This website contains problems from math contests. Problems and corresponding tags were obtained from the Art of Problem Solving website.

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Found problems: 222

Let $ABCD$ be a square, and let $E$ and $F$ be points in $AB$ and $BC$ respectively such that $BE=BF$. In the triangle $EBC$, let N be the foot of the altitude relative to $EC$. Let $G$ be the intersection between $AD$ and the extension of the previously mentioned altitude. $FG$ and $EC$ intersect at point $P$, and the lines $NF$ and $DC$ intersect at point $T$. Prove that the line $DP$ is perpendicular to the line $BT$.
How many hours does it take a train traveling at an average rate of $ 40$ mph between stops to travel $ a$ miles it makes $ n$ stops of $ m$ minutes each? $ \textbf{(A)}\ \frac{3a\plus{}2mn}{120} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 3a\plus{}2mn \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac{3a\plus{}2mn}{12} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{a\plus{}mn}{40} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac{a\plus{}40mn}{40}$
Let $ n$ be a positive integer. Consider a rectangle $ (90n\plus{}1)\times(90n\plus{}5)$ consisting of unit squares. Let $ S$ be the set of the vertices of these squares. Prove that the number of distinct lines passing through at least two points of $ S$ is divisible by $ 4$.
The two lines with slopes $2$ and $1/2$ pass through an arbitrary point $T$ on the axis $Oy$ and intersect the hyperbola $y=1/x$ at two points. [b]a)[/b] Prove that these four points lie on a circle. [b]b)[/b] The point $T$ runs through the entire $y$-axis. Find the locus of centers of such circles. [i](I. Gorodnin)[/i]
The graph of the line $ y \equal{} mx \plus{} b$ is shown. Which of the following is true? [asy]import math; unitsize(8mm); defaultpen(linewidth(1pt)+fontsize(6pt)); dashed=linetype("4 4")+linewidth(.8pt); draw((-2,-2.5)--(-2,2.5)--(2.5,2.5)--(2.5,-2.5)--cycle,white); label("$-1$",(-1,0),SW); label("$1$",(1,0),SW); label("$2$",(2,0),SW); label("$1$",(0,1),NE); label("$2$",(0,2),NE); label("$-1$",(0,-1),SW); label("$-2$",(0,-2),SW); drawline((0,0),(1,0)); drawline((0,0),(0,1)); drawline((0,0.8),(1.8,0)); drawline((1,0),(1,1),dashed); drawline((2,0),(2,1),dashed); drawline((-1,0),(-1,1),dashed); drawline((0,1),(1,1),dashed); drawline((0,2),(1,2),dashed); drawline((0,-1),(1,-1),dashed); drawline((0,-2),(1,-2),dashed);[/asy] $ \textbf{(A)}\ mb < \minus{} 1 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \minus{} 1 < mb < 0 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ mb \equal{} 0$ $ \textbf{(D)}\ 0 < mb < 1\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ mb > 1$
Line $\ell_1$ has equation $3x-2y=1$ and goes through $A=(-1,-2)$. Line $\ell_2$ has equation $y=1$ and meets line $\ell_1$ at point $B$. Line $\ell_3$ has positive slope, goes through point $A$, and meets $\ell_2$ at point $C$. The area of $\triangle ABC$ is $3$. What is the slope of $\ell_3$? $ \textbf{(A)}\ \frac{2}{3}\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \frac{3}{4}\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 1\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ \frac{4}{3}\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \frac{3}{2} $
In the $xy$-plane, a circle of radius $4$ with center on the positive $x$-axis is tangent to the $y$-axis at the origin, and a circle with radius $10$ with center on the positive $y$-axis is tangent to the $x$-axis at the origin. What is the slope of the line passing through the two points at which these circles intersect? $\textbf{(A)}\ \dfrac{2}{7} \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \dfrac{3}{7} \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ \dfrac{2}{\sqrt{29}} \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{29}} \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \dfrac{2}{5}$
A cubic polynomial $f$ with a positive leading coefficient has three different positive zeros. Show that $f'(a)+ f'(b)+ f'(c) > 0$.
In triangle $ABC$, $AB=\frac{20}{11} AC$. The angle bisector of $\angle A$ intersects $BC$ at point $D$, and point $M$ is the midpoint of $AD$. Let $P$ be the point of the intersection of $AC$ and $BM$. The ratio of $CP$ to $PA$ can be expressed in the form $\dfrac{m}{n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m+n$.
If $ A$ and $ B$ are fixed points on a given circle and $ XY$ is a variable diameter of the same circle, determine the locus of the point of intersection of lines $ AX$ and $ BY$. You may assume that $ AB$ is not a diameter.
A line passes through $ A(1,1)$ and $ B(100,1000)$. How many other points with integer coordinates are on the line and strictly between $ A$ and $ B$? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 0\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 2\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 3\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 8\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 9$
A square in the coordinate plane has vertices whose $y$-coordinates are $0$, $1$, $4$, and $5$. What is the area of the square? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 16\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 17\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 25\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 26\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 27 $
[b](a) [/b] Find the minimal distance between the points of the graph of the function $y=\ln x$ from the line $y=x$. [b](b)[/b] Find the minimal distance between two points, one of the point is in the graph of the function $y=e^x$ and the other point in the graph of the function $y=ln x$.
$ 2n\plus{}1$ lines are drawn in the plane, in such a way that every 3 lines define a triangle with no right angles. What is the maximal possible number of acute triangles that can be made in this way?
Let $L$ be the line with slope $\tfrac{5}{12}$ that contains the point $A=(24,-1)$, and let $M$ be the line perpendicular to line $L$ that contains the point $B=(5,6)$. The original coordinate axes are erased, and line $L$ is made the $x$-axis, and line $M$ the $y$-axis. In the new coordinate system, point $A$ is on the positive $x$-axis, and point $B$ is on the positive $y$-axis. The point $P$ with coordinates $(-14,27)$ in the original system has coordinates $(\alpha,\beta)$ in the new coordinate system. Find $\alpha+\beta$.
[asy] draw(unitsquare);draw((0,0)--(.4,1)^^(0,.6)--(1,.2)); label("D",(0,1),NW);label("E",(.4,1),N);label("C",(1,1),NE); label("P",(0,.6),W);label("M",(.25,.55),E);label("Q",(1,.2),E); label("A",(0,0),SW);label("B",(1,0),SE); //Credit to Zimbalono for the diagram[/asy] Inside square $ABCD$ (See figure) with sides of length $12$ inches, segment $AE$ is drawn where $E$ is the point on $DC$ which is $5$ inches from $D$. The perpendicular bisector of $AE$ is drawn and intersects $AE$, $AD$, and $BC$ at points $M$, $P$, and $Q$ respectively. The ratio of segment $PM$ to $MQ$ is $\textbf{(A) }5:12\qquad\textbf{(B) }5:13\qquad\textbf{(C) }5:19\qquad\textbf{(D) }1:4\qquad \textbf{(E) }5:21$
Let $ n$ be the number of number-pairs $ (x,y)$ which satisfy $ 5y \minus{} 3x \equal{} 15$ and $ x^2 \plus{} y^2 \le 16$. Then $ n$ is: $ \textbf{(A)}\ 0 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \text{more than two, but finite} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{greater than any finite number}$
A block of mass $m$ on a frictionless inclined plane of angle $\theta$ is connected by a cord over a small frictionless, massless pulley to a second block of mass $M$ hanging vertically, as shown. If $M=1.5m$, and the acceleration of the system is $\frac{g}{3}$, where $g$ is the acceleration of gravity, what is $\theta$, in degrees, rounded to the nearest integer? [asy]size(12cm); pen p=linewidth(1), dark_grey=gray(0.25), ll_grey=gray(0.90), light_grey=gray(0.75); pair B = (-1,-1); pair C = (-1,-7); pair A = (-13,-7); path inclined_plane = A--B--C--cycle; draw(inclined_plane, p); real r = 1; // for marking angles draw(arc(A, r, 0, degrees(B-A))); // mark angle label("$\theta$", A + r/1.337*(dir(C-A)+dir(B-A)), (0,0), fontsize(16pt)); // label angle as theta draw((C+(-r/2,0))--(C+(-r/2,r/2))--(C+(0,r/2))); // draw right angle real h = 1.2; // height of box real w = 1.9; // width of box path box = (0,0)--(0,h)--(w,h)--(w,0)--cycle; // the box // box on slope with label picture box_on_slope; filldraw(box_on_slope, box, light_grey, black); label(box_on_slope, "$m$", (w/2,h/2)); pair V = A + rotate(90) * (h/2 * dir(B-A)); // point with distance l/2 from AB pair T1 = dir(125); // point of tangency with pulley pair X1 = intersectionpoint(T1--(T1 - rotate(-90)*(2013*dir(T1))), V--(V+B-A)); // construct midpoint of right side of box draw(T1--X1); // string add(shift(X1-(w,h/2))*rotate(degrees(B-A), (w,h/2)) * box_on_slope); // picture for the hanging box picture hanging_box; filldraw(hanging_box, box, light_grey, black); label(hanging_box, "$M$", (w/2,h/2)); pair T2 = (1,0); pair X2 = (1,-3); draw(T2--X2); // string add(shift(X2-(w/2,h)) * hanging_box); // Draws the actual pulley filldraw(unitcircle, grey, p); // outer boundary of pulley wheel filldraw(scale(0.4)*unitcircle, light_grey, p); // inner boundary of pulley wheel path pulley_body=arc((0,0),0.3,-40,130)--arc((-1,-1),0.5,130,320)--cycle; // defines "arm" of pulley filldraw(pulley_body, ll_grey, dark_grey+p); // draws the arm filldraw(scale(0.18)*unitcircle, ll_grey, dark_grey+p); // inner circle of pulley[/asy][i](Proposed by Ahaan Rungta)[/i]
Find all values of $ \alpha$ for which the curves $ y\equal{}\alpha x^2\plus{}\alpha x\plus{}\frac1{24}$ and $ x\equal{}\alpha y^2\plus{}\alpha y\plus{}\frac1{24}$ are tangent to each other.
A triangle $KLM$ is given in the plane together with a point $A$ lying on the half-line opposite to $KL$. Construct a rectangle $ABCD$ whose vertices $B, C$ and $D$ lie on the lines $KM, KL$ and $LM$, respectively. (We allow the rectangle to be a square.)
If the normal to the curve $x^{\frac{2}{3}}+y^{\frac23}=a^{\frac23}$ at some point makes an angle $\theta$ with the $X$-axis, show that the equation of the normal is \[y\cos\theta-x\sin\theta=a\cos 2\theta\]
Let a sequence $\{u_n\}$ be defined by $u_1=5$ and the relation $u_{n+1}-u_n=3+4(n-1)$, $n=1,2,3,\cdots$. If $u_n$ is expressed as a polynomial in $n$, the algebraic sum of its coefficients is: $\textbf{(A) }3\qquad \textbf{(B) }4\qquad \textbf{(C) }5\qquad \textbf{(D) }6\qquad \textbf{(E) }11$
Take a point $P\left(\frac 12,\ \frac 14\right)$ on the coordinate plane. Let two points $Q(\alpha ,\ \alpha ^ 2),\ R(\beta ,\ \beta ^2)$ move in such a way that 3 points $P,\ Q,\ R$ form an isosceles triangle with the base $QR$, find the locus of the barycenter $G(X,\ Y)$ of $\triangle{PQR}$. [i]2011 Tokyo University entrance exam[/i]
A cubical cake with edge length $ 2$ inches is iced on the sides and the top. It is cut vertically into three pieces as shown in this top view, where $ M$ is the midpoint of a top edge. The piece whose top is triangle $ B$ contains $ c$ cubic inches of cake and $ s$ square inches of icing. What is $ c\plus{}s$? [asy]unitsize(1cm); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(8pt)); draw((-1,-1)--(1,-1)--(1,1)--(-1,1)--cycle); draw((1,1)--(-1,0)); pair P=foot((1,-1),(1,1),(-1,0)); draw((1,-1)--P); draw(rightanglemark((-1,0),P,(1,-1),4)); label("$M$",(-1,0),W); label("$C$",(-0.1,-0.3)); label("$A$",(-0.4,0.7)); label("$B$",(0.7,0.4));[/asy]$ \textbf{(A)}\ \frac{24}{5} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{32}{5} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 8\plus{}\sqrt5 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 5\plus{}\frac{16\sqrt5}{5} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 10\plus{}5\sqrt5$
In square $ABCD$ (labeled clockwise), let $P$ be any point on $BC$ and construct square $APRS$ (labeled clockwise). Prove that line $CR$ is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$.