Found problems: 1581
Let $\Gamma$ and $\Gamma'$ be two congruent circles centered at $O$ and $O'$, respectively, and let $A$ be one of their two points of intersection. $B$ is a point on $\Gamma$, $C$ is the second point of intersection of $AB$ and $\Gamma'$, and $D$ is a point on $\Gamma'$ such that $OBDO'$ is a parallelogram. Show that the length of $CD$ does not depend on the position of $B$.
Let $ABC$ be an equilateral triangle with each side of length 1. Let $X$ be a point chosen uniformly at random on side $\overline{AB}$. Let $Y$ be a point chosen uniformly at random on side $\overline{AC}$. (Points $X$ and $Y$ are chosen independently.) Let $p$ be the probability that the distance $XY$ is at most $\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[4]{3}}\,$. What is the value of $900p$, rounded to the nearest integer?
Twenty five of King Arthur's knights are seated at their customary round table. Three of them are chosen - all choices of three being equally likely - and are sent off to slay a troublesome dragon. Let $P$ be the probability that at least two of the three had been sitting next to each other. If $P$ is written as a fraction in lowest terms, what is the sum of the numerator and denominator?
Two players $A$ and $B$ play a game with a ball and $n$ boxes placed onto the vertices of a regular $n$-gon where $n$ is a positive integer. Initially, the ball is hidden in a box by player $A$. At each step, $B$ chooses a box, then player $A$ says the distance of the ball to the selected box to player $B$ and moves the ball to an adjacent box. If $B$ finds the ball, then $B$ wins. Find the least number of steps for which $B$ can guarantee to win.
Let $ABC$ be a nonequilateral triangle. Prove that there exist two points $P$ and $Q$ in the plane of the triangle, one in the interior and one in the exterior of the circumcircle of $ABC$, such that the orthogonal projections of any of these two points on the sides of the triangle are vertices of an equilateral triangle.
Let $ABC$ be a right triangle where $\measuredangle A = 90^\circ$ and $M\in (AB)$ such that $\frac{AM}{MB}=3\sqrt{3}-4$. It is known that the symmetric point of $M$with respect to the line $GI$ lies on $AC$. Find the measure of $\measuredangle B$.
In triangle $ABC$ with incenter $I$ and circumcenter $O$, let $A',B',C'$ be the points of tangency of its circumcircle with its $A,B,C$-mixtilinear circles, respectively. Let $\omega_A$ be the circle through $A'$ that is tangent to $AI$ at $I$, and define $\omega_B, \omega_C$ similarly. Prove that $\omega_A,\omega_B,\omega_C$ have a common point $X$ other than $I$, and that $\angle AXO = \angle OXA'$.
[i]Proposed by Sammy Luo[/i]
Let $ ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral and let $ E$ and $ F$ be the feet of perpendiculars from the intersection of diagonals $ AC$ and $ BD$ to $ AB$ and $ CD$, respectively. Prove that $ EF$ is perpendicular to the line through the midpoints of $ AD$ and $ BC$.
Let $AD, BE$ and $CF$ be the medians of triangle $ABC$. The points $X$ and $Y$ are the reflections of $F$ about $AD$ and $BE$, respectively. Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $BEX$ and $ADY$ are concentric.
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with circumcenter $O$ and let $X$, $Y$, $Z$ be the midpoints of arcs $BAC$, $ABC$, $ACB$ on its circumcircle. Let $G$ and $I$ denote the centroid of $\triangle XYZ$ and the incenter of $\triangle ABC$.
Given that $AB = 13$, $BC = 14$, $CA = 15$, and $\frac {GO}{GI} = \frac mn$ for relatively prime positive integers $m$ and $n$, compute $100m+n$.
[i]Proposed by Evan Chen[/i]
If $x$ and $y$ are real numbers with $(x+y)^4=x-y$, what is the maximum possible value of $y$?
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle and $\Gamma$ its circumcircle. Let $l$ be the line tangent to $\Gamma$ at $A$. Let $D$ and $E$ be the intersections of the circumference with center $B$ and radius $AB$ with lines $l$ and $AC$, respectively. Prove the orthocenter of $ABC$ lies on line $DE$.
Let $K$ and $M$ be points on the side $AB$ of a triangle $\triangle{ABC}$, and let $L$ and $N$ be points on the side $AC$. The point $K$ is between $M$ and $B$, and the point $L$ is between $N$ and $C$. If $\frac{BK}{KM}=\frac{CL}{LN}$, then prove that the orthocentres of the triangles $\triangle{ABC}$, $\triangle{AKL}$ and $\triangle{AMN}$ lie on one line.
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle. Let $\omega$ be a circle whose centre $L$ lies on the side $BC$. Suppose that $\omega$ is tangent to $AB$ at $B'$ and $AC$ at $C'$. Suppose also that the circumcentre $O$ of triangle $ABC$ lies on the shorter arc $B'C'$ of $\omega$. Prove that the circumcircle of $ABC$ and $\omega$ meet at two points.
[i]Proposed by Härmel Nestra, Estonia[/i]
Let $\ell$ be tangent to the circle $k$ at $B$. Let $A$ be a point on $k$ and $P$ the foot of perpendicular from $A$ to $\ell$. Let $M$ be symmetric to $P$ with respect to $AB$. Find the set of all such points $M.$
Let $ABCD$ be a convex quadrilateral with $\angle{BAD} = 2\angle{BCD}$ and $AB = AD$. Let $P$ be a point such that $ABCP$ is a parallelogram. Prove that $CP = DP$.
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with incenter $I$. Suppose the reflection of $AB$ across $CI$ and the reflection of $AC$ across $BI$ intersect at a point $X$. Prove that $XI$ is perpendicular to $BC$.
For each positive integer, define a function \[ f(n)=\begin{cases}0, &\text{if n is the square of an integer}\\ \\ \left\lfloor\frac{1}{\{\sqrt{n}\}}\right\rfloor, &\text{if n is not the square of an integer}\end{cases}. \] Find the value of $\sum_{k=1}^{200} f(k)$.
Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with $AB\not= AC$. Let $\Gamma$ be the circumcircle, $H$ the orthocentre and $O$ the centre of $\Gamma$. $M$ is the midpoint of $BC$. The line $AM$ meets $\Gamma$ again at $N$ and the circle with diameter $AM$ crosses $\Gamma$ again at $P$. Prove that the lines $AP,BC,OH$ are concurrent if and only if $AH=HN$.
An $n$-stick is a connected figure consisting of $n$ matches of length $1$ which are placed horizontally or vertically and no two touch each other at points other than their ends. Two shapes that can be transformed into each other by moving, rotating or flipping are considered the same.
An $n$-mino is a shape which is built by connecting $n$ squares of side length 1 on their sides such that there's a path on the squares between each two squares of the $n$-mino.
Let $S_n$ be the number of $n$-sticks and $M_n$ the number of $n$-minos, e.g. $S_3=5$ And $M_3=2$.
(a) Prove that for any natural $n$, $S_n \geq M_{n+1}$.
(b) Prove that for large enough $n$ we have $(2.4)^n \leq S_n \leq (16)^n$.
A [b]grid segment[/b] is a segment on the plane of length 1 which it's both ends are integer points. A polystick is called [b]wise[/b] if using it and it's rotations or flips we can cover all grid segments without overlapping, otherwise it's called [b]unwise[/b].
(c) Prove that there are at least $2^{n-6}$ different unwise $n$-sticks.
(d) Prove that any polystick which is in form of a path only going up and right is wise.
(e) Extra points: Prove that for large enough $n$ we have $3^n \leq S_n \leq 12^n$
Time allowed for this exam was 2 hours.
Let $S$ be a great circle with pole $P$. On any great circle through $P$, two points $A$ and $B$ are chosen equidistant from $P$. For any [i] spherical triangle [/i] $ABC$ (the sides are great circles ares), where $C$ is on $S$, prove that the great circle are $CP$ is the angle bisector of angle $C$.
[b] Note. [/b] A great circle on a sphere is one whose center is the center of the sphere. A pole of the great circle $S$ is a point $P$ on the sphere such that the diameter through $P$ is perpendicular to the plane of $S$.
Let $ G$ be a finite non-commutative group of order $ t \equal{} 2^nm$, where $ n, m$ are positive and $ m$ is odd. Prove, that if the group contains an element of order $ 2^n$, then
(i) $ G$ is not simple;
(ii) $ G$ contains a normal subgroup of order $ m$.
Let $ A_1,A_2,...,A_n$ be the vertices of a closed convex $ n$-gon $ K$ numbered consecutively. Show that at least $ n\minus{}3$
vertices $ A_i$ have the property that the reflection of $ A_i$ with respect to the midpoint of $ A_{i\minus{}1}A_{i\plus{}1}$ is contained in $ K$. (Indices are meant $ \textrm{mod} \;n\ .$)
In triangle $ ABC$ we have $ \angle{ACB} \equal{} 2\angle{ABC}$ and there exists the point $ D$ inside the triangle such that $ AD \equal{} AC$ and $ DB \equal{} DC$. Prove that $ \angle{BAC} \equal{} 3\angle{BAD}$.
Triangle $ABC$ is given with its centroid $G$ and cicumcentre $O$ is such that $GO$ is perpendicular to $AG$. Let $A'$ be the second intersection of $AG$ with circumcircle of triangle $ABC$. Let $D$ be the intersection of lines $CA'$ and $AB$ and $E$ the intersection of lines $BA'$ and $AC$. Prove that the circumcentre of triangle $ADE$ is on the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$.