightanglemark(C,Q2,P,10), blue); draw(rightanglemark(A,R2,P,10), blue); draw(rightanglemark(B,P2,H,10), blue); label("$\textcolor{blue}{H}$",H,NW); label("$\textcolor{blue}{P}$",P,N); label("$A$",A,W); label("$B$",B,N); label("$C$",C,S); label("$O$",O,S); label("$\textcolor{blue}{Q}$",Q,E); label("$\textcolor{blue}{R}$",R,W); label("$\textcolor{red}{Y}$",Y,S); label("$\textcolor{red}{Z}$",Z,NW); dot(A, filltype=FillDraw(black)); dot(B, filltype=FillDraw(black)); dot(C, filltype=FillDraw(black)); dot(H, filltype=FillDraw(blue)); dot(P, filltype=FillDraw(blue)); dot(Q, filltype=FillDraw(blue)); dot(R, filltype=FillDraw(blue)); dot(Y, filltype=FillDraw(red)); dot(Z, filltype=FillDraw(red)); dot(O, filltype=FillDraw(black)); [/asy]
A point $P$ is given inside an acute-angled triangle $ABC$. Let $A',B',C'$ be the orthogonal projections of $P$ on sides $BC, CA, AB$ respectively. Determine the locus of points $P$ for which $\angle BAC = \angle B'A'C'$ and $\angle CBA = \angle C'B'A'$
The equation $z^6 + z^3 + 1$ has one complex root with argument $\theta$ between $90^\circ$ and $180^\circ$ in the complex plane. Determine the degree measure of $\theta$.
In the complex plane, consider squares having the following property: the complex numbers its vertex correspond to are exactly the roots of integer coefficients equation $ x^4 \plus{} px^3 \plus{} qx^2 \plus{} rx \plus{} s \equal{} 0$. Find the minimum of square areas.