Found problems: 85335
Let $p$ be a prime number. Prove that from a $p^2\times p^2$ array of squares, we can select $p^3$ of the squares such that the centers of any four of the selected squares are not the vertices of a rectangle with sides parallel to the edges of the array.
Find the mathematical expectation of the area of the projection of a cube with edge of length $1$ onto a plane with an isotropically distributed random direction of projection.
A convex $n$-gon and its $n-3$ diagonals which have no common point inside the polygon form a [i]subdivision graph[/i]. Show that if and only if $3|n$, there exists a [i]subdivision graph [/i]that can be drawn in one closed stroke. (i.e. start from a certain vertex, get through every edges and diagonals exactly one time, finally back to the starting vertex.)
In a group of $6$ people playing the card game Tractor, all $54$ cards from $3$ decks are dealt evenly to all the players
at random. Each deck is dealt individually. Let the probability that no one has at least two of the same card be $X$.
Find the largest integer $n$ such that the $n$th root of $X$ is rational.
[i]Proposed by Sammy Charney[/i]
[b]Due to the problem having infinitely many solutions, all teams who inputted answers received points.[/b]
Find the smallest value of the expression $|3 \cdot 5^m - 11 \cdot 13^n|$ for all $m,n \in N$.
(Folklore)
In the diagram, $\angle AOB = \angle BOC$ and$\angle COD = \angle DOE = \angle EOF$. Given that $\angle AOD = 82^o$ and $\angle BOE = 68^o$. Find $\angle AOF$.
[img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/b/2/deba6cd740adbf033ad884fff8e13cd21d9c5a.png[/img]
Let $ABC$ be an acute scalene triangle. Let $D, E$ be points on segments $AB, AC$ respectively, such that $BD=CE$. Prove that the nine-point centers of $ADE$, $ACD$, $ABC$, $AEB$ form a rhombus.
[i]Proposed by Malay Mahajan and Siddharth Choppara[/i]
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with orthocenter $H$. Let $\ell_b, \ell_c$ be the reflection of lines $AB$ and $AC$ about $AH$ respectively. Suppose $\ell_b$ intersect $CH$ at $P$, and $\ell_c$ intersect $BH$ at $Q$. Prove that $AH, PQ, BC$ are concurrent.
[i]Proposed by Ivan Chan Kai Chin[/i]
Let \( n \) be a positive integer. Determine the largest possible value of \( k \) with the following property: there exists a bijective function \( \phi: [0, 1] \to [0, 1]^k \) and a constant \( C > 0 \) such that, for all \( x, y \in [0, 1] \),
\[
\| \phi(x) - \phi(y) \| \leq C \| x - y \|^k.
\]
Note: \( \| \cdot \| \) denotes the Euclidean norm, that is, \( \| (a_1, \ldots, a_n) \| = \sqrt{a_1^2 + \cdots + a_n^2} \).
Suppose that $X$ and $Y$ are metric spaces and $f:X \longrightarrow Y$ is a continious function. Also $f_1: X\times \mathbb R \longrightarrow Y\times \mathbb R$ with equation $f_1(x,t)=(f(x),t)$ for all $x\in X$ and $t\in \mathbb R$ is a closed function. Prove that for every compact set $K\subseteq Y$, its pre-image $f^{pre}(K)$ is a compact set in $X$.
In triangle $ABC$, $AB = 100$, $BC = 120$, and $CA = 140$. Points $D$ and $F$ lie on $\overline{BC}$ and $\overline{AB}$, respectively, such that $BD = 90$ and $AF = 60$. Point $E$ is an arbitrary point on $\overline{AC}$. Denote the intersection of $\overline{BE}$ and $\overline{CF}$ as $K$, the intersection of $\overline{AD}$ and $\overline{CF}$ as $L$, and the intersection of $\overline{AD}$ and $\overline{BE}$ as $M$. If $[KLM] = [AME] + [BKF] + [CLD]$, where $[X]$ denotes the area of region $X$, compute $CE$.
[i]Proposed by Lewis Chen
[/i]
If $K$, $L$, $M$ denote the midpoints of the sides $AB$, $BC$, $CA$ in triangle $\triangle ABC$, then for all $P$ in the plane of triangle $\triangle ABC$, we have $$\frac{AB}{PK}+\frac{BC}{PL}+\frac{CA}{PM} \geq \frac{AB\cdot BC \cdot CA}{4\cdot PK\cdot PL\cdot PM}$$
The altitude, angle bisector and median coming from one vertex of the triangle are equal to $\sqrt3$, $2$ and $\sqrt6$, respectively. Find the radius of the circle circumscribed round this triangle.
For $n\in\mathbb N$, let $x$ be the solution of $x^x=n$. Find the asymptotics of $x$, i.e., express $x=\Theta(f(n))$ for some suitable explicit function of $n$.
Two unit circles $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ intersect at points $A$ and $B$. $M$ is an arbitrary point of $\omega_1$, $N$ is an arbitrary point of $\omega_2$. Two unit circles $\omega_3$ and $\omega_4$ pass through both points $M$ and $N$. Let $C$ be the second common point of $\omega_1$ and $\omega_3$, and $D$ be the second common point of $\omega_2$ and $\omega_4$. Prove that $ACBD$ is a parallelogram.
For each positive integer $n$ we define $f (n)$ as the product of the sum of the digits of $n$ with $n$ itself.
Examples: $f (19) = (1 + 9) \times 19 = 190$, $f (97) = (9 + 7) \times 97 = 1552$.
Show that there is no number $n$ with $f (n) = 19091997$.
Consider an acute triangle $ABC$ with circumcircle $\mathcal{C}$. Let $H$ be the orthocenter of $ABC$ and $M$ the midpoint of $BC$. Lines $AH$, $BH$ and $CH$ cut $\mathcal{C}$ again at points $D$, $E$, and $F$ respectively; line $MH$ cuts $\mathcal{C}$ at $J$ such that $H$ lies between $J$ and $M$. Let $K$ and $L$ be the incenters of triangles $DEJ$ and $DFJ$ respectively. Prove $KL$ is parallel to $BC$.
Let $n$ be a positive integer divisible by $4$. Find the number of permutations $\sigma$ of $(1,2,3,\cdots,n)$ which satisfy the condition $\sigma(j)+\sigma^{-1}(j)=n+1$ for all $j \in \{1,2,3,\cdots,n\}$.
In the morning, $100$ students study as $50$ groups with two students in each group. In the afternoon, they study again as $50$ groups with two students in each group. No matter how the groups in the morning or groups in the afternoon are established, if it is possible to find $n$ students such that no two of them study together, what is the largest value of $n$?
$
\textbf{(A)}\ 42
\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 38
\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 34
\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 25
\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \text{None of above}
$
What is the difference between the sum of the first $ 2003$ even counting numbers and the sum of the first $ 2003$ odd counting numbers?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ 0 \qquad
\textbf{(B)}\ 1 \qquad
\textbf{(C)}\ 2 \qquad
\textbf{(D)}\ 2003 \qquad
\textbf{(E)}\ 4006$
Are there positive integers $m,n$ such that there exist at least $2012$ positive integers $x$ such that both $m-x^2$ and $n-x^2$ are perfect squares?
[i]David Yang.[/i]
Find the maximum value of the real constant $C$ such that $x^{2}+y^{2}+1\geq C(x+y)$, and $ x^{2}+y^{2}+xy+1\geq C(x+y)$ for all reals $x,y$.
The sidelengths of a triangle are natural numbers multiples of $7$, smaller than $40$. How many triangles satisfy these conditions?
Given $n$ numbers $a_1,a_2,...,a_n$ ($n\geq 3$) where $a_i\in\{0,1\}$ for all $i=1,2.,,,.n$. Consider $n$ following $n$-tuples \[ \begin{aligned} S_1 & =(a_1,a_2,...,a_{n-1},a_n)\\ S_2 & =(a_2,a_3,...,a_n,a_1)\\ & \vdots\\ S_n & =(a_n,a_1,...,a_{n-2},a_{n-1}).\end{aligned}\] For each tuple $r=(b_1,b_2,...,b_n)$, let \[ \omega (r)=b_1\cdot 2^{n-1}+b_2\cdot 2^{n-2}+\cdots+b_n. \] Assume that the numbers $\omega (S_1),\omega (S_2),...,\omega (S_n)$ receive exactly $k$ different values.
a) Prove that $k|n$ and $\frac{2^n-1}{2^k-1}|\omega (S_i)\quad\forall i=1,2,...,n.$
b) Let \[ \begin{aligned} M & =\max _{i=\overline{1,n}}\omega (S_i)\\ m & =\min _{i=\overline{1,n}}\omega (S_i). \end{aligned} \] Prove that \[ M-m\geq\frac{(2^n-1)(2^{k-1}-1)}{2^k-1}. \]
A function $f_n(x)\ (n=1,\ 2,\ \cdots)$ is defined by $f_1(x)=x$ and
\[f_n(x)=x+\frac{e}{2}\int_0^1 f_{n-1}(t)e^{x-t}dt\ (n=2,\ 3,\ \cdots)\].
Find $f_n(x)$.