For a positive integer $k$, let $s(k)$ denote the sum of the digits of $k$. Show that there are infinitely many natural numbers $n$ such that $s(2^n) > s(2^{n+1})$.

Let $u_1, u_2, \dots, u_{2019}$ be real numbers satisfying \[u_{1}+u_{2}+\cdots+u_{2019}=0 \quad \text { and } \quad u_{1}^{2}+u_{2}^{2}+\cdots+u_{2019}^{2}=1.\] Let $a=\min \left(u_{1}, u_{2}, \ldots, u_{2019}\right)$ and $b=\max \left(u_{1}, u_{2}, \ldots, u_{2019}\right)$. Prove that \[ a b \leqslant-\frac{1}{2019}. \]

Two standard six sided dice labeled with the numbers $1$-$6$ are rolled, and the numbers that come up are multiplied. What is the probability that their product is a multiple of five? $\textbf{(A) } \dfrac14\qquad\textbf{(B) } \dfrac5{18}\qquad\textbf{(C) } \dfrac{11}{36}\qquad\textbf{(D) } \dfrac13\qquad\textbf{(E) } \dfrac49$

In triangle $ABC$ on side $AC$ are points $K$, $L$ and $M$ such that $BK$ is an angle bisector of $\angle ABL$, $BL$ is an angle bisector of $\angle KBM$ and $BM$ is an angle bisector of $\angle LBC$, respectively. Prove that $4 \cdot LM <AC$ and $3\cdot \angle BAC - \angle ACB < 180^{\circ}$

Some unit squares of $ 2007\times 2007 $ square board are colored. Let $ (i,j) $ be a unit square belonging to the $ith$ line and $jth$ column and $ S_{i,j} $ be the set of all colored unit squares $(x,y)$ satisfying $ x\leq i, y\leq j $. At the first step in each colored unit square $(i,j)$ we write the number of colored unit squares in $ S_{i,j} $ . In each step, in each colored unit square $(i,j)$ we write the sum of all numbers written in $ S_{i,j} $ in the previous step. Prove that after finite number of steps, all numbers in the colored unit squares will be odd.

When Troy writes his digits, his $0$, $1$, and $8$ look the same right-side-up and upside-down as seen in the figure below. His $6$ and $9$ look like upside-down images of each other. None of his other digits look like digits when they are inverted. How many different five-digit numbers (which do not begin with the digit zero) can Troy write which read the same right-side-up and upside-down? [asy] frame l; label(l,"\textsf{0}\qquad \textsf{l}\qquad\textsf{2}\qquad\textsf{3}\qquad\textsf{4}\qquad\textsf{5}\qquad\textsf{6}\qquad\textsf{7}\qquad\textsf{8}\qquad\textsf{9}"); add(rotate(180)*l); label("\textsf{0}\qquad\textsf{l}\qquad\textsf{2}\qquad\textsf{3}\qquad\textsf{4}\qquad\textsf{5}\qquad\textsf{6}\qquad\textsf{7}\qquad\textsf{8}\qquad\textsf{9}",(0,20)); [/asy]

Do there exist a convex quadrilateral and a point $P$ inside it such that the sum of distances from $P$ to the vertices of the quadrilateral is greater than its perimeter? (A.Akopyan)

Solve the following system of equations: $$\begin{cases} x^3+y+z=1\\ x+y^3+z=1\\ x+y+z^3=1\end{cases}$$

Let $ A\subset \mathbb C$ be a closed and countable set. Prove that if the analytic function $ f: \mathbb C\backslash A\longrightarrow \mathbb C$ is bounded, then $ f$ is constant.

Using cardboard equilateral triangles of side length $1$, an equilateral triangle of side length $2^{2004}$ is formed. An equilateral triangle of side $1$ whose center coincides with the center of the large triangle is removed. Determine if it is possible to completely cover the remaining surface, without overlaps or holes, using only pieces in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, each of which is created by joining three equilateral triangles of side $1$.

Can we find $N$ such that all $m\times n$ rectangles with $m,n>N$ can be tiled with $4\times6$ and $5\times7$ rectangles?

Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle, where $H$ is the orthocenter and $D,E,F$ are the feet of the altitudes from $A,B,C$ respectively. A circle tangent to $(DEF)$ at $D$ intersects the line $EF$ at $P$ and $Q$. Let $R$ and $S$ be the second intersection points of the circumcircle of triangle $\triangle BHC$ with $PH$ and $QH$, respectively. Let $T$ be the point on the line $BC$ such that $AT\perp EF$. Prove that the points $R,S,D,T$ are concyclic.

Suppose that $a$ and $b$ are real numbers such that the line $y = ax + b$ intersects the graph of $y = x^2$ at two distinct points $A$ and $B$. If the coordinates of the midpoint of $AB$ are $(5, 101)$, compute $a + b$.

The incircle of $\vartriangle ABC$ is tangent to sides $\overline{BC}, \overline{AC}$, and $\overline{AB}$ at $D, E$, and $F$, respectively. Point $G$ is the intersection of lines $AC$ and $DF$ as shown. The sides of $\vartriangle ABC$ have lengths $AB = 73, BC = 123$, and $AC = 120$. Find the length $EG$. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/d/a/aede28071a1a6b94bbe3ad8e1e104822b89439.png[/img]

$ (a)$ A group of people attends a party. Each person has at most three acquaintances in the group, and if two people do not know each other, then they have a common acquaintance in the group. What is the maximum possible number of people present? $ (b)$ If, in addition, the group contains three mutual acquaintances, what is the maximum possible number of people?

Consider a square of side of length 50. A polygonal chain $L$ is given in the square such that for every point $P$ of the square there is a point $Q$ of the chain with the property $PQ\le 1.$ Show that the length of $L$ is greater than 1248.