Found problems: 85335
Let $f (x)$ be a polynomial with integer coefficients. Prove that if $f (x)= 1979$ for four different integer values of $x$, then $f (x)$ cannot be equal to $2\times 1979$ for any integral value of $x$.
Let $[AB]$ be a chord of the circle $\Gamma$ not passing through its center and let $M$ be the midpoint of $[AB].$ Let $C$ be a variable point on $\Gamma$ different from $A$ and $B$ and $P$ be the point of intersection of the tangent lines at $A$ of circumcircle of $CAM$ and at $B$ of circumcircle of $CBM.$ Show that all $CP$ lines pass through a fixed point.
Three equal regular tetrahedrons have the common center. Is it possible that all faces of the polyhedron that forms their intersection are equal?
A triangle $ ABC$ is inscribed in a circle $ C(O,R)$ and has incenter $ I$. Lines $ AI,BI,CI$ meet the circumcircle $ (O)$ of triangle $ ABC$ at points $ D,E,F$ respectively. The circles with diameter $ ID,IE,IF$ meet the sides $ BC,CA, AB$ at pairs of points $ (A_1,A_2), (B_1, B_2), (C_1, C_2)$ respectively.
Prove that the six points $ A_1,A_2, B_1, B_2, C_1, C_2$ are concyclic.
Babis
Let $p>2$ be a prime number and $n$ a positive integer. Prove that $pn^2$ has at most one positive divisor $d$ for which $n^2+d$ is a square number.
On each side of a unit square, an equilateral triangle of side length 1 is constructed. On each new side of each equilateral triangle, another equilateral triangle of side length 1 is constructed. The interiors of the square and the 12 triangles have no points in common. Let $ R$ be the region formed by the union of the square and all the triangles, and $ S$ be the smallest convex polygon that contains $ R$. What is the area of the region that is inside $ S$ but outside $ R$?
$ \textbf{(A)} \; \frac{1}{4} \qquad \textbf{(B)} \; \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4} \qquad \textbf{(C)} \; 1 \qquad \textbf{(D)} \; \sqrt{3} \qquad \textbf{(E)} \; 2 \sqrt{3}$
When simplified the product $\left(1-\frac13\right)\left(1-\frac14\right)\left(1-\frac15\right)\cdots\left(1-\frac1n\right)$ becomes:
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \frac1n \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \frac2n\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ \frac{2(n-1)}{n}\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ \frac{2}{n(n+1)}\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \frac{3}{n(n+1)} $
Given an acute triangle $ABC$ with $AB <AC$. Points $P$ and $Q$ lie on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ so that $BP$ and $CQ$ are perpendicular on that angle bisector. Suppose that point $E, F$ lie respectively at sides $AB$ and $AC$ respectively, in such a way that $AEPF$ is a kite. Prove that the lines $BC, PF$, and $QE$ intersect at one point.
A pair of integers $ (m,n)$ is called [i]good[/i] if
\[ m\mid n^2 \plus{} n \ \text{and} \ n\mid m^2 \plus{} m\]
Given 2 positive integers $ a,b > 1$ which are relatively prime, prove that there exists a [i]good[/i] pair $ (m,n)$ with $ a\mid m$ and $ b\mid n$, but $ a\nmid n$ and $ b\nmid m$.
Let $a$ and $b$ be integers.
Define $a$ to be a power of $b$ if there exists a positive integer $n$ such that $a = b^n$.
Define $a$ to be a multiple of $b$ if there exists an integer $n$ such that $a = bn$.
Let $x$, $y$ and $z$ be positive integer such that $z$ is a power of both $x$ and $y$.
Decide for each of the following statements whether it is true or false. Prove your answers.
(a) The number $x + y$ is even.
(b) One of $x$ and $y$ is a multiple of the other one.
(c) One of $x$ and $y$ is a power of the other one.
(d) There exist an integer $v$ such that both $x$ and $y$ are powers of $v$
(e) For each power of $x$ and for each power of $y$, an integer $w$ can be found such that $w$ is a power of each of these powers.
(f) There exists a positive integer $k$ such that $x^k > y$.
Let $N$ be the smallest positive integer $N$ such that $2008N$ is a perfect square and $2007N$ is a perfect cube. Find the remainder when $N$ is divided by $25$.
$\begin{array}{@{\hspace{-1em}}l@{\hspace{14em}}l@{\hspace{14em}}l}
\textbf{(A) }0&\textbf{(B) }1&\textbf{(C) }2\\\\
\textbf{(D) }3&\textbf{(E) }4&\textbf{(F) }5\\\\
\textbf{(G) }6&\textbf{(H) }7&\textbf{(I) }8\\\\
\textbf{(J) }9&\textbf{(K) }10&\textbf{(L) }11\\\\
\textbf{(M) }12&\textbf{(N) }13&\textbf{(O) }14\\\\
\textbf{(P) }15&\textbf{(Q) }16&\textbf{(R) }17\\\\
\textbf{(S) }18&\textbf{(T) }19&\textbf{(U) }20\\\\
\textbf{(V) }21&\textbf{(W) }22 & \textbf{(X) }23 \end{array}$
Find all positive integers $d$ for which there exist polynomials $P(x)$ and $Q(x)$ with real coefficients such that degree of $P$ equals $d$ and
$$P(x)^2+1=(x^2+1)Q(x)^2.$$
Following the previous set up, find the speed $v$ of the small block after it leaves the slope.
(A) $v=v_\text{0}$
(B) $v=\frac{m}{m+M}v_\text{0}$
(C) $v=\frac{M}{m+M}v_\text{0}$
(D) $v=\frac{M-m}{m}v_\text{0}$
(E) $v=\frac{M-m}{m+M}v_\text{0}$
$AB$ and $AC$ are tangents to a circle $\omega$ with center $O$ at $B,C$ respectively. Point $P$ is a variable point on minor arc $BC$. The tangent at $P$ to $\omega$ meets $AB,AC$ at $D,E$ respectively. $AO$ meets $BP,CP$ at $U,V$ respectively. The line through $P$ perpendicular to $AB$ intersects $DV$ at $M$, and the line through $P$ perpendicular to $AC$ intersects $EU$ at $N$. Prove that as $P$ varies, $MN$ passes through a fixed point.
Mongolia TST 2011 Test 1 #2
Let $p$ be a prime number. Prove that:
$\sum_{k=0}^p (-1)^k \dbinom{p}{k} \dbinom{p+k}{k} \equiv -1 (\mod p^3)$
(proposed by B. Batbayasgalan, inspired by Putnam olympiad problem)
Note: I believe they meant to say $p>2$ as well.
For how many different values of integer $n$, one can find $n$ different lines in the plane such that each line intersects with exacly $2004$ of other lines?
$
\textbf{(A)}\ 12
\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 11
\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 9
\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 6
\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 1
$
Janson wants to find a sequence of positive integers $a_{1}, a_{2}, . . . , a_{2024}$ such that each term is at least $10$, and $a_{i}$ has exactly $a_{i+1}$ divisors for all $1 \leq i \leq 2023$.
Can you help him find one such sequence, or is this task impossible?
[b]a)[/b] Prove that for any natural numbers $ n, $ the inequality
$$ e^{2-1/n} >\prod_{k=1}^n (1+1/k^2) $$
holds.
[b]b)[/b] Prove that the sequence $ \left( a_n \right)_{n\ge 1} $ with $ a_1=1 $ and defined by the recursive relation $ a_{n+1}=\frac{2}{n^2}\sum_{k=1}^n ka_k $ is nondecreasing. Is it convergent?
The taxicab distance between points $(x_1, y_1$) and $(x_2, y_2)$ is $|x_2 -x_1|+|y_2 -y_1|$. A regular octagon is positioned in the $xy$ plane so that one of its sides has endpoints $(0, 0)$ and $(1, 0)$. Let $S$ be the set of all points inside the octagon whose taxicab distance from some octagon vertex is at most $2/3$. The area of $S$ can be written as $m/n$ , where $m, n$ are positive integers and $gcd (m, n) = 1$. Find $100m + n$.
Consider the expression $M(n, m)=|n\sqrt{n^2+a}-bm|$, where $n$ and $m$ are arbitrary positive integers and the numbers $a$ and $b$ are fixed, moreover $a$ is an odd positive integer and $b$ is a rational number with an odd denominator of its representation as an irreducible fraction.
Prove that there is
[b]a)[/b] no more than a finite number of pairs $(n, m)$ for which $M(n, m)=0$;
[b]b)[/b] a positive constant $C$ such that the inequality $M(n, m)\geqslant0$ holds for all pairs $(n, m)$ with $M(n, m)\ne 0$.
the positive divisors $d_1,d_2,\cdots,d_k$ of a positive integer $n$ are ordered
\[1=d_1<d_2<\cdots<d_k=n\]
Suppose $d_7^2+d_{15}^2=d_{16}^2$. Find all possible values of $d_{17}$.
Find all the real number triples $(x, y, z)$ satisfying the following system of inequalities under the condition $0 < x, y, z < \sqrt{2}$:
$$y\sqrt{4-x^2y^2}\ge \frac{2}{\sqrt{xz}}$$
$$x\sqrt{4-x^2z^2}\ge \frac{2}{\sqrt{yz}}$$
$$z\sqrt{4-y^2z^2}\ge \frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}$$.
Given a $m\times n$ grid rectangle with $m,n \ge 4$ and a closed path $P$ that is not self intersecting from inner points of the grid, let $A$ be the number of points on $P$ such that $P$ does not turn in them and let $B$ be the number of squares that $P$ goes through two non-adjacent sides of them furthermore let $C$ be the number of squares with no side in $P$. Prove that $$A=B-C+m+n-1.$$
For real numbers $w$ and $z$,
\[ \frac{\frac{1}{w} + \frac{1}{z}}{\frac{1}{w} - \frac{1}{z}} = 2014. \]
What is $\tfrac{w+z}{w-z}$ ?
${ \textbf{(A)}\ \ -2014\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \frac{-1}{2014}\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ \frac{1}{2014}\qquad\textbf{(D)}}\ 1\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 2014$
For every four-digit number, we take the product of its four digits. Then we add all of these products together . What is the result?
( G Galperin)