Two circles with different radius $O_1$ and $O_2$ are both tangent to a larger circle $O$, tangent points are $S,T$. Note that intersections of $O_1$ and $O_2$ are $M,N$, prove that the sufficient and necessary condition of $OM\perp MN$ is $S,N,T$ are colinear.

Find the number of all integer-sided [i]isosceles obtuse-angled[/i] triangles with perimeter $ 2008$. [16 points out of 100 for the 6 problems]

Triangle $ABC$ is inscribed in circle $\Omega$ with center $O$. The incircle of $ABC$ is tangent to $BC$, $AC$, $AB$ at $D$, $E$, $F$ respectively, and its center is $I$. The reflection of the tangent line to $\Omega$ at $A$ with respect to $EF$ will be denoted $\ell_A$. We similarly define $\ell_B$, $\ell_C$. Show that the orthocenter of the triangle with sides $\ell_A$, $\ell_B$, $\ell_C$ lies on $OI$.

Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with circumcircle $\omega$ and circumcentre $O$. Points $D\neq B$ and $E\neq C$ lie on $\omega$ such that $BD\perp AC$ and $CE\perp AB$. Let $CO$ meet $AB$ at $X$, and $BO$ meet $AC$ at $Y$. Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $BXD$ and $CYE$ have an intersection lie on line $AO$. [i]Ivan Chan Kai Chin, Malaysia[/i]

Given is a finite set of points $M$ and an equilateral triangle $\Delta$ in the plane. It is known that for any subset $M' \subset M$, which has no more than $9$ points, can be covered by two translations of the triangle $\Delta$. Prove that the entire set $M$ can be covered by two translations of $\Delta$.

Let $ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral with circumcircle $\omega$ centered at $O$, whose diagonals intersect at $H$. Let $O_1$ and $O_2$ be the circumcenters of triangles $AHD$ and $BHC$. A line through $H$ intersects $\omega$ at $M_1$ and $M_2$ and intersects the circumcircles of triangles $O_1HO$ and $O_2HO$ at $N_1$ and $N_2$, respectively, so that $N_1$ and $N_2$ lie inside $\omega$. Prove that $M_1N_1 = M_2N_2$.

(a) For given complex numbers $a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4$, we define a function $P:\mathbb C\to\mathbb C$ by $P(z)=z^5+a_4z^4+a_3z^3+a_2z^2+a_1z$. Let $w_k=e^{2ki\pi/5}$, where $k=0,\ldots,4$. Prove that $$P(w_0)+P(w_1)+P(w_2)+P(w_3)+P(w_4)=5.$$(b) Let $A_1,A_2,A_3,A_4,A_5$ be five points in the plane. A pentagon is inscribed in the circle with center $A_1$ and radius $R$. Prove that there is a vertex $S$ of the pentagon for which $$SA_1\cdot SA_2\cdot SA_3\cdot SA_4\cdot SA_5\ge R^5.$$

Let $ Q $ be a point, $ H,O $ be the orthocenter and circumcenter, respectively, of a triangle $ ABC, $ and $ D,E,F, $ be the symmetric points of $ Q $ with respect to $ A,B,C, $ respectively. Also, $ M,N,P $ are the middle of the segments $ AE,BF,CD, $ and $ G,G',G'' $ are the centroids of $ ABC,MNP,DEF, $ respectively. Prove the following propositions: [b]a)[/b] $ \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OG} =\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{OG'}=\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{OG''} $ [b]b)[/b] $ Q=O\implies \overrightarrow{OG'} =\overrightarrow{G'H} $ [b]c)[/b] $ Q=H\implies G'=O $ [i]Cătălin Zîrnă[/i]

Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with $AC > AB$, let $O$ be its circumcentre, and let $D$ be a point on the segment $BC$. The line through $D$ perpendicular to $BC$ intersects the lines $AO, AC,$ and $AB$ at $W, X,$ and $Y,$ respectively. The circumcircles of triangles $AXY$ and $ABC$ intersect again at $Z \ne A$. Prove that if $W \ne D$ and $OW = OD,$ then $DZ$ is tangent to the circle $AXY.$

Circles $\omega$ and $\Omega$ meet at points $A$ and $B$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of the arc $AB$ of circle $\omega$ ($M$ lies inside $\Omega$). A chord $MP$ of circle $\omega$ intersects $\Omega$ at $Q$ ($Q$ lies inside $\omega$). Let $\ell_P$ be the tangent line to $\omega$ at $P$, and let $\ell_Q$ be the tangent line to $\Omega$ at $Q$. Prove that the circumcircle of the triangle formed by the lines $\ell_P$, $\ell_Q$ and $AB$ is tangent to $\Omega$. [i]Ilya Bogdanov, Russia and Medeubek Kungozhin, Kazakhstan[/i]

Let $ABCD$ be a square. Consider a variable point $P$ inside the square for which $\angle BAP \ge 60^\circ.$ Let $Q$ be the intersection of the line $AD$ and the perpendicular to $BP$ in $P$. Let $R$ be the intersection of the line $BQ$ and the perpendicular to $BP$ from $C$. [list] [*] [b](a)[/b] Prove that $|BP|\ge |BR|$ [*] [b](b)[/b] For which point(s) $P$ does the inequality in [b](a)[/b] become an equality?[/list]

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with centroid $G$. Determine, with proof, the position of the point $P$ in the plane of $ABC$ such that $AP{\cdot}AG + BP{\cdot}BG + CP{\cdot}CG$ is a minimum, and express this minimum value in terms of the side lengths of $ABC$.

Given a circle and four points $B,C,X,Y$ on it. Assume $A$ is the midpoint of $BC$, and $Z$ is the midpoint of $XY$. Let $L_1,L_2$ be lines perpendicular to $BC$ and pass through $B,C$ respectively. Let the line pass through $X$ and perpendicular to $AX$ intersects $L_1,L_2$ at $X_1,X_2$ respectively. Similarly, let the line pass through $Y$ and perpendicular to $AY$ intersects $L_1,L_2$ at $Y_1,Y_2$ respectively. Assume $X_1Y_2$ intersects $X_2Y_1$ at $P$. Prove that $\angle AZP=90^o.$ [i]Proposed by William Chao[/i]

Tangents from the point $A$ to the circle $\Gamma$ touche this circle at $C$ and $D$.Let $B$ be a point on $\Gamma$,different from $C$ and $D$. The circle $\omega$ that passes through points $A$ and $B$ intersect with lines $AC$ and $AD$ at $F$ and $E$,respectively.Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $ABC$ and $DEB$ are tangent if and only if the points $C,D,F$ and $E$ are cyclic.

Is it possible to use $2 \times 1$ dominoes to cover a $2k \times 2k$ checkerboard which has $2$ squares, one of each colour, removed ?

The incircle of a right-angled triangle $ABC$ touches its catheti $AC$ and $BC$ at points $B_1$ and $A_1$, the hypotenuse touches the incircle at point $C_1$. Lines $C_1A_1$ and $C_1B_1$ meet $CA$ and $CB$ respectively at points $B_0$ and $A_0$. Prove that $AB_0 = BA_0$. (J. Zajtseva, D. Shvetsov )

In acute triangle $ABC, AB<AC$, $I$ is its incenter, $D$ is the foot of perpendicular from $I$ to $BC$, altitude $AH$ meets $BI,CI$ at $P,Q$ respectively. Let $O$ be the circumcenter of $\triangle IPQ$, extend $AO$ to meet $BC$ at $L$. Circumcircle of $\triangle AIL$ meets $BC$ again at $N$. Prove that $\frac{BD}{CD}=\frac{BN}{CN}$.

Let $A_1A_2A_3\ldots A_n$ be a regular $n$-gon. Let $B_1$ and $B_{n-1}$ be the midpoints of its sides $A_1A_2$ and $A_{n-1}A_n$. Also, for every $i\in\left\{2,3,4,\ldots ,n-2\right\}$. Let $S$ be the point of intersection of the lines $A_1A_{i+1}$ and $A_nA_i$, and let $B_i$ be the point of intersection of the angle bisector bisector of the angle $\measuredangle A_iSA_{i+1}$ with the segment $A_iA_{i+1}$. Prove that $\sum_{i=1}^{n-1} \measuredangle A_1B_iA_n=180^{\circ}$. [i]Proposed by Dusan Dukic, Serbia and Montenegro[/i]

Let $ABCD$ be a convex quadrilateral with $\angle ABC>90$, $CDA>90$ and $\angle DAB=\angle BCD$. Denote by $E$ and $F$ the reflections of $A$ in lines $BC$ and $CD$, respectively. Suppose that the segments $AE$ and $AF$ meet the line $BD$ at $K$ and $L$, respectively. Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $BEK$ and $DFL$ are tangent to each other. $\emph{Slovakia}$

On the circle $k$, the points $A,B$ are given, while $AB$ is not the diameter of the circle $k$. Point $C$ moves along the long arc $AB$ of circle $k$ so that the triangle $ABC$ is acute. Let $D,E$ be the feet of the altitudes from $A, B$ respectively. Let $F$ be the projection of point $D$ on line $AC$ and $G$ be the projection of point $E$ on line $BC$. (a) Prove that the lines $AB$ and $FG$ are parallel. (b) Determine the set of midpoints $S$ of segment $FG$ while along all allowable positions of point $C$.

Let $ABCD$ be an isosceles trapezoid with bases $AB=5$ and $CD=7$ and legs $BC=AD=2 \sqrt{10}.$ A circle $\omega$ with center $O$ passes through $A,B,C,$ and $D.$ Let $M$ be the midpoint of segment $CD,$ and ray $AM$ meet $\omega$ again at $E.$ Let $N$ be the midpoint of $BE$ and $P$ be the intersection of $BE$ with $CD.$ Let $Q$ be the intersection of ray $ON$ with ray $DC.$ There is a point $R$ on the circumcircle of $PNQ$ such that $\angle PRC = 45^\circ.$ The length of $DR$ can be expressed in the form $\frac{m}{n}$ where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. What is $m+n$? [i]Author: Ray Li[/i]

Circles $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$, and $\omega_3$ are centered at $M$, $N$, and $O$, respectively. The points of tangency between $\omega_2$ and $\omega_3$, $\omega_3$ and $\omega_1$, and $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ are tangent at $A$, $B$, and $C$, respectively. Line $MO$ intersects $\omega_3$ and $\omega_1$ again at $P$ and $Q$ respectively, and line $AP$ intersects $\omega_2$ again at $R$. Given that $ABC$ is an equilateral triangle of side length $1$, compute the area of $PQR$.

Let $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$ be two circles of unequal radii, with centres $O_1$ and $O_2$ respectively, intersecting in two distinct points $A$ and $B$. Assume that the centre of each circle is outside the other circle. The tangent to $\Gamma_1$ at $B$ intersects $\Gamma_2$ again in $C$, different from $B$; the tangent to $\Gamma_2$ at $B$ intersects $\Gamma_1$ again at $D$, different from $B$. The bisectors of $\angle DAB$ and $\angle CAB$ meet $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$ again in $X$ and $Y$, respectively. Let $P$ and $Q$ be the circumcentres of triangles $ACD$ and $XAY$, respectively. Prove that $PQ$ is the perpendicular bisector of the line segment $O_1O_2$. [i]Proposed by Prithwijit De[/i]

$ABCDE$ is a cyclic pentagon, with circumcentre $O$. $AB=AE=CD$. $I$ midpoint of $BC$. $J$ midpoint of $DE$. $F$ is the orthocentre of $\triangle ABE$, and $G$ the centroid of $\triangle AIJ$.$CE$ intersects $BD$ at $H$, $OG$ intersects $FH$ at $M$. Show that $AM\perp CD$.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle inscribed in circle $(I)$ that is tangent to the sides $BC,CA,AB$ at points $D,E, F$ respectively. Assume that $L$ is the intersection of $BE$ and $CF,G$ is the centroid of triangle $DEF,K$ is the symmetric point of $L$ about $G$. If $DK$ meets $EF$ at $P, Q$ is on $EF$ such that $QF = PE$, prove that $\angle DGE + \angle FGQ = 180^o$. Nguyễn Minh Hà