Two skaters, Allie and Billie, are at points $A$ and $B$, respectively, on a flat, frozen lake. The distance between $A$ and $B$ is $100$ meters. Allie leaves $A$ and skates at a speed of $8$ meters per second on a straight line that makes a $60^\circ$ angle with $AB$. At the same time Allie leaves $A$, Billie leaves $B$ at a speed of $7$ meters per second and follows the straight path that produces the earliest possible meeting of the two skaters, given their speeds. How many meters does Allie skate before meeting Billie? [asy] defaultpen(linewidth(0.8)); draw((100,0)--origin--60*dir(60), EndArrow(5)); label("$A$", origin, SW); label("$B$", (100,0), SE); label("$100$", (50,0), S); label("$60^\circ$", (15,0), N);[/asy]

Chords $ AB$ and $ CD$ of a circle intersect at a point $ E$ inside the circle. Let $ M$ be an interior point of the segment $ EB$. The tangent line at $ E$ to the circle through $ D$, $ E$, and $ M$ intersects the lines $ BC$ and $ AC$ at $ F$ and $ G$, respectively. If \[ \frac {AM}{AB} \equal{} t, \] find $\frac {EG}{EF}$ in terms of $ t$.

Let $P$, $Q$, and $R$ be the points where the incircle of a triangle $ABC$ touches the sides $AB$, $BC$, and $CA$, respectively. Prove the inequality $\frac{BC} {PQ} + \frac{CA} {QR} + \frac{AB} {RP} \geq 6$.

Let $ x_{1} ,x_{2} ,\ldots ,x_{9}$ be real numbers on $ \left[ \minus{} 1,1\right]$. If $ \sum _{i \equal{} 1}^{9}x_{i}^{3} \equal{} 0$, then what is the largest possible value of $ \sum _{i \equal{} 1}^{9}x_{i}$? $\textbf{(A)}\ 1 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \frac {3}{2} \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 3 \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ \frac {9}{2} \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \text{None}$

The incircle $I$ of $\triangle ABC$ is tangent to sides $AB,BC,CA$ at $D,E,F$ respectively. Line $EF$ intersects lines $AI,BI,DI$ at $M,N,K$ respectively. Prove that $DM\cdot KE=DN\cdot KF$.

Find the minimum value of $\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} |\cos x -a|\sin x \ dx$

Prove the inequality $$\sum_{k=1}^{n}\frac{\sin (k+1)x}{\sin kx}< 2\frac{\cos x}{\sin^2x}$$ where $0 < nx < \pi/2$, $n \in N$.

Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle and $AD$ the bisector of the angle $\angle BAC$ with $D\in(BC)$. Let $E$ and $F$ denote feet of perpendiculars from $D$ to $AB$ and $AC$ respectively. If $BF\cap CE=K$ and $\odot AKE\cap BF=L$ prove that $DL\perp BF$.

Let $\mathbb{R}^n$ be the $n$-dimensional Euclidean space. Determine the smallest number $g(n)$ of a points of a set in $\mathbb{R}^n$ such that every point in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is an irrational distance from at least one point in that set.

All faces of the tetrahedron $ABCD$ are acute-angled. Take a point $X$ in the interior of the segment $AB$, and similarly $Y$ in $BC, Z$ in $CD$ and $T$ in $AD$. [b]a.)[/b] If $\angle DAB+\angle BCD\ne\angle CDA+\angle ABC$, then prove none of the closed paths $XYZTX$ has minimal length; [b]b.)[/b] If $\angle DAB+\angle BCD=\angle CDA+\angle ABC$, then there are infinitely many shortest paths $XYZTX$, each with length $2AC\sin k$, where $2k=\angle BAC+\angle CAD+\angle DAB$.

How many times changes the sign of the function \[ f(x)\equal{}\cos x\cos\frac{x}{2}\cos\frac{x}{3}\cdots\cos\frac{x}{2009}\] at the interval $ \left[0, \frac{2009\pi}{2}\right]$?

Let $ ABCD$ be a convex quadrilateral and let $ P$ and $ Q$ be points in $ ABCD$ such that $ PQDA$ and $ QPBC$ are cyclic quadrilaterals. Suppose that there exists a point $ E$ on the line segment $ PQ$ such that $ \angle PAE \equal{} \angle QDE$ and $ \angle PBE \equal{} \angle QCE$. Show that the quadrilateral $ ABCD$ is cyclic. [i]Proposed by John Cuya, Peru[/i]

In acute triangle $ABC$ , segments $AD; BE$ , and $CF$ are its altitudes, and $H$ is its orthocenter. Circle $\omega$, centered at $O$, passes through $A$ and $H$ and intersects sides $AB$ and $AC$ again at $Q$ and $P$ (other than $A$), respectively. The circumcircle of triangle $OPQ$ is tangent to segment $BC$ at $R$. Prove that $\frac{CR}{BR}=\frac{ED}{FD}.$

In triangle $ABC$, $AB=3$, $AC=5$, and $BC=7$. Let $E$ be the reflection of $A$ over $\overline{BC}$, and let line $BE$ meet the circumcircle of $ABC$ again at $D$. Let $I$ be the incenter of $\triangle ABD$. Given that $\cos ^2 \angle AEI = \frac{m}{n},$ where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers, determine $m+n$. [i]Proposed by Ray Li[/i]

Prove that $$ \sin^2 \alpha + \sin^2 \beta \geq \sin \alpha \sin \beta + \sin \alpha + \sin \beta - 1.$$

Let $ ABC$ be a triangle, and let the angle bisectors of its angles $ CAB$ and $ ABC$ meet the sides $ BC$ and $ CA$ at the points $ D$ and $ F$, respectively. The lines $ AD$ and $ BF$ meet the line through the point $ C$ parallel to $ AB$ at the points $ E$ and $ G$ respectively, and we have $ FG \equal{} DE$. Prove that $ CA \equal{} CB$. [i]Original formulation:[/i] Let $ ABC$ be a triangle and $ L$ the line through $ C$ parallel to the side $ AB.$ Let the internal bisector of the angle at $ A$ meet the side $ BC$ at $ D$ and the line $ L$ at $ E$ and let the internal bisector of the angle at $ B$ meet the side $ AC$ at $ F$ and the line $ L$ at $ G.$ If $ GF \equal{} DE,$ prove that $ AC \equal{} BC.$

Find all function pairs $(f,g)$ where each $f$ and $g$ is a function defined on the integers and with values, such that, for all integers $a$ and $b$, \[f(a+b)=f(a)g(b)+g(a)f(b)\\ g(a+b)=g(a)g(b)-f(a)f(b).\]

i thought that this problem was in mathlinks but when i searched i didn't find it.so here it is: Find all positive integers m for which for all $\alpha,\beta \in \mathbb{Z}-\{0\}$ \[ \frac{2^m \alpha^m-(\alpha+\beta)^m-(\alpha-\beta)^m}{3 \alpha^2+\beta^2} \in \mathbb{Z} \]

The angle bisector of the acute angle formed at the origin by the graphs of the lines $y=x$ and $y=3x$ has equation $y=kx$. What is $k$? $\textbf{(A)} \: \frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2} \qquad \textbf{(B)} \: \frac{1+\sqrt{7}}{2} \qquad \textbf{(C)} \: \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2} \qquad \textbf{(D)} \: 2\qquad \textbf{(E)} \: \frac{2+\sqrt{5}}{2}$

Evaluate \[\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} (\cos2x)(\cos 2^2x)\cdots (\cos 2^{2006}x)dx\]

In trapezoid $ ABCD$ with bases $ AB$ and $ CD$, we have $ AB\equal{}52$, $ BC\equal{}12$, $ CD\equal{}39$, and $ DA\equal{}5$. The area of $ ABCD$ is [asy] pair A,B,C,D; A=(0,0); B=(52,0); C=(38,20); D=(5,20); dot(A); dot(B); dot(C); dot(D); draw(A--B--C--D--cycle); label("$A$",A,S); label("$B$",B,S); label("$C$",C,N); label("$D$",D,N); label("52",(A+B)/2,S); label("39",(C+D)/2,N); label("12",(B+C)/2,E); label("5",(D+A)/2,W);[/asy] $ \text{(A)}\ 182 \qquad \text{(B)}\ 195 \qquad \text{(C)}\ 210 \qquad \text{(D)}\ 234 \qquad \text{(E)}\ 260$

[asy] import olympiad; import cse5; size(5cm); pointpen = black; pair A = Drawing((10,17.32)); pair B = Drawing((0,0)); pair C = Drawing((20,0)); draw(A--B--C--cycle); pair X = 0.85*A + 0.15*B; pair Y = 0.82*A + 0.18*C; pair W = (-11,0) + X; pair Z = (19, 9); draw(W--X, EndArrow); draw(X--Y, EndArrow); draw(Y--Z, EndArrow); anglepen=black; anglefontpen=black; MarkAngle("\theta", C,Y,Z, 3); [/asy] The cross-section of a prism with index of refraction $1.5$ is an equilateral triangle, as shown above. A ray of light comes in horizontally from air into the prism, and has the opportunity to leave the prism, at an angle $\theta$ with respect to the surface of the triangle. Find $\theta$ in degrees and round to the nearest whole number. [i](Ahaan Rungta, 5 points)[/i]

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with sides of length $a$, $b$ and $c$. Let the bisector of the angle $C$ cut $AB$ in $D$. Prove that the length of $CD$ is \[ \frac{2ab\cos \frac{C}{2}}{a+b}. \]

Given a triangle $ABC$ with $AB>BC$, let $ \Omega $ be the circumcircle. Let $M$, $N$ lie on the sides $AB$, $BC$ respectively, such that $AM=CN$. Let $K$ be the intersection of $MN$ and $AC$. Let $P$ be the incentre of the triangle $AMK$ and $Q$ be the $K$-excentre of the triangle $CNK$. If $R$ is midpoint of the arc $ABC$ of $ \Omega $ then prove that $RP=RQ$. [i]M. Kungodjin[/i]

A turtle runs away from an UFO with a speed of $0.2 \ m/s$. The UFO flies $5$ meters above the ground, with a speed of $20 \ m/s$. The UFO's path is a broken line, where after flying in a straight path of length $\ell$ (in meters) it may turn through for any acute angle $\alpha$ such that $\tan \alpha < \frac{\ell}{1000}$. When the UFO's center approaches within $13$ meters of the turtle, it catches the turtle. Prove that for any initial position the UFO can catch the turtle.