An unfair $6$-sided die has faces labeled $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, and $6$. The probability that a die lands with a certain face up is proportional to the number on the face. What is the probability that at least one of the first three rolls is a $1$ or a $2$?

Given a parabola $C: y^2=4px\ (p>0)$ with focus $F(p,\ 0)$. Let two lines $l_1,\ l_2$ passing through $F$ intersect orthogonaly each other, $C$ intersects with $l_1$ at two points $P_1,\ P_2$ and $C$ intersects with $l_2$ at two points $Q_1,\ Q_2$. Answer the following questions. (1) Set the equation of $l_1$ as $x=ay+p$ and let the coordinates of $P_1,\ P_2$ as $(x_1,\ y_1),\ (x_2,\ y_2)$, respectively. Express $y_1+y_2,\ y_1y_2$ in terms of $a,\ p$. (2) Show that $\frac{1}{P_1P_2}+\frac{1}{Q_1Q_2}$ is constant regardless of way of taking $l_1,\ l_2$.

In a soccer championship $2004$ teams are subscribed. Because of the extremely large number of teams the usual rules of the championship are modified as follows: a) any two teams can play against one each other at most one game; b) from any $4$ teams, $3$ of them play against one each other. How many days are necessary to make such a championship, knowing that each team can play at most one game per day?

Let $X$ be a non empty subset of $\mathbb{N} = \{1,2,\ldots \}$. Suppose that for all $x \in X$, $4x \in X$ and $\lfloor \sqrt{x} \rfloor \in X$. Prove that $X=\mathbb{N}$.

Inside the quadrilateral $ABCD$ marked a point $O$ such that $\angle OAD+ \angle OBC = \angle ODA + \angle OCB = 90^o$. Prove that the centers of the circumscribed circles around triangles $OAD$ and $OBC$ as well as the midpoints of the sides $AB$ and $CD$ lie on one circle. (Anton Trygub)

Evaluate: \[\sum^{10}_{x=2} \dfrac{2}{x(x^2-1)}\] .

Find all $\alpha>0$ and $\beta>0$ that for each $(x_1,\dots,x_n)$ and $(y_1,\dots,y_n)\in\mathbb {R^+}^n$ that:\[(\sum x_i^\alpha)(\sum y_i^\beta)\geq\sum x_iy_i\]

Three squares of area $4, 9$ and $36$ are inscribed in the triangle as shown in the figure. Find the area of the big triangle [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/9/7/3e904a9c78307e1be169ec0b95b1d3d24c1aa2.png[/img]

Solve in real numbers the system: $$\begin{cases} a+b+c=0 \\ ab^3+bc^3+ca^3=0 \end{cases}$$

Find all real numbers $c$ such that there exists a function $f: \mathbb{R}_{ \ge 0} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ which satisfies the following. For all nonnegative reals $x, y$, $f(x+y^2) \ge cf(x)+y$. Here $\mathbb{R}_{\ge 0}$ is the set of all nonnegative reals.

In the acute-angled triangle $ABC$, the point $F$ is the foot of the altitude from $A$, and $P$ is a point on the segment $AF$. The lines through $P$ parallel to $AC$ and $AB$ meet $BC$ at $D$ and $E$, respectively. Points $X \ne A$ and $Y \ne A$ lie on the circles $ABD$ and $ACE$, respectively, such that $DA = DX$ and $EA = EY$. Prove that $B, C, X,$ and $Y$ are concyclic.

[color=darkblue]Let $ X$ be a group of people, where any two people are friends or enemies. Each pair of friends from $ X$ doesn't have any common friends, and any two enemies have exactly two common friends. Prove that each person from $ X$ has the same number of friends as others.[/color]

Jeff has planted $7$ radishes, labelled $R$, $A$, $D$, $I$, $S$, $H$, and $E$. Taiki then draws circles through $S,H,I,E,D$, then through $E,A,R,S$, and then through $H,A,R,D$, and notices that lines drawn through $SH$, $AR$, and $ED$ are parallel, with $SH = ED$. Additionally, $HER$ is equilateral, and $I$ is the midpoint of $AR$. Given that $HD = 2$, $HE$ can be written as $\frac{-\sqrt{a} + \sqrt{b} + \sqrt{1+\sqrt{c}}}{2}$, where $a,b,$ and $c$ are integers, find $a+b+c$. [i]Proposed by Jeff Lin[/i]

In a badminton tournament there were 16 participants. Each pair of participants played at most one game and there were no draws. After the tournament it turned out that each participant has won a different number of games. Prove that each participant has lost a different number of games.

If $f:\mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ satisfies $f(x^2 +f(y))=y+xf(x)$ for all $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$, find $f(x)$.

For an integer $a$ and positive integers $n$ and $k$, let $f_k(a, n)$ be the remainder when $a^k$ is divided by $n$. Find the largest composite integer $n\leq 100$ that guarantees the infinite sequence \[ f_1(a,n),f_2(a,n),f_3(a,n),\ldots,f_i(a,n),\ldots \] to be periodic for all integers $a$ (i.e., for each choice of $a$, there is some positive integer $T$ such that $f_k(a,n) = f_{k+T}(a,n)$ for all $k$).

An acute-angled triangle $AKL$ is given on a plane. Consider all rectangles $ABCD$ circumscribed to triangle $AKL$ such that point $K$ lies on side $BC$ and point $L$ lieson side $CD$. Find the locus of the intersection $S$ of the diagonals $AC$ and $BD$.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB = 130$, $BC = 140$, $CA = 150$. Let $G$, $H$, $I$, $O$, $N$, $K$, $L$ be the centroid, orthocenter, incenter, circumenter, nine-point center, the symmedian point, and the de Longchamps point. Let $D$, $E$, $F$ be the feet of the altitudes of $A$, $B$, $C$ on the sides $\overline{BC}$, $\overline{CA}$, $\overline{AB}$. Let $X$, $Y$, $Z$ be the $A$, $B$, $C$ excenters and let $U$, $V$, $W$ denote the midpoints of $\overline{IX}$, $\overline{IY}$, $\overline{IZ}$ (i.e. the midpoints of the arcs of $(ABC)$.) Let $R$, $S$, $T$ denote the isogonal conjugates of the midpoints of $\overline{AD}$, $\overline{BE}$, $\overline{CF}$. Let $P$ and $Q$ denote the images of $G$ and $H$ under an inversion around the circumcircle of $ABC$ followed by a dilation at $O$ with factor $\frac 12$, and denote by $M$ the midpoint of $\overline{PQ}$. Then let $J$ be a point such that $JKLM$ is a parallelogram. Find the perimeter of the convex hull of the self-intersecting $17$-gon $LETSTRADEBITCOINS$ to the nearest integer. A diagram has been included but may not be to scale. [asy] size(6cm); import olympiad; import cse5; pair A = dir(110); pair B = dir(210); pair C = dir(330); pair D = foot(A,B,C); pair E = foot(B,C,A); pair F = foot(C,A,B); pair G = centroid(A,B,C); pair H = orthocenter(A,B,C); pair I = incenter(A,B,C); pair isocon(pair targ) { return extension(A,2*foot(targ,I,A)-targ, C,2*foot(targ,I,C)-targ); } pair O = circumcenter(A,B,C); pair K = isocon(G); pair N = midpoint(O--H); pair U = extension(O,midpoint(B--C),A,I); pair V = extension(O,midpoint(C--A),B,I); pair W = extension(O,midpoint(A--B),C,I); pair X = -I + 2*U; pair Y = -I + 2*V; pair Z = -I + 2*W; pair R = isocon(midpoint(A--D)); pair S = isocon(midpoint(B--E)); pair T = isocon(midpoint(C--F)); pair L = 2*H-O; pair P = 0.5/conj(G); pair Q = 0.5/conj(H); pair M = midpoint(P--Q); pair J = K+M-L; draw(A--B--C--cycle); void draw_cevians(pair target) { draw(A--extension(A,target,B,C)); draw(B--extension(B,target,C,A)); draw(C--extension(C,target,A,B)); } draw_cevians(H); draw_cevians(G); draw_cevians(I); draw(unitcircle); draw(circumcircle(D,E,F)); draw(O--P); draw(O--Q); draw(P--Q); draw(CP(X,foot(X,B,C))); draw(CP(Y,foot(Y,C,A))); draw(CP(Z,foot(Z,A,B))); draw(J--K--L--M); draw(X--Y--Z--cycle); draw(A--X); draw(B--Y); draw(C--Z); draw(A--foot(X,A,B)); draw(A--foot(X,A,C)); draw(B--foot(Y,B,C)); draw(B--foot(Y,B,A)); draw(C--foot(Z,C,A)); draw(C--foot(Z,C,B)); pen p = black; dot(A, p); dot(B, p); dot(C, p); dot(D, p); dot(E, p); dot(F, p); dot(G, p); dot(H, p); dot(I, p); dot(J, p); dot(K, p); dot(L, p); dot(M, p); dot(N, p); dot(O, p); dot(P, p); dot(Q, p); dot(R, p); dot(S, p); dot(T, p); dot(U, p); dot(V, p); dot(W, p); dot(X, p); dot(Y, p); dot(Z, p); [/asy]

Let $x$ be the length of one side of a triangle and let $y$ be the height to that side. If $x+y=418$, find the maximum possible $\textit{integral value}$ of the area of the triangle.

Find all primes $p,q$ such that $p^3-q^7=p-q$.

Prove the existence of a unique sequence $\{u_n\} \ (n = 0, 1, 2 \ldots )$ of positive integers such that \[u_n^2 = \sum_{r=0}^n \binom{n+r}{r} u_{n-r} \qquad \text{for all } n \geq 0\]

If $a, b, c, d$ are reals with $a \ge b \ge c \ge d \ge 0$ and $b(b-a)+c(c-b)+d(d-c) \le 2 - \frac{a^2}{2}$, find the minimum value of the expression \begin{align*}\frac{1}{b+2006c-2006d}+\frac{1}{a+2006b-2006c-d} + \frac{1}{2007a-2006b-c+d} + \frac{1}{a-b+c+2006d}.\end{align*}

Find all functions $f : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ such that for all real $x,y$: $$ f(x^2) + xf(y) = f(x) f(x + f(y)) \, . $$

Prove that in every polygon there is a diagonal that cuts off a triangle and lies within the polygon.

Let $S=\{(i,j) \vert i,j=1,2,\ldots ,100\}$ be a set consisting of points on the coordinate plane. Each element of $S$ is colored one of four given colors. A subset $T$ of $S$ is called [i]colorful[/i] if $T$ consists of exactly $4$ points with distinct colors, which are the vertices of a rectangle whose sides are parallel to the coordinate axes. Find the maximum possible number of colorful subsets $S$ can have, among all legitimate coloring patters.