This website contains problems from math contests. Problems and corresponding tags were obtained from the Art of Problem Solving website.

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Found problems: 85335

Find all pairs $(p, q)$ of prime numbers satisfying \[ p^3+7q=q^9+5p^2+18p. \]
Let $Z=\{ z_1,\ldots, z_{n-1}\}$, $n\ge 2$, be a set of different complex numbers such that $Z$ contains the conjugate of any its element. a) Show that there exists a constant $C$, depending on $Z$, such that for any $\varepsilon\in (0,1)$ there exists an algebraic integer $x_0$ of degree $n$, whose algebraic conjugates $x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_{n-1}$ satisfy $|x_1-z_1|\le \varepsilon, \ldots, |x_{n-1}-z_{n-1}|\le \varepsilon$ and $|x_0|\le \frac{C}{\varepsilon}$. b) Show that there exists a set $Z=\{ z_1, \ldots, z_{n-1}\}$ and a positive number $c_n$ such that for any algebraic integer $x_0$ of degree $n$, whose algebraic conjugates satisfy $|x_1-z_1|\le \varepsilon,\ldots, |x_{n-1}-z_{n-1}|\le \varepsilon$, it also holds that $|x_0|>\frac{c_n}{\varepsilon}$. (translated by L. Erdős)
suppose that $O$ is the circumcenter of acute triangle $ABC$. we have circle with center $O$ that is tangent too $BC$ that named $w$ suppose that $X$ and $Y$ are the points of intersection of the tangent from $A$ to $w$ with line $BC$($X$ and $B$ are in the same side of $AO$) $T$ is the intersection of the line tangent to circumcirle of $ABC$ in $B$ and the line from $X$ parallel to $AC$. $S$ is the intersection of the line tangent to circumcirle of $ABC$ in $C$ and the line from $Y$ parallel to $AB$. prove that $ST$ is tangent $ABC$.
Let $S$ be the locus of all points $(x,y)$ in the first quadrant such that $\dfrac{x}{t}+\dfrac{y}{1-t}=1$ for some $t$ with $0<t<1$. Find the area of $S$.
We mean a traingle in $\mathbb Q^{n}$, 3 points that are not collinear in $\mathbb Q^{n}$ a) Suppose that $ABC$ is triangle in $\mathbb Q^{n}$. Prove that there is a triangle $A'B'C'$ in $\mathbb Q^{5}$ that $\angle B'A'C'=\angle BAC$. b) Find a natural $m$ that for each traingle that can be embedded in $\mathbb Q^{n}$ it can be embedded in $\mathbb Q^{m}$. c) Find a triangle that can be embedded in $\mathbb Q^{n}$ and no triangle similar to it can be embedded in $\mathbb Q^{3}$. d) Find a natural $m'$ that for each traingle that can be embedded in $\mathbb Q^{n}$ then there is a triangle similar to it, that can be embedded in $\mathbb Q^{m}$. You must prove the problem for $m=9$ and $m'=6$ to get complete mark. (Better results leads to additional mark.)
In equilateral $\triangle ABC$, point $D$ lies on $\overline{BC}$ such that the radius of the circumcircle $\Gamma_1$ of $\triangle ACD$ is $7$ and the radius of the incircle $\Gamma_2$ of $\triangle{ABD}$ is $2$. Suppose that $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$ intersect at points $X$ and $Y$. Find $XY$.
Show that for any vectors $a, b$ in Euclidean space, \[|a \times b|^3 \leq \frac{3 \sqrt 3}{8} |a|^2 |b|^2 |a-b|^2\] Remark. Here $\times$ denotes the vector product.
Prove that, least $30$% of the natural numbers $n$ between $1$ and $1000000$ the first digit of $2^n$ is $1$.
The sides $ AB$,$ BC$ and $ CA$ of the triangle $ ABC$ are tangent to the incircle of the triangle $ ABC$ with center $ I$ at the points $ C_1$,$ A_1$ and $ B_1$, respectively.Let $ B_2$ be the midpoint of the side $ AC$.Prove that the lines $ B_1I$, $ A_1C_1$ and $ BB_2$ are concurrent.
Let $a,b,c \in \mathbb{R}$. Prove that $$\sum_{cyc} (a^3-b^3)^2+3\sum_{cyc}(a^2-b^2)^2+6(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)(ab+ bc+ca) \ge 0.$$ [i](LightLucifer)[/i]
a) Prove that there are two polynomials in $ \mathbb Z[x]$ with at least one coefficient larger than 1387 such that coefficients of their product is in the set $ \{\minus{}1,0,1\}$. b) Does there exist a multiple of $ x^2\minus{}3x\plus{}1$ such that all of its coefficient are in the set $ \{\minus{}1,0,1\}$
Let $P_1P_2\ldots P_n$ be an $n$-gon such that for all $i,j \in \{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ where $i \neq j$, there exists $k \neq i,j$ such that $\angle P_iP_kP_j = 60^\circ$. Prove that $n=3$.
Let $ABC$ be a triangle. The incircle of $ABC$ touches the sides $AB$ and $AC$ at the points $Z$ and $Y$, respectively. Let $G$ be the point where the lines $BY$ and $CZ$ meet, and let $R$ and $S$ be points such that the two quadrilaterals $BCYR$ and $BCSZ$ are parallelogram. Prove that $GR=GS$. [i]Proposed by Hossein Karke Abadi, Iran[/i]
Circle $C_1$ has center $O$ and radius $OA$, and circle $C_2$ has diameter $OA$. $AB$ is a chord of circle $C_1$ and $BD$ may be constructed with $D$ on $OA$ such that $BD$ and $OA$ are perpendicular. Let $C$ be the point where $C_2$ and $BD$ intersect. If $AC = 1$, find $AB$.
Prove that number $1$ can be represented as a sum of a finite number $n$ of real numbers, less than $1,$ not necessarily distinct, which contain in their decimal representation only the digits $0$ and/or $7.$ Which is the least possible number $n$?
Let $a, b, c, d$ be four positive real numbers. Prove that $$a^{10} + b^{10}+c^{10} + d^{10} \ge (0.1a + 0.2b + 0.3c + 0.4d)^{10} + (0.4a + 0.3b + 0.2c + 0.ld)^{10} + (0.2a + 0.4b + 0.1c + 0.3d)^{10} + (0.3a + 0.1b + 0.4c + 0.2d)^{10}$$
Let $L$ be the length of the altitude to the hypotenuse of a right triangle with legs $5$ and $12$. Find the least integer greater than $L$.
Six standard fair six-sided dice are rolled and arranged in a row at random. Compute the expected number of dice showing the same number as the sixth die in the row.
There are 12 gold stars arranged in a circle on a blue background. Giorgi wants to label each star with one of the letters $G$, $E$, or $O$, such that no two consecutive stars have the same letter. Determine the number of distinct ways Giorgi can label the stars. [img]https://i.imgur.com/qIxdJ8j.jpeg[/img] [i]Proposed by Giorgi Arabidze, Georgia [/i]
Anna must write $7$ positive integers, not necessarily distinct, around a circle such that the following conditions are met: $\bullet$ The sum of the seven numbers equals $36$. $\bullet$ If two numbers are neighbours, the difference between the largest and the smallest is equal to $2$ or $3$. Find the maximum value of the largest of the numbers that Anna can write.
Given eight real numbers $a_1 \leq a_2 \leq \cdots \leq a_7 \leq a_8$. Let $x = \frac{ a_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_7 + a_8}{8}$, $y = \frac{ a_1^2 + a_2^2 + \cdots + a_7^2 + a_8^2}{8}$. Prove that \[2 \sqrt{y-x^2} \leq a_8 - a_1 \leq 4 \sqrt{y-x^2}.\]
Let n be a nonzero natural number. We say about a function f ∶ R ⟶ R that is n-positive if, for any real numbers $x_1, x_2,...,x_n$ with the property that $x_1+x_2+...+x_n = 0$, the inequality $f(x_1)+f(x_2)+...+f(x_n)=>0$ is true a) Is it true that any 2020-positive function is also 1010-positive? b) Is it true that any 1010-positive function is 2020-positive?
Two courier companies offer services in the country of Old Aland. For any two towns, at least one of the companies offers a direct link in both directions between them. Additionally, each company is willing to chain together deliveries (so if they offer a direct link from $A$ to $B$, and $B$ to $C$, and $C$ to $D$ for instance, they will deliver from $A$ to $D$.) Show that at least one of the two companies must be able to deliver packages between any two towns in Old Aland.
Let $r_A,r_B,r_C$ rays from point $P$. Define circles $w_A,w_B,w_C$ with centers $X,Y,Z$ such that $w_a$ is tangent to $r_B,r_C , w_B$ is tangent to $r_A, r_C$ and $w_C$ is tangent to $r_A,r_B$. Suppose $P$ lies inside triangle $XYZ$, and let $s_A,s_B,s_C$ be the internal tangents to circles $w_B$ and $w_C$; $w_A$ and $w_C$; $w_A$ and $w_B$ that do not contain rays $r_A,r_B,r_C$ respectively. Prove that $s_A, s_B, s_C$ concur at a point $Q$, and also that $P$ and $Q$ are isotomic conjugates. [b]PS: The rays can be lines and the problem is still true.[/b]
[b]8.[/b] Among all point lattices on the plane intersecting every closed convex region of unit width, which on's fundamental parallelogram has the largest area? ([b]G.36[/b]) [L. Fejes-Tóth]