This website contains problems from math contests. Problems and corresponding tags were obtained from the Art of Problem Solving website.

Tags were heavily modified to better represent problems.

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Found problems: 242

Show that for $n\ge 5$, a cross-section of a pyramid whose base is a regular $n$-gon cannot be a regular $(n + 1)$-gon. [i]N. Agakhanov, N. Tereshin[/i]
Let $VABCD$ be a regular pyramid, having the square base $ABCD$. Suppose that on the line $AC$ lies a point $M$ such that $VM=MB$ and $(VMB)\perp (VAB)$. Prove that $4AM=3AC$. [i]Mircea Fianu[/i]
Are there convex $n$-gonal ($n \ge 4$) and triangular pyramids such that the four trihedral angles of the $n$-gonal pyramid are equal trihedral angles of a triangular pyramid? [hide=original wording] Существуют ли выпуклая n-угольная (n>= 4) и треугольная пирамиды такие, что четыре трехгранных угла n-угольной пирамиды равны трехгранным углам треугольной пирамиды?[/hide]
The circular base of a hemisphere of radius $2$ rests on the base of a square pyramid of height $6$. The hemisphere is tangent to the other four faces of the pyramid. What is the edge-length of the base of the pyramid? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 3\sqrt{2} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{13}{3} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 4\sqrt{2} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 6 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac{13}{2} $
Let $ABCD$ be a regular triangular pyramid with base $ABC$ (this means that $ABC$ is a regular triangle, and edges $AD$, $BD$ and $CD$ are equal) and plane angles at the opposite vertex equal to $a$. A plane parallel to $ABC$ intersects $AD$, $BD$ and $CD$, respectively, at points $A_1$, $B_1$ and $C_1$. The surface of the polyhedron $ABCA_1B_1C_1$ is cut along five edges: $A_1B_1$, $B_1C_1$, $C_1C$, $CA$ and $AB$, after which this surface is turned onto a plane. At what values of $a$ will the resulting scan necessarily cover itself?
The plane angles at vertex $D$ of the pyramid $ABCD$ are equal to $\alpha$,$\beta$ and $\gamma$ ($\angle CDB = a$). An arbitrary point $M$ is taken on edge $CB$. A ball is inscribed in each of the pyramids $ABDM$ and $ACDM$. Let us draw through $D$ a plane distinct from $BCD$, tangent to both balls and not intersecting the segment connecting the centers of the balls. Let this plane intersect the segment $AM$ at point $P$. What is $\angle ADP$ equal to?
Lines that are drawn perpendicular to the faces of a triangular pyramid through the centers of the inscribed circles intersect at one point. Prove that the sums of the opposite edges of such a pyramid are equal to each other.
A tetrahedron has the side lengths positive integers, such that the product of any two opposite sides equals 6. Prove that the tetrahedron is a regular triangular pyramid in which the lateral sides form an angle of at least 30 degrees with the base plane.
Color the vertexes of a quadrangular pyramid in one color, satisfying that two end points of any edge are in different colors. We have only 5 colors, then the number of ways coloring the quadrangular pyramid is________.
In the rectangular parallelpiped shown, $AB = 3, BC= 1,$ and $CG = 2.$ Point $M$ is the midpoint of $\overline{FG}$. What is the volume of the rectangular pyramid with base $BCHE$ and apex $M$? [asy] size(250); defaultpen(fontsize(10pt)); pair A =origin; pair B = (4.75,0); pair E1=(0,3); pair F = (4.75,3); pair G = (5.95,4.2); pair C = (5.95,1.2); pair D = (1.2,1.2); pair H= (1.2,4.2); pair M = ((4.75+5.95)/2,3.6); draw(E1--M--H--E1--A--B--E1--F--B--M--C--G--H); draw(B--C); draw(F--G); draw(A--D--H--C--D,dashed); label("$A$",A,SW); label("$B$",B,SE); label("$C$",C,E); label("$D$",D,W); label("$E$",E1,W); label("$F$",F,SW); label("$G$",G,NE); label("$H$",H,NW); label("$M$",M,N); dot(A); dot(B); dot(E1); dot(F); dot(G); dot(C); dot(D); dot(H); dot(M); label("3",A/2+B/2,S); label("2",C/2+G/2,E); label("1",C/2+B/2,SE);[/asy] $\textbf{(A) } 1 \qquad \textbf{(B) } \frac{4}{3} \qquad \textbf{(C) } \frac{3}{2} \qquad \textbf{(D) } \frac{5}{3} \qquad \textbf{(E) } 2$
Prove that among any five distinct rays $ Ox$, $ Oy$, $ Oz$, $ Ot$, $ Or$ in space there exist two which form an angle less than or equal to $ 90^{\circ}$.
Let $SABC$ be the pyramid where$ m(\angle ASB) = m(\angle BSC) = m(\angle CSA) = 90^o$. Show that, whatever the point $M \in AS$ is and whatever the point $N \in BC$ is, holds the relation $$\frac{1}{MN^2} \le \frac{1}{SB^2} + \frac{1}{SC^2}.$$
A cuboctahedron is a solid with 6 square faces and 8 equilateral triangle faces, with each edge adjacent to both a square and a triangle (see picture). Suppose the ratio of the volume of an octahedron to a cuboctahedron with the same side length is $r$. Find $100r^2$. [asy] // dragon96, replacing // [img]http://i.imgur.com/08FbQs.png[/img] size(140); defaultpen(linewidth(.7)); real alpha=10, x=-0.12, y=0.025, r=1/sqrt(3); path hex=rotate(alpha)*polygon(6); pair A = shift(x,y)*(r*dir(330+alpha)), B = shift(x,y)*(r*dir(90+alpha)), C = shift(x,y)*(r*dir(210+alpha)); pair X = (-A.x, -A.y), Y = (-B.x, -B.y), Z = (-C.x, -C.y); int i; pair[] H; for(i=0; i<6; i=i+1) { H[i] = dir(alpha+60*i);} fill(X--Y--Z--cycle, rgb(204,255,255)); fill(H[5]--Y--Z--H[0]--cycle^^H[2]--H[3]--X--cycle, rgb(203,153,255)); fill(H[1]--Z--X--H[2]--cycle^^H[4]--H[5]--Y--cycle, rgb(255,203,153)); fill(H[3]--X--Y--H[4]--cycle^^H[0]--H[1]--Z--cycle, rgb(153,203,255)); draw(hex^^X--Y--Z--cycle); draw(H[1]--B--H[2]^^H[3]--C--H[4]^^H[5]--A--H[0]^^A--B--C--cycle, linewidth(0.6)+linetype("5 5")); draw(H[0]--Z--H[1]^^H[2]--X--H[3]^^H[4]--Y--H[5]);[/asy]
Let $VA_1A_2\ldots A_n$ be a pyramid, where $n\ge 4$. A plane $\Pi$ intersects the edges $VA_1,VA_2,\ldots, VA_n$ at the points $B_1,B_2,\ldots,B_n$ respectively such that the polygons $A_1A_2\ldots A_n$ and $B_1B_2\ldots B_n$ are similar. Prove that the plane $\Pi$ is parallel to the plane containing the base $A_1A_2\ldots A_n$. [i]Laurentiu Panaitopol[/i]
A $4\times 4\times h$ rectangular box contains a sphere of radius $2$ and eight smaller spheres of radius $1$. The smaller spheres are each tangent to three sides of the box, and the larger sphere is tangent to each of the smaller spheres. What is $h$? [asy] import graph3; import solids; real h=2+2*sqrt(7); currentprojection=orthographic((0.75,-5,h/2+1),target=(2,2,h/2)); currentlight=light(4,-4,4); draw((0,0,0)--(4,0,0)--(4,4,0)--(0,4,0)--(0,0,0)^^(4,0,0)--(4,0,h)--(4,4,h)--(0,4,h)--(0,4,0)); draw(shift((1,3,1))*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw(shift((3,3,1))*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw(shift((3,1,1))*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw(shift((1,1,1))*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw(shift((2,2,h/2))*scale(2,2,2)*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw(shift((1,3,h-1))*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw(shift((3,3,h-1))*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw(shift((3,1,h-1))*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw(shift((1,1,h-1))*unitsphere,gray(0.85)); draw((0,0,0)--(0,0,h)--(4,0,h)^^(0,0,h)--(0,4,h)); [/asy] $\textbf{(A) }2+2\sqrt 7\qquad \textbf{(B) }3+2\sqrt 5\qquad \textbf{(C) }4+2\sqrt 7\qquad \textbf{(D) }4\sqrt 5\qquad \textbf{(E) }4\sqrt 7\qquad$
A regular $n$-gonal truncated pyramid is circumscribed around a sphere. Denote the areas of the base and the lateral surfaces of the pyramid by $S_1, S_2$, and $S$, respectively. Let $\sigma$ be the area of the polygon whose vertices are the tangential points of the sphere and the lateral faces of the pyramid. Prove that \[\sigma S = 4S_1S_2 \cos^2 \frac{\pi}{n}.\]
Prove that a pyramid $A_1A_2 \ldots A_{2k+1}S$ with equal lateral edges and equal space angles between adjacent lateral walls is regular.
A pyramid with a square base is cut by a plane that is parallel to its base and is $ 2$ units from the base. The surface area of the smaller pyramid that is cut from the top is half the surface area of the original pyramid. What is the altitude of the original pyramid? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 2\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 2 \plus{} \sqrt{2}\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 1 \plus{} 2\sqrt{2}\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 4\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 4 \plus{} 2\sqrt{2}$
Starting from a pyramid $T_0$ whose edges are all of length $2019$, we construct the Figure $T_1$ when considering the triangles formed by the midpoints of the edges of each face of $T_0$, building in each of these new pyramid triangles with faces identical to base. Then the bases of these new pyramids are removed. Figure $T_2$ is constructed by applying the same process from $T_1$ on each triangular face resulting from $T_1$, and so on for $T_3, T_4, ...$ Let $D_0= \max \{d(x,y)\}$, where $x$ and $y$ are vertices of $T_0$ and $d(x,y)$ is the distance between $x$ and $y$. Then we define $D_{n + 1} = \max \{d (x, y) |d (x, y) \notin \{D_0, D_1,...,D_n\}$, where $x, y$ are vertices of $T_{n+1}$. Find the value of $D_n$ for all $n$.
The midpoint of the edge $SA$ of the triangular pyramid of $SABC$ has equal distances from all the vertices of the pyramid. Let $SH$ be the height of the pyramid. Prove that $BA^2 + BH^2 = C A^2 + CH^2$.
In $\triangle ABC$, $\angle C=90^{\circ},\angle B=30^{\circ}, AC=2$. $M$ is the midpoint of $AB$. Fold up $\triangle ACM$ along $CM$, satisfying that $|AB|=2\sqrt2$. The volume of triangular pyramid $A-BCM$ is________.
There is an infinitely tall tetrahedral stack of spheres where each row of the tetrahedron consists of a triangular arrangement of spheres, as shown below. There is $1$ sphere in the top row (which we will call row $0$), $3$ spheres in row $1$, $6$ spheres in row $2$, $10$ spheres in row $3$, etc. The top-most sphere in row $0$ is assigned the number $1$. We then assign each other sphere the sum of the number(s) assigned to the sphere(s) which touch it in the row directly above it. Find a simplified expression in terms of $n$ for the sum of the numbers assigned to each sphere from row $0$ to row $n$. [asy] import three; import solids; size(8cm); //currentprojection = perspective(1, 1, 10); triple backright = (-2, 0, 0), backleft = (-1, -sqrt(3), 0), backup = (-1, -sqrt(3) / 3, 2 * sqrt(6) / 3); draw(shift(2 * backleft) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); //2 draw(shift(backleft + backright) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); //2 draw(shift(2 * backright) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); //3 draw(shift(backup + backleft) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); draw(shift(backup + backright) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); draw(shift(2 * backup) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); draw(shift(backleft) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); draw(shift(backright) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); draw(shift(backup) * surface(sphere(1,20)), white); draw(surface(sphere(1,20)), white); label("Row 0", 2 * backup, 15 * dir(20)); label("Row 1", backup, 25 * dir(20)); label("Row 2", O, 35 * dir(20)); dot(-backup); dot(-7 * backup / 8); dot(-6 * backup / 8); dot((backleft - backup) + backleft * 2); dot(5 * (backleft - backup) / 4 + backleft * 2); dot(6 * (backleft - backup) / 4 + backleft * 2); dot((backright - backup) + backright * 2); dot(5 * (backright - backup) / 4 + backright * 2); dot(6 * (backright - backup) / 4 + backright * 2); [/asy]
If you multiply the number of faces that a pyramid has with the number of edges of the pyramid, you get $5.100$. Determine the number of faces of the pyramid.
In regular triangular pyramid $S-ABC$, hieght $SO=3$, length of sides of bottom surface is $6$. Projection of $A$ on plane $SBC$ is $O'$. $P\in AO',\frac{AP}{PO'}=8$. Draw a plane parallel to plane $ABC$ and passes $P$. Find the area of the cross section.