Found problems: 2265
A cylindrical tank with radius $ 4$ feet and height $ 9$ feet is lying on its side. The tank is filled with water to a depth of $ 2$ feet. What is the volume of the water, in cubic feet?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ 24\pi \minus{} 36 \sqrt {2} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 24\pi \minus{} 24 \sqrt {3} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 36\pi \minus{} 36 \sqrt {3} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 36\pi \minus{} 24 \sqrt {2} \\ \textbf{(E)}\ 48\pi \minus{} 36 \sqrt {3}$
Prove that the sums of the opposite dihedral angles of a tetrahedron are equal if and only if the sums of the opposite edges of this tetrahedron are equal.
Let $ r$ and $ s$ two orthogonal lines that does not lay on the same plane. Let $ AB$ be their common perpendicular, where $ A\in{}r$ and $ B\in{}s$(*).Consider the sphere of diameter $ AB$. The points $ M\in{r}$ and $ N\in{s}$ varies with the condition that $ MN$ is tangent to the sphere on the point $ T$. Find the locus of $ T$.
Note: The plane that contains $ B$ and $ r$ is perpendicular to $ s$.
Is it possible to choose a set of $100$ (or $200$) points on the boundary of a cube such that this set is fixed under each isometry of the cube into itself? Justify your answer.
A right triangle $A_1 A_2 A_3$ with side lengths $6,\,8,$ and $10$ on a plane $\mathcal P$ is given. Three spheres $S_1,S_2$ and $S_3$ with centers $O_1, O_2,$ and $O_3,$ respectively, are located on the same side of the plane $\mathcal P$ in such a way that $S_i$ is tangent to $\mathcal P$ at $A_i$ for $i = 1, 2, 3.$ Assume $S_1, S_2, S_3$ are pairwise externally tangent. Find the area of triangle $O_1O_2O_3.$
Let $ ABCDA'B'C'D'$ be a cube. On the sides $ (A'D')$, $ (A'B')$ and $ (A'A)$ we consider the points $ M_1$, $ N_1$ and $ P_1$ respectively. On the sides $ (CB)$, $ (CD)$ and $ (CC')$ we consider the points $ M_2$, $ N_2$ and $ P_2$ respectively. Let $ d_1$ be the distance between the lines $ M_1N_1$ and $ M_2N_2$, $ d_2$ be the distance between the lines $ N_1P_1$ and $ N_2P_2$, and $ d_3$ be the distance between the lines $ P_1M_1$ and $ P_2M_2$. Suppose that the distances $ d_1$, $ d_2$ and $ d_3$ are pairwise distinct. Prove that the lines $ M_1M_2$, $ N_1N_2$ and $ P_1P_2$ are concurrent.
We are given $n$ identical cubes, each of size $1\times 1\times 1$. We arrange all of these $n$ cubes to produce one or more congruent rectangular solids, and let $B(n)$ be the number of ways to do this.
For example, if $n=12$, then one arrangement is twelve $1\times1\times1$ cubes, another is one $3\times 2\times2$ solid, another is three $2\times 2\times1$ solids, another is three $4\times1\times1$ solids, etc. We do not consider, say, $2\times2\times1$ and $1\times2\times2$ to be different; these solids are congruent. You may wish to verify, for example, that $B(12) =11$.
Find, with proof, the integer $m$ such that $10^m<B(2015^{100})<10^{m+1}$.
Eight identical cubes with of size $1 \times 1 \times 1$ each have the numbers $1$ through $6$ written on their faces with the number $1$ written on the face opposite number $2$, number $3$ written on the face opposite number $5$, and number $4$ written on the face opposite number $6$. The eight cubes are stacked into a single $2 \times 2 \times 2$ cube. Add all of the numbers appearing on the outer surface of the new cube. Let $M$ be the maximum possible value for this sum, and $N$ be the minimum possible value for this sum. Find $M - N$.
In regular tetrahedron $ABCD$, $E\in AB,F\in CD$, satisfying: $\frac{|AE|}{|EB|}=\frac{|CF|}{|FD|}=\lambda(\lambda\in R_+)$. Note that $f(\lambda)=\alpha_{\lambda}+\beta_{\lambda}$, where $\alpha_{\lambda}=<EF,AC>,\alpha_{\lambda}=<EF,BD>$.
$\text{(A)}$ $f(\lambda)$ increases in $(0,+\infty)$
$\text{(B)}$ $f(\lambda)$ decreases in $(0,+\infty)$
$\text{(C)}$ $f(\lambda)$ increases in $(0,1)$, decreases in $(1,+\infty)$
$\text{(D)}$ $f(\lambda)$ is a fixed value in $(0,+\infty)$
The graph of the equation $9x+223y=2007$ is drawn on graph paper with each square representing one unit in each direction. How many of the $1$ by $1$ graph paper squares have interiors lying entirely below the graph and entirely in the first quadrant?
In the tetrahedron $ABCD$ the radius of its inscribed sphere is $r$ and the radiuses of the exinscribed spheres (each tangent with a face of the tetrahedron and with the planes of the other faces) are $r_A, r_B, r_C, r_D.$ Prove the inequality $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{r_A^2-r_Ar_B+r_B^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{r_B^2-r_Br_C+r_C^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{r_C^2-r_Cr_D+r_D^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{r_D^2-r_Dr_A+r_A^2}}\leq\frac{2}{r}.$$
Given four non-coplanar points, is it always possible to find a plane such that the orthogonal projections of the points onto the plane are the vertices of a parallelogram? How many such planes are there in general?
Given a triangle $ABC$. Consider all the tetrahedrons $PABC$ with $PH$ -- the smallest of all tetrahedron's heights. Describe the set of all possible points $H$.
If $ x$ varies as the cube of $ y$, and $ y$ varies as the fifth root of $ z$, then $ x$ varies as the $ n$th power of $ z$, where $ n$ is:
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \frac{1}{15} \qquad
\textbf{(B)}\ \frac{5}{3} \qquad
\textbf{(C)}\ \frac{3}{5} \qquad
\textbf{(D)}\ 15 \qquad
\textbf{(E)}\ 8$
Let $ABCDV$ be a regular quadrangular pyramid with $V$ as the apex. The plane $\lambda$ intersects the $VA$, $VB$, $VC$ and $VD$ at $M$, $N$, $P$, $Q$ respectively. Find $VQ : QD$, if $VM : MA = 2 : 1$, $VN : NB = 1 : 1$ and $VP : PC = 1 : 2$.
In a sign pyramid a cell gets a "+" if the two cells below it have the same sign, and it gets a "-" if the two cells below it have different signs. The diagram below illustrates a sign pyramid with four levels. How many possible ways are there to fill the four cells in the bottom row to produce a "+" at the top of the pyramid?
[asy]
unitsize(2cm);
path box = (-0.5,-0.2)--(-0.5,0.2)--(0.5,0.2)--(0.5,-0.2)--cycle;
draw(box); label("$+$",(0,0));
draw(shift(1,0)*box); label("$-$",(1,0));
draw(shift(2,0)*box); label("$+$",(2,0));
draw(shift(3,0)*box); label("$-$",(3,0));
draw(shift(0.5,0.4)*box); label("$-$",(0.5,0.4));
draw(shift(1.5,0.4)*box); label("$-$",(1.5,0.4));
draw(shift(2.5,0.4)*box); label("$-$",(2.5,0.4));
draw(shift(1,0.8)*box); label("$+$",(1,0.8));
draw(shift(2,0.8)*box); label("$+$",(2,0.8));
draw(shift(1.5,1.2)*box); label("$+$",(1.5,1.2));
[/asy]
$\textbf{(A) } 2 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 4 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 8 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 12 \qquad \textbf{(E) } 16$
Consider a regular triangular pyramid with base $\vartriangle ABC$ and apex $D$. If we have $AB = BC =AC = 6$ and $AD = BD = CD = 4$, calculate the surface area of the circumsphere of the pyramid.
Let $ABCD$ be a random tetrahedron. Let $E$ and $F$ be the midpoints of segments $AB$ and $CD$, respectively. If the angle $a$ is between $AD$ and $BC$, determine $cos a$ in terms of $EF, AD$ and $BC$.
Suppose two regular pyramids with the same base $ABC$: $P-ABC$ and $Q-ABC$ are circumscribed by the same sphere. If the angle formed by one of the lateral face and the base of pyramid $P-ABC$ is $\frac{\pi}{4}$, find the tangent value of the angle formed by one of the lateral face and the base of the pyramid $Q-ABC$.
Let $E$ be a Euclidean space of at most three dimensions. If $A$ is a nonempty subset of $E$, define $S(A)$ to be the set of points that lie on closed segments joining pairs of points of $A$ (a one-point set should be considered to be a special case of a closed segment). For a given nonempty set $A_0$, define $A_n =S(A_{n-1})$ for $n=1,2,\ldots$ Prove that $A_2 =A_3 =\ldots.$
Segments $\overline{AB}, \overline{AC},$ and $\overline{AD}$ are edges of a cube and $\overline{AG}$ is a diagonal through the center of the cube. Point $P$ satisfies $BP=60\sqrt{10}$, $CP=60\sqrt{5}$, $DP=120\sqrt{2}$, and $GP=36\sqrt{7}$. Find $AP.$
A right circular cone has base radius $ r$ and height $ h$. The cone lies on its side on a flat table. As the cone rolls on the surface of the table without slipping, the point where the cone's base meets the table traces a circular arc centered at the point where the vertex touches the table. The cone first returns to its original position on the table after making $ 17$ complete rotations. The value of $ h/r$ can be written in the form $ m\sqrt {n}$, where $ m$ and $ n$ are positive integers and $ n$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $ m \plus{} n$.
Consider a cone of revolution with an inscribed sphere tangent to the base of the cone. A cylinder is circumscribed about this sphere so that one of its bases lies in the base of the cone. let $V_1$ be the volume of the cone and $V_2$ be the volume of the cylinder.
a) Prove that $V_1 \neq V_2$;
b) Find the smallest number $k$ for which $V_1=kV_2$; for this case, construct the angle subtended by a diamter of the base of the cone at the vertex of the cone.
Actually, this is an MO I participated in :) but it's really hard to get problems from this year if you don't know some people.
P1. Let $f$ be a function satisfying $f(x + 1) + f(x - 1) = \sqrt{2} f(x)$, for all reals $x$. If $f(x - 1) = a$ and $f(x) = b$, determine the value of $f(x + 4)$.
[hide=Remarks]We found out that this is the modified version of a problem from LMNAS UGM 2008, Senior High School Level, on its First Round. This is also the same with Arthur Engel's "Problem Solving Strategies" Book, Example Problem E2.[/hide]
P2. The sequence of "Sanga" numbers is formed by the following procedure.
i. Pick a positive integer $n$.
ii. The first term of the sequence $(U_1)$ is $9n$.
iii. For $k \geq 2$, $U_k = U_{k-1} - 17$.
Sanga$[r]$ is the "Sanga" sequence whose smallest positive term is $r$.
As an example, for $n = 3$, the "Sanga" sequence which is formed is $27, 10, -7, -24, -41, \ldots.$ Since the smallest positive term of such sequence is $10$, for $n = 3$, the sequence formed is called Sanga$[10]$. For $n \leq 100$, determine the sum of all $n$ which makes the sequence Sanga$[4]$.
P3. The cube $ABCD.EFGH$ has an edge length of 6 cm. Point $R$ is on the extension of line (segment) $EH$ with $EH : ER = 1 : 2$, such that triangle $AFR$ cuts edge $GH$ at point $P$ and cuts edge $DH$ at $Q$. Determine the area of the region bounded by the quadrilateral $AFPQ$.
[url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/q1h2395046p19649729]P4[/url]. Ten skydivers are planning to form a circle formation when they are in the air by holding hands with both adjacent skydivers. If each person has 2 choices for the colour of his/her uniform to be worn, that is, red or white, determine the number of different colour formations that can be constructed.
P5. After pressing the start button, a game machine works according to the following procedure.
i. It picks 7 numbers randomly from 1 to 9 (these numbers are integers, not stated but corrected) without showing it on screen.
ii. It shows the product of the seven chosen numbes on screen.
iii. It shows a calculator menu (it does not function as a calculator) on screen and asks the player whether the sum of the seven chosen numbers is odd or even.
iv. Shows the seven chosen numbers and their sum and products.
v. Releases a prize if the guess of the player was correct or shows the message "Try again" on screen if the guess by the player was incorrect. (Although the player is not allowed to guess with those numbers, and the machine's procedures are started all over again.)
Kiki says that this game is really easy since the probability of winning is greater than $90$%. Explain, whether you agree with Kiki.
Given a tetrahedron $ABCD$, $E$, $F$, $G$, are on the respectively on the segments $AB$, $AC$ and $AD$. Prove that:
i) area $EFG \leq$ max{area $ABC$,area $ABD$,area $ACD$,area $BCD$}.
ii) The same as above replacing "area" for "perimeter".