Found problems: 2349
Let $f$ be a function on non-negative integers defined as follows $$f(2n)=f(f(n))~~~\text{and}~~~f(2n+1)=f(2n)+1$$
[b](a)[/b] If $f(0)=0$ , find $f(n)$ for every $n$.
[b](b)[/b] Show that $f(0)$ cannot equal $1$.
[b](c)[/b] For what non-negative integers $k$ (if any) can $f(0)$ equal $2^k$ ?
Find all functions $ f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ such that for all real numbers $ x,y$:
$ x f(x)\minus{}yf(y)\equal{}(x\minus{}y)f(x\plus{}y)$.
Find all functions $f:\mathbb{Q}\rightarrow\mathbb{Q}$ and $g:\mathbb{Q}\rightarrow\mathbb{Q}$ such that
$$f(f(x)+yg(x))=(x+1)g(y)+f(y)$$
for any $x;y\in\mathbb{Q}$
Find all functions f : $R \to R $such that for all $x, y \in R$:
$$f(x + yf(x)) = f(xf(y)) - x + f(y + f(x)).$$
Find all functions $f: \mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z}$ such that
\[
f(x) + f(y - 1) + f(f(y - f(x))) = 1
\]
for all integers $x$ and $y$.
Find all functions $f:[-1,1] \rightarrow \mathbb{R},$ which satisfy
$$f(\sin{x})+f(\cos{x})=2020$$
for any real number $x.$
Let $\mathbb{R}^+$ denote the set of positive real numbers. Find all functions $f: \mathbb{R}^+ \to \mathbb{R}^+$ such that for each $x \in \mathbb{R}^+$, there is exactly one $y \in \mathbb{R}^+$ satisfying $$xf(y)+yf(x) \leq 2$$
Let $f: \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ and $g: \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ be two functions satisfying
\[\forall x,y \in \mathbb R: \begin{cases} f(x+y)=f(x)f(y),\\ f(x)= x g(x)+1\end{cases} \quad \text{and} \quad \lim_{x \to 0} g(x)=1.\]
Find the derivative of $f$ in an arbitrary point $x.$
The function $f$ satisfies the functional equation \[f(x) +f(y) = f(x + y ) - xy - 1\] for every pair $x,~ y$ of real numbers. If $f( 1) = 1$, then the number of integers $n \neq 1$ for which $f ( n ) = n$ is
$\textbf{(A) }0\qquad\textbf{(B) }1\qquad\textbf{(C) }2\qquad\textbf{(D) }3\qquad\textbf{(E) }\text{infinite}$
Let $f(x)$ be a polynomial such that $2f(x) + f(2 - x) = 5 + x$ for any real number x. Find the value of $f(0) + f(2)$.
A. $4$ B. $0$ C.$ 2$ D. $3$ E. $1$
For every $ n\in\mathbb{N}$ let $ d(n)$ denote the number of (positive) divisors of $ n$. Find all functions $ f: \mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}$ with the following properties: [list][*] $ d\left(f(x)\right) \equal{} x$ for all $ x\in\mathbb{N}$.
[*] $ f(xy)$ divides $ (x \minus{} 1)y^{xy \minus{} 1}f(x)$ for all $ x$, $ y\in\mathbb{N}$.[/list]
[i]Proposed by Bruno Le Floch, France[/i]
Let $\mathbb{F}_p$ be the set of integers modulo $p$. Call a function $f : \mathbb{F}_p^2 \to \mathbb{F}_p$ [i]quasiperiodic[/i] if there exist $a,b \in \mathbb{F}_p$, not both zero, so that $f(x + a, y + b) = f(x, y)$ for all $x,y \in \mathbb{F}_p$.
Find the number of functions $\mathbb{F}_p^2 \to \mathbb{F}_p$ that can be written as the sum of some number of quasiperiodic functions.
A function $f$ is given by $f(x) = x^2 - 2x$ .
Prove that there exists a number a which satisfies $f(f(a)) = a$ without satisfying $f(a) = a$ .
The polynomials $P$, $Q$, $R$ with real coefficients, one of which is degree $2$ and two of degree $3$, satisfy the equality $P^2+Q^2=R^2$. Prove that one of the polynomials of degree $3$ has three real roots.
Determine the positive numbers $a{}$ for which the following statement true: for any function $f:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}$ which is continuous at each point of this interval and for which $f(0)=f(1)=0$, the equation $f(x+a)-f(x)=0$ has at least one solution.
[i]Proposed by I. Yaglom[/i]
Determine all functions $f:\mathbb{R}^+\to\mathbb{R}^+$ satisfying $xf(xf(2y))=y+xyf(x)$ for all $x,y>0$.
Let $F$ be an increasing real function defined for all $x, 0 \le x \le 1$, satisfying the conditions
(i) $F (\frac{x}{3}) = \frac{F(x)}{2}$.
(ii) $F(1- x) = 1 - F(x)$.
Determine $F(\frac{173}{1993})$ and $F(\frac{1}{13})$ .
There is a unique continuous function $f$ over the positive real numbers satisfying $f(4) = 1$ and
\[ 9 - (f(x))^4 = \frac{x^2}{(f(x))^2} - 2xf(x) \]
for all positive $x$. Compute the value of $\int_{0}^{140} (f(x))^3\,dx$.
Let $\alpha\in\mathbb{Q}^+$. Determine all functions $f:\mathbb{Q}^+\to\mathbb{Q}^+$ that for all $x,y\in\mathbb{Q}^+$ satisfy the equation
\[ f\left(\frac{x}{y}+y\right) ~=~ \frac{f(x)}{f(y)}+f(y)+\alpha x.\]
Here $\mathbb{Q}^+$ denote the set of positive rational numbers.
(Proposed by Walther Janous)
Find all funtions $f : Z_{>0} \to Z_{>0}$ that satisfy $f(f(f(n))) + f(f(n)) + f(n) = 3n$ for all $n \in Z_{>0}$ .
Find all functions $f:\Bbb {R} \rightarrow \Bbb {R} $ such that:
$$f(x+y)f(x^2-xy+y^2)=x^3+y^3$$
for all reals $x, y $.
Find all functions $f : R \to R$ such that $$f(x + y) \ge xf(x) + yf(y)$$, for all $x, y \in R$ .
Find all functions $f: \mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ satisfying:
$\frac{f(xy)+f(xz)}{2} - f(x)f(yz) \geq \frac{1}{4}$ for all $x,y,z \in \mathbb{R}$
[b]p1.[/b] Jack made $3$ quarts of fruit drink from orange and apple juice. His drink contains $45\%$ of orange juice. Nick prefers more orange juice in the drink. How much orange juice should he add to the drink to obtain a drink composed of $60\%$ of orange juice?
[b]p2.[/b] A square is tiled by smaller squares as shown in the figure. Find the area of the black square in the middle if the perimeter of the big square $ABCD$ is $40$ cm.
[img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/8/c/d54925cba07f63ec8578048f46e1e730cb8df3.png[/img]
[b]p3.[/b] For one particular number $a > 0$ the function f satisfies the equality $f(x + a) =\frac{1 + f(x)}{1 - f(x)}$ for all $x$. Show that $f$ is a periodic function. (A function $f$ is periodic with the period $T$ if $f(x + T) = f(x)$ for any $x$.)
[b]p4.[/b] If $a, b, c, x, y, z$ are numbers so that $\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}= 1$ and $\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}= 0$. Show that $\frac{x^2}{a^2} +\frac{y^2}{b^2} +\frac{z^2}{c^2} = 1$
[b]p5.[/b] Is it possible that a four-digit number $AABB$ is a perfect square?
(Same letters denote the same digits).
[b]p6.[/b] A finite number of arcs of a circle are painted black (see figure). The total length of these arcs is less than $\frac15$ of the circumference. Show that it is possible to inscribe a square in the circle so that all vertices of the square are in the unpainted portion of the circle.
[img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/2/c/bdfa61917a47f3de5dd3684627792a9ebf05d5.png[/img]
PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].
Find all functions \(f:\mathbb{R}^{+} \to \mathbb{R}^{+}\) such that
\[
f(x) > x \ \ \text{and} \ \ f(x-y+xy+f(y)) = f(x+y) + xf(y)
\]
for arbitrary positive real numbers \(x\) and \(y\).