Found problems: 85335
Prove the identity:
a) $(ax + by + cz)^2 + (bx + cy + az)^2 + (cx + ay + bz)^2 =(cx + by + az)^2 + (bx + ay + cz)^2 + (ax + cy + bz)^2$
b) $(ax + by + cz + du)^2+(bx + cy + dz + au)^2 +(cx + dy + az + bu)^2 + (dx + ay + bz + cu)^2 =$
$(dx + cy + bz + au)^2+(cx + by + az + du)^2 +(bx + ay + dz + cu)^2 + (ax + dy + cz + bu)^2$.
If $x$ and $y$ are non-zero real numbers such that
\[ |x|+y=3 \qquad \text{and} \qquad |x|y+x^3=0, \]
then the integer nearest to $x-y$ is
$ \textbf{(A)}\ -3 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ -1 \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 2 \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 3 \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 5 $
We define $\lfloor x \rfloor$ as the largest integer less than or equal to $x$. What is
\[ \left\lfloor \frac{5^{2017015}}{5^{2015}+7} \right\rfloor \mod 1000?\]
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ a continuous function such that for any $a,b\in \mathbb{R}$, with $a<b$ such that $f(a)=f(b)$, there exist some $c\in (a,b)$ such that $f(a)=f(b)=f(c)$. Prove that $f$ is monotonic over $\mathbb{R}$.
Some cells of a checkered plane are marked so that figure $A$ formed by marked cells satisfies the following condition:$1)$ any cell of the figure $A$ has exactly two adjacent cells of $A$; and $2)$ the figure $A$ can be divided into isosceles trapezoids of area $2$ with vertices at the grid nodes (and acute angles of trapezoids are equal to $45$) . Prove that the number of marked cells is divisible by $8$.
Suppose that $p$ and $q$ are distinct primes and $S$ is a subset of $\{1, 2, ..., p-1\}$. Let $N(S)$ denote the number of ordered $q$-tuples $(x_1,x_2,...,x_q)$ with $x_i \in S$, $1 \le i \le q$, such that $x_1+x_2+...+x_q \cong 0 (mod p)$.
Let $ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral with $\angle ADC = \angle DBA$. Furthermore, let $E$ be the projection of $A$ on $BD$. Show that $BC = DE - BE$ .
Let $N$ be a positive integer. Suppose given any real $x\in (0,1)$ with decimal representation $0.a_1a_2a_3a_4\cdots$, one can color the digits $a_1,a_2,\cdots$ with $N$ colors so that the following hold:
1. each color is used at least once;
2. for any color, if we delete all the digits in $x$ except those of this color, the resulting decimal number is rational.
Find the least possible value of $N$.
[i]~Sutanay Bhattacharya[/i]
Find the coordinates of the vertices of a square $ABCD$, knowing that $A$ is on the line $y -2x -6 = 0$, $C$ at $x = 0$ and $B$ is the point $(a, 0)$ , being $a = \log_{2/3}(16/81)$.
Find the sum of all the positive divisors of $27000$.
Prove that the parity of each term of the sequence $ \left( \left\lfloor \left( \lfloor \sqrt q \rfloor +\sqrt{q} \right)^n \right\rfloor \right)_{n\ge 1} $ is opposite to the parity of its index, where $ q $ is a squarefree natural number.
Find all triples $(x,y,z)$ of positive integers such that $3^x + 4^y = 5^z$.
Find all functions $f: \mathbb{R}^{+} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{+}$ such that
$$f(xf(x + y)) = yf(x) + 1$$
holds for all $x, y \in \mathbb{R}^{+}$.
[i]Proposed by Nikola Velov, North Macedonia[/i]
For each real number $a$ and integer $n \ge 1$ prove the inequality $a^n +\frac{1}{a^n} -2 \ge n^2 \left(a +\frac{1}{a} -2\right)$ and find the cases of equality.
The region consisting of all points in three-dimensional space within $3$ units of line segment $\overline{AB}$ has volume $216\pi$. What is the length $AB$?
$\textbf{(A)}\ 6\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 12\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 18\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 20\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 24$
Let $ b$ be an even positive integer. Assume that there exist integer $ n > 1$ such that $ \frac {b^{n} \minus{} 1}{b \minus{} 1}$ is perfect square.
Prove that $ b$ is divisible by 8.
Determine all the complex numbers $w = a + bi$ with $a, b \in \mathbb{R}$, such that there exists a polinomial $p(z)$ whose coefficients are real and positive such that $p(w) = 0.$
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle, and let $X$ be a variable interior point on the minor arc $BC$ of its circumcircle. Let $P$ and $Q$ be the feet of the perpendiculars from $X$ to lines $CA$ and $CB$, respectively. Let $R$ be the intersection of line $PQ$ and the perpendicular from $B$ to $AC$. Let $\ell$ be the line through $P$ parallel to $XR$. Prove that as $X$ varies along minor arc $BC$, the line $\ell$ always passes through a fixed point. (Specifically: prove that there is a point $F$, determined by triangle $ABC$, such that no matter where $X$ is on arc $BC$, line $\ell$ passes through $F$.)
[i]Robert Simson et al.[/i]
For integers $0\le a\le n$, let $f(n,a)$ denote the number of coefficients in the expansion of $(x+1)^a(x+2)^{n-a}$ that is divisible by $3.$ For example, $(x+1)^3(x+2)^1=x^4+5x^3+9x^2+7x+2$, so $f(4,3)=1$. For each positive integer $n$, let $F(n)$ be the minimum of $f(n,0),f(n,1),\ldots ,f(n,n)$.
(1) Prove that there exist infinitely many positive integer $n$ such that $F(n)\ge \frac{n-1}{3}$.
(2) Prove that for any positive integer $n$, $F(n)\le \frac{n-1}{3}$.
A geometric series is one where the ratio between each two consecutive terms is constant (ex. 3,6,12,24,...). The fifth term of a geometric series is 5!, and the sixth term is 6!. What is the fourth term?
In a cyclic quadrilateral $ABCD$, the extensions of sides $AB$ and $CD$ meet at point $P$, and the extensions of sides $AD$ and $BC$ meet at point $Q$. Prove that the distance between the orthocenters of triangles $APD$ and $AQB$ is equal to the distance between the orthocenters of triangles $CQD$ and $BPC$.
What is the value of $(2^0-1+5^2+0)^{-1}\times 5$?
$\textbf{(A) }-125\qquad\textbf{(B) }-120\qquad\textbf{(C) }\dfrac15\qquad\textbf{(D) }\dfrac5{24}\qquad\textbf{(E) }25$
Triangle $ABC$ is isosceles, with $AB=AC$ and altitude $AM=11.$ Suppose that there is a point $D$ on $\overline{AM}$ with $AD=10$ and $\angle BDC=3\angle BAC.$ Then the perimeter of $\triangle ABC$ may be written in the form $a+\sqrt{b},$ where $a$ and $b$ are integers. Find $a+b.$
[asy] import graph; size(7cm); real lsf=0.5; pen dps=linewidth(0.7)+fontsize(10); defaultpen(dps); pen ds=black; real xmin=-1.55,xmax=7.95,ymin=-4.41,ymax=5.3; draw((1,3)--(0,0)); draw((0,0)--(2,0)); draw((2,0)--(1,3)); draw((1,3)--(1,0)); draw((1,0.7)--(0,0)); draw((1,0.7)--(2,0)); label("$11$",(0.75,1.63),SE*lsf); dot((1,3),ds); label("$A$",(0.96,3.14),NE*lsf); dot((0,0),ds); label("$B$",(-0.15,-0.18),NE*lsf); dot((2,0),ds); label("$C$",(2.06,-0.18),NE*lsf); dot((1,0),ds); label("$M$",(0.97,-0.27),NE*lsf); dot((1,0.7),ds); label("$D$",(1.05,0.77),NE*lsf); clip((xmin,ymin)--(xmin,ymax)--(xmax,ymax)--(xmax,ymin)--cycle); [/asy]
Let $0 \le a$, $b \le 1$ be real numbers. Prove the following inequality:
\[\sqrt{a^3b^3}+ \sqrt{(1-a^2)(1-ab)(1-b^2)} \le 1.\]
[i](41th Austrian Mathematical Olympiad, regional competition, problem 1)[/i]
For any column and any row in a rectangular numerical table, the product of the sum of the numbers in a column by the sum of the numbers in a row is equal to the number at the intersection of the column and the row. Prove that either the sum of all the numbers in the table is equal to $1$ or all the numbers are equal to $0$.