Olympiad problems

2019 Poland - Second Round, 6

Let $X$ be a point lying in the interior of the acute triangle $ABC$ such that \begin{align*} \sphericalangle BAX = 2\sphericalangle XBA \ \ \ \ \hbox{and} \ \ \ \ \sphericalangle XAC = 2\sphericalangle ACX. \end{align*} Denote by $M$ the midpoint of the arc $BC$ of the circumcircle $(ABC)$ containing $A$. Prove that $XM=XA$.

2019 IMEO, 1

Tags: length , humpty point , parallelogram , geometry

Let $ABC$ be a scalene triangle with circumcircle $\omega$. The tangent to $\omega$ at $A$ meets $BC$ at $D$. The $A$-median of triangle $ABC$ intersects $BC$ and $\omega$ at $M$ and $N$, respectively. Suppose that $K$ is a point such that $ADMK$ is a parallelogram. Prove that $KA = KN$. [i]Proposed by Alexandru Lopotenco (Moldova)[/i]

1971 IMO Longlists, 45

Tags: combinatorics , length , point set , polygon

A broken line $A_1A_2 \ldots A_n$ is drawn in a $50 \times 50$ square, so that the distance from any point of the square to the broken line is less than $1$. Prove that its total length is greater than $1248.$

2022/2023 Tournament of Towns, P4

Tags: length , geometry , hexagon

The triangles $AB'C, CA'B$ and $BC'A$ are constructed on the sides of the equilateral triangle $ABC.$ In the resulting hexagon $AB'CA'BC'$ each of the angles $\angle A'BC',\angle C'AB'$ and $\angle B'CA'$ is greater than $120^\circ$ and the sides satisfy the equalities $AB' = AC',BC' = BA'$ and $CA' = CB'.$ Prove that the segments $AB',BC'$ and $CA'$ can form a triangle. [i]David Brodsky[/i]

2021 Argentina National Olympiad, 3

Tags: length , arc , geometry

A circle is divided into $2n$ equal arcs by $2n$ points. Find all $n>1$ such that these points can be joined in pairs using $n$ segments, all of different lengths and such that each point is the endpoint of exactly one segment.

2021 German National Olympiad, 4

Tags: length , similar triangles , parallelogram , geometry

Let $OFT$ and $NOT$ be two similar triangles (with the same orientation) and let $FANO$ be a parallelogram. Show that \[\vert OF\vert \cdot \vert ON\vert=\vert OA\vert \cdot \vert OT\vert.\]

2020 Adygea Teachers' Geometry Olympiad, 4

Tags: geometry , angle , min , length , tangent , arc , circles

A circle is inscribed in an angle with vertex $O$, touching its sides at points $M$ and $N$. On an arc $MN$ nearest to point $O$, an arbitrary point $P$ is selected. At point $P$, a tangent is drawn to the circle $P$, intersecting the sides of the angle at points $A$ and $B$. Prove that that the length of the segment $AB$ is the smallest when $P$ is its midpoint.

1982 IMO, 3

Tags: combinatorial geometry , combinatorics , length , polygon , geometry

Let $S$ be a square with sides length $100$. Let $L$ be a path within $S$ which does not meet itself and which is composed of line segments $A_0A_1,A_1A_2,A_2A_3,\ldots,A_{n-1}A_n$ with $A_0=A_n$. Suppose that for every point $P$ on the boundary of $S$ there is a point of $L$ at a distance from $P$ no greater than $\frac {1} {2}$. Prove that there are two points $X$ and $Y$ of $L$ such that the distance between $X$ and $Y$ is not greater than $1$ and the length of the part of $L$ which lies between $X$ and $Y$ is not smaller than $198$.

1982 IMO Longlists, 55

Tags: geometry , combinatorial geometry , combinatorics , length , polygon

Let $S$ be a square with sides length $100$. Let $L$ be a path within $S$ which does not meet itself and which is composed of line segments $A_0A_1,A_1A_2,A_2A_3,\ldots,A_{n-1}A_n$ with $A_0=A_n$. Suppose that for every point $P$ on the boundary of $S$ there is a point of $L$ at a distance from $P$ no greater than $\frac {1} {2}$. Prove that there are two points $X$ and $Y$ of $L$ such that the distance between $X$ and $Y$ is not greater than $1$ and the length of the part of $L$ which lies between $X$ and $Y$ is not smaller than $198$.

2003 IMO Shortlist, 4

Tags: parallelogram , homothety , inversion , length , geometry

Let $\Gamma_1$, $\Gamma_2$, $\Gamma_3$, $\Gamma_4$ be distinct circles such that $\Gamma_1$, $\Gamma_3$ are externally tangent at $P$, and $\Gamma_2$, $\Gamma_4$ are externally tangent at the same point $P$. Suppose that $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$; $\Gamma_2$ and $\Gamma_3$; $\Gamma_3$ and $\Gamma_4$; $\Gamma_4$ and $\Gamma_1$ meet at $A$, $B$, $C$, $D$, respectively, and that all these points are different from $P$. Prove that \[ \frac{AB\cdot BC}{AD\cdot DC}=\frac{PB^2}{PD^2}. \]

Kyiv City MO Seniors Round2 2010+ geometry, 2010.10.4

Tags: fixed , geometry , fixed point , length , circumcircle , angle

The points $A \ne B$ are given on the plane. The point $C$ moves along the plane in such a way that $\angle ACB = \alpha$ , where $\alpha$ is the fixed angle from the interval ($0^o, 180^o$). The circle inscribed in triangle $ABC$ has center the point $I$ and touches the sides $AB, BC, CA$ at points $D, E, F$ accordingly. Rays $AI$ and $BI$ intersect the line $EF$ at points $M$ and $N$, respectively. Show that: a) the segment $MN$ has a constant length, b) all circles circumscribed around triangle $DMN$ have a common point

2020 Spain Mathematical Olympiad, 5

Tags: length , geometry

In an acute-angled triangle $ABC$, let $M$ be the midpoint of $AB$ and $P$ the foot of the altitude to $BC$. Prove that if $AC+BC = \sqrt{2}AB$, then the circumcircle of triangle $BMP$ is tangent to $AC$.