Found problems: 85335
Let be a $ 2\times 2 $ real matrix $ A $ that has the property that $ \left| A^d-I_2 \right| =\left| A^d+I_2 \right| , $ for all $ d\in\{ 2014,2016 \} . $
Prove that $ \left| A^n-I_2 \right| =\left| A^n+I_2 \right| , $ for any natural number $ n. $
Find the smallest positive number $\lambda $ , such that for any complex numbers ${z_1},{z_2},{z_3}\in\{z\in C\big| |z|<1\}$ ,if $z_1+z_2+z_3=0$, then $$\left|z_1z_2 +z_2z_3+z_3z_1\right|^2+\left|z_1z_2z_3\right|^2 <\lambda .$$
Positive integers $a$, $b$ and $c$ satisfy the system of equations
\begin{align*}
(ab-1)^2&=c(a^2+b^2)+ab+1,\\
a^2+b^2&=c^2+ab.
\end{align*}
a) Prove that $c+1$ is a perfect square.
b) Find all such triples $(a,b,c)$.
Let $n$ be the answer to this problem. Box $B$ initially contains n balls, and Box $A$ contains half as many balls as Box $B$. After $80$ balls are moved from Box $A$ to Box $B$, the ratio of balls in Box $A$ to Box $B$ is now $\frac{p}{q}$ , where $p$, $q$ are positive integers with gcd$(p, q) = 1$. Find $100p + q$.
Let $\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$ be three acute angles such that $\sin \alpha+\sin \beta+\sin \gamma = 1$. Show that
\[\tan^{2}\alpha+\tan^{2}\beta+\tan^{2}\gamma \geq \frac{3}{8}. \]
Some language has only three letters - $A, B$ and $C$. A sequence of letters is called a word iff it contains exactly 100 letters such that exactly 40 of them are consonants and other 60 letters are all $A$. What is the maximum numbers of words one can pick such that any two picked words have at least one position where they both have consonants, but different consonants?
Consider those functions $ f: \mathbb{N} \mapsto \mathbb{N}$ which satisfy the condition
\[ f(m \plus{} n) \geq f(m) \plus{} f(f(n)) \minus{} 1
\]
for all $ m,n \in \mathbb{N}.$ Find all possible values of $ f(2007).$
[i]Author: Nikolai Nikolov, Bulgaria[/i]
In the Cartesian plane, a line segment with midpoint $(2020,11)$ has one endpoint at $(a,0)$ and the other endpoint on the line $y=x$. Compute $a$.
Assume that $a_1, a_2, a_3$ are three given positive integers consider the following sequence:
$a_{n+1}=\text{lcm}[a_n, a_{n-1}]-\text{lcm}[a_{n-1}, a_{n-2}]$ for $n\ge 3$
Prove that there exist a positive integer $k$ such that $k\le a_3+4$ and $a_k\le 0$.
($[a, b]$ means the least positive integer such that$ a\mid[a,b], b\mid[a, b]$ also because $\text{lcm}[a, b]$ takes only nonzero integers this sequence is defined until we find a zero number in the sequence)
Let $A=\{a^2+13b^2 \mid a,b \in\mathbb{Z}, b\neq0\}$. Prove that there
a) exist
b) exist infinitely many
$x,y$ integer pairs such that $x^{13}+y^{13} \in A$ and $x+y \notin A$.
(proposed by B. Bayarjargal)
All divisors of a positive integer $n$ are listed in the ascending order: $1=d_1<d_2< \ldots < d_k=n$. It turned out that the amount of pairs $(d_i,d_{i+1})$ of adjacent divisors such that $d_{i+1}$ is a multiple of $d_i$, is odd.
Prove that $n=pm^2$, where $p$ is the smallest prime divisor of $n$, and $m$ is a positive integer.
Let $n$ be a positive integer. Anna and Beatrice play a game with a deck of $n$ cards labelled with the numbers $1, 2,...,n$. Initially, the deck is shuffled. The players take turns, starting with Anna. At each turn, if $k$ denotes the number written on the topmost card, then the player first looks at all the cards and then rearranges the $k$ topmost cards. If, after rearranging, the topmost card shows the number k again, then the player has lost and the game ends. Otherwise, the turn of the other player begins. Determine, depending on the initial shuffle, if either player has a winning strategy, and if so, who does.
Given a triangle $ ABC $, $ AD $ is its angle bisector. Let $ E, F $ be the centers of the circles inscribed in the triangles $ ADC $ and $ ADB $, respectively. Denote by $ \omega $, the circle circumscribed around the triangle $ DEF $, and by $ Q $, the intersection point of $ BE $ and $ CF $, and $ H, J, K, M $ , respectively the second intersection point of the lines $ CE, CF, BE, BF $ with circle $ \omega $. Let $\omega_1, \omega_2 $ the circles be circumscribed around the triangles $ HQJ $ and $ KQM $ Prove that the intersection point of the circles $\omega_1, \omega_2 $ different from $ Q $ lies on the line $ AD $.
(Kivva Bogdan)
Find a way of arranging $n$ girls and $n$ boys around a round table for which $d_n-c_n$ is maximum, where dn is the number of girls sitting between two boys and $c_n$ is the number of boys sitting between two girls.
Una rolls $6$ standard $6$-sided dice simultaneously and calculates the product of the $6{ }$ numbers obtained. What is the probability that the product is divisible by $4?$
$\textbf{(A)}\: \frac34\qquad\textbf{(B)} \: \frac{57}{64}\qquad\textbf{(C)} \: \frac{59}{64}\qquad\textbf{(D)} \: \frac{187}{192}\qquad\textbf{(E)} \: \frac{63}{64}$
On a blackboard, there are $11$ positive integers. Show that one can choose some (maybe all) of these numbers and place "$+$" and "$-$" in between such that the result is divisible by $2011$.
Let $ABC$ ne a right triangle with $\angle ACB=90^o$. Let $E, F$ be respecitvely the midpoints of the $BC, AC$ and $CD$ be it's altitude. Next, let $P$ be the intersection of the internal angle bisector from $A$ and the line $EF$. Prove that $P$ is the center of the circle inscribed in the triangle $CDE$ .
The 20 members of a local tennis club have scheduled exactly 14 two-person games among themselves, with each member playing in at least one game. Prove that within this schedule there must be a set of 6 games with 12 distinct players.
Let be a sequence $ \left( x_n \right)_{n\ge 1} $ having the property that
$$ \lim_{n\to\infty } \left( 14(n+2)x_{n+2} -15(n+1)x_{n+1} +nx_n \right) =13. $$
Show that $ \left( x_n \right)_{n\ge 1} $ is convergent and calculate its limit.
[i]Cosmin Nițu[/i]
Does a convex heptagon exist which can be divided into 2011 equal triangles?
Let $c$ be the number of ways to choose three vertices of an $6$-dimensional cube that form an equilateral triangle. Find the remainder when $c$ is divided by $2007$.
A digital watch displays hours and minutes with $ \text c{AM}$ and $ \text c{PM}$. What is the largest possible sum of the digits in the display?
$ \textbf{(A) } 17\qquad \textbf{(B) } 19\qquad \textbf{(C) } 21\qquad \textbf{(D) } 22\qquad \textbf{(E) } 23$
Find all numbers $n \in \mathbb{N}^*$ for which there exists a finite set of natural numbers $A=(a_1, a_2,...a_n)$ so that for any $k$ $(1\leq k \leq n)$ the number $a_k$ is the number of all multiples of $k$ in set $A$.
A gradian is a unit of measurement of angles much like degrees, except that there are $100$ gradians in a right angle. Suppose that the number of gradians in an interior angle of a regular polygon with $m$ sides equals the number of degrees in an interior angle of a regular polygon with $n$ sides. Compute the number of possible distinct ordered pairs $(m, n)$.
Let $P$ be the intersection of lines $l_1$ and $l_2$. Let $S_1$ and $S_2$ be two
circles externally tangent at $P$ and both tangent to $l_1$, and let $T_1$
and $T_2$ be two circles externally tangent at $P$ and both tangent to $l_2$.
Let $A$ be the second intersection of $S_1$ and $T_1, B$ that of $S_1$ and $T_2,
C$ that of $S_2$ and $T_1$, and $D$ that of $S_2$ and $T_2$. Show that the points $A,B,C,D$ are concyclic if and only if $l_1$ and $l_2$ are perpendicular.