Olympiad problems

2014 JHMMC 7 Contest, 23

Tags: isosceles legs and base

An isosceles triangle has side lengths $x-4, 2x -9,\text{and}3x - 15$. Find the sum of all possible values of $x$.

Let $X$ be the set of consisting of twenty positive integers $n,n+2,...,n+38$. The smallest value of $n$ for which any three numbers $a,b,c \in X$, not necessarily distinct, form the sides of an acute-angled triangle is:

IV Soros Olympiad 1997 - 98 (Russia), 10.7

Tags: radical , algebra

Prove that the number $\left(\sqrt2+\sqrt3+\sqrt5\right)^{1997}$ can be represented as $$A\sqrt2+B\sqrt3+C\sqrt5+D\sqrt{30}$$ where $A$, $B$, $C$, $D$ are integers. Find with approximation to $10^{-10}$ the ratio $\frac{D}{A}$

2002 District Olympiad, 2

Tags: invariant , pigeonhole principle

A group of $67$ students pass their examination consisting of $6$ questions, labeled with the numbers $1$ to $6$. A correct answer to question $n$ is quoted $n$ points and for an incorrect answer to the same question a student loses $n$ point. a) Find the least possible positive difference between any $2$ final scores b) Show that at least $4$ participants have the same final score c) Show that at least $2$ students gave identical answer to all six questions.

1996 China Team Selection Test, 2

Tags: inequalities , algebra , sums and products , real root

Let $\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \dots, \alpha_n$, and $\beta_1, \beta_2, \ldots, \beta_n$, where $n \geq 4$, be 2 sets of real numbers such that \[\sum_{i=1}^{n} \alpha_i^2 < 1 \qquad \text{and} \qquad \sum_{i=1}^{n} \beta_i^2 < 1.\] Define \begin{align*} A^2 &= 1 - \sum_{i=1}^{n} \alpha_i^2,\\ B^2 &= 1 - \sum_{i=1}^{n} \beta_i^2,\\ W &= \frac{1}{2} (1 - \sum_{i=1}^{n} \alpha_i \beta_i)^2. \end{align*} Find all real numbers $\lambda$ such that the polynomial \[x^n + \lambda (x^{n-1} + \cdots + x^3 + Wx^2 + ABx + 1) = 0,\] only has real roots.

1965 AMC 12/AHSME, 31

Tags: logarithm

The number of real values of $ x$ satisfying the equality $ (\log_2x)(\log_bx) \equal{} \log_ab$, where $ a > 0$, $ b > 0$, $ a \neq 1$, $ b \neq 1$, is: $ \textbf{(A)}\ 0 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \text{a finite integer greater than 2} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{not finite}$

2008 Mathcenter Contest, 2

Tags: equal segments , incircle , geometry

In triangle $ABC$ ($AB\not= AC$), the incircle is tangent to the sides of $BC$ ,$CA$ , $AB$ at $D$ ,$E$, $F$ respectively. Let $AD$ meet the incircle again at point $P$, let $EF$ and the line passing through the point $P$ and perpendicular to $AD$ intersect at $Q$. Let $AQ$ intersect $DE$ at $X$ and $DF$ at $Y$. Prove that $AX=AY$. [i](tatari/nightmare)[/i]

1936 Moscow Mathematical Olympiad, 029

Tags: geometry , rectangle , integer sides , area

The lengths of a rectangle’s sides and of its diagonal are integers. Prove that the area of the rectangle is an integer multiple of $12$.

1989 India National Olympiad, 4

Tags: floor function , divisibility theory

Determine all $n \in \mathbb{N}$ for which [list][*] $n$ is not the square of any integer, [*] $\lfloor \sqrt{n}\rfloor ^3$ divides $n^2$. [/list]

1951 AMC 12/AHSME, 26

Tags: quadratic , algebra , quadratic formula

In the equation $ \frac {x(x \minus{} 1) \minus{} (m \plus{} 1)}{(x \minus{} 1)(m \minus{} 1)} \equal{} \frac {x}{m}$ the roots are equal when $ \textbf{(A)}\ m \equal{} 1 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ m \equal{} \frac {1}{2} \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ m \equal{} 0 \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ m \equal{} \minus{} 1 \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ m \equal{} \minus{} \frac {1}{2}$

2003 Croatia National Olympiad, Problem 3

Tags: geometry , 3d geometry , tetrahedron

In a tetrahedron $ABCD$, all angles at vertex $D$ are equal to $\alpha$ and all dihedral angles between faces having $D$ as a vertex are equal to $\phi$. Prove that there exists a unique $\alpha$ for which $\phi=2\alpha$.

2020 MMATHS, I7

Tags: geometry

Suppose that $ABC$ is a triangle with $AB = 6, BC = 12$, and $\angle B = 90^{\circ}$. Point $D$ lies on side $BC$, and point $E$ is constructed on $AC$ such that $\angle ADE = 90^{\circ}$. Given that $DE = EC = \frac{a\sqrt{b}}{c}$ for positive integers $a, b,$ and $c$ with $b$ squarefree and $\gcd(a,c) = 1$, find $a+ b+c$. [i]Proposed by Andrew Wu[/i]

2017 Bulgaria JBMO TST, 1

Tags: geometry

Given is a triangle $ABC$ and let $AA_1$, $BB_1$ be angle bisectors. It turned out that $\angle AA_1B=24^{\circ}$ and $\angle BB_1A=18^{\circ}$. Find the ratio $\angle BAC:\angle ACB:\angle ABC$.

1966 IMO Shortlist, 7

Tags: 3d geometry , geometry

For which arrangements of two infinite circular cylinders does their intersection lie in a plane?

May Olympiad L1 - geometry, 2016.4

Tags: midpoint , geometry

In a triangle $ABC$, let $D$ and $E$ point in the sides $BC$ and $AC$ respectively. The segments $AD$ and $BE$ intersects in $O$, let $r$ be line (parallel to $AB$) such that $r$ intersects $DE$ in your midpoint, show that the triangle $ABO$ and the quadrilateral $ODCE$ have the same area.

1951 AMC 12/AHSME, 10

Tags: geometry , rectangle

Of the following statements, the one that is incorrect is: $ \textbf{(A)}\ \text{Doubling the base of a given rectangle doubles the area.}$ $ \textbf{(B)}\ \text{Doubling the altitude of a triangle doubles the area.}$ $ \textbf{(C)}\ \text{Doubling the radius of a given circle doubles the area.}$ $ \textbf{(D)}\ \text{Doubling the divisor of a fraction and dividing its numerator by 2 changes the quotient.}$ $ \textbf{(E)}\ \text{Doubling a given quantity may make it less than it originally was.}$

2020 Memorial "Aleksandar Blazhevski-Cane", 2

Tags: combinatorics

One positive integer is written in each $1 \times 1$ square of the $m \times n$ board. The following operations are allowed : (1) In an arbitrarily selected row of the board, all numbers should be reduced by $1$. (2) In an arbitrarily selected column of the board, double all the numbers. Is it always possible, after a final number of steps, for all the numbers written on the board to be equal to $-1$? (Explain the answer.)

2019 Yasinsky Geometry Olympiad, p1

Tags: analytic geometry , circles

A circle with center at the origin and radius $5$ intersects the abscissa in points $A$ and $B$. Let $P$ a point lying on the line $x = 11$, and the point $Q$ is the intersection point of $AP$ with this circle. We know what is the $Q$ point is the midpoint of the $AP$. Find the coordinates of the point $P$.

2020 LMT Fall, B29

Tags: algebra

Alicia bought some number of disposable masks, of which she uses one per day. After she uses each of her masks, she throws out half of them (rounding up if necessary) and reuses each of the remaining masks, repeating this process until she runs out of masks. If her masks lasted her $222$ days, how many masks did she start out with?

2014 Contests, 1

Tags: number theory

Find all non-negative integer numbers $n$ for which there exists integers $a$ and $b$ such that $n^2=a+b$ and $n^3=a^2+b^2.$

2012 China Team Selection Test, 1

Tags: circumcircle , inversion , geometry

Given two circles ${\omega _1},{\omega _2}$, $S$ denotes all $\Delta ABC$ satisfies that ${\omega _1}$ is the circumcircle of $\Delta ABC$, ${\omega _2}$ is the $A$- excircle of $\Delta ABC$ , ${\omega _2}$ touches $BC,CA,AB$ at $D,E,F$. $S$ is not empty, prove that the centroid of $\Delta DEF$ is a fixed point.