Let $ABC$ be a triangle such that $BC=AC+\frac{1}{2}AB$. Let $P$ be a point of $AB$ such that $AP=3PB$. Show that $\widehat{PAC} = 2 \widehat{CPA}.$

Let $a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5, a_6, a_7, a_8$ be real numbers which satisfy \[ S_3=S_{11}=1, \quad S_7=S_{15}=-1, \quad\text{and}\quad S_5 = S_9 = S_{13} = 0, \quad \text{where}\quad S_n = \sum_{\substack{1 \le i < j \le 8 \\ i+j = n}} a_ia_j. \] (For example, $S_5 = a_1a_4 + a_2a_3$.) Assuming $|a_1|=|a_2|=1$, the maximum possible value of $a_1^2 + a_2^2 + \dots + a_8^2$ can be written as $a+\sqrt{b}$ for integers $a$ and $b$. Compute $a+b$. [i]Based on a proposal by Nathan Soedjak[/i]

In a convex quadrilateral $ABCD$, diagonals $AC$ and $BD$ are equal, and they intersect at $E$. Perpendicular bisectors of $AB$ and $CD$ intersect at point $P$ lying inside triangle $AED$, and perpendicular bisectors of $BC$ and $DA$ intersect at point $Q$ lying inside triangle $CED$. Prove that $\angle PEQ = 90^\circ$.

An equilateral triangle of side $1$ is covered by five congruent equilateral triangles of side $s < 1$ with sides parallel to those of the larger triangle. Show that some four of these smaller triangles also cover the large triangle.

On a board the numbers $(n-1, n, n+1)$ are written where $n$ is positive integer. On a move choose 2 numbers $a$ and $b$, delete them and write $2a-b$ and $2b-a$. After a succession of moves, on the board there are 2 zeros. Find all possible values for $n$. Proposed by Andrei Eckstein

Let $ABCD$ be a square with side length $8$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $BC$ and let $\omega$ be the circle passing through $M, A$, and $D$. Let $O$ be the center of $\omega, X$ be the intersection point (besides A) of $\omega$ with $AB$, and $Y$ be the intersection point of $OX$ and $AM$. If the length of $OY$ can be written in simplest form as $\frac{m}{n}$ , compute $m + n$.

Trey and his mom stopped at a railroad crossing to let a train pass. As the train began to pass, Trey counted 6 cars in the first 10 seconds. It took the train 2 minutes and 45 seconds to clear the crossing at a constant speed. Which of the following was the most likely number of cars in the train? $\textbf{(A)}\ 60 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 80 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 100 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 120 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 140$

Prove that any positive integer can be represented as an aggregate of different powers of $3$, the terms in the aggregate being combined by the signs $+$ and $-$ appropriately chosen.

The numbers, in order, of each row and the numbers, in order, of each column of a $5 \times 5$ array of integers form an arithmetic progression of length $5{.}$ The numbers in positions $(5, 5), \,(2,4),\,(4,3),$ and $(3, 1)$ are $0, 48, 16,$ and $12{,}$ respectively. What number is in position $(1, 2)?$ \[ \begin{bmatrix} . & ? &.&.&. \\ .&.&.&48&.\\ 12&.&.&.&.\\ .&.&16&.&.\\ .&.&.&.&0\end{bmatrix}\] $\textbf{(A) } 19 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 24 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 29 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 34 \qquad \textbf{(E) } 39$

In a right-angled triangle, the sum $a + b$ of the sides enclosing the right angle equals $24$ while the length of the altitude $h_c$ on the hypotenuse $c$ is $7$. Determine the length of the hypotenuse.

Let $-1 < x < 1.$ Show that \[ \sum^{6}_{k=0} \frac{1 - x^2}{1 - 2 \cdot x \cdot \cos \left( \frac{2 \cdot \pi \cdot k }{7} \right) + x^2} = \frac{7 \cdot \left( 1 + x^7 \right)}{\left( 1 - x^7 \right)}. \] Deduce that \[ \csc^2\left( x + \frac{\pi}{7} \right) + \csc^2\left(2 \cdot x + \frac{\pi}{7} \right) + \csc^2\left(3 \cdot x + \frac{\pi}{7} \right) = 8. \]

[b]p4.[/b] For how many three-digit multiples of $11$ in the form $\underline{abc}$ does the quadratic $ax^2 + bx + c$ have real roots? [b]p5.[/b] William draws a triangle $\vartriangle ABC$ with $AB =\sqrt3$, $BC = 1$, and $AC = 2$ on a piece of paper and cuts out $\vartriangle ABC$. Let the angle bisector of $\angle ABC$ meet $AC$ at point $D$. He folds $\vartriangle ABD$ over $BD$. Denote the new location of point $A$ as $A'$. After William folds $\vartriangle A'CD$ over $CD$, what area of the resulting figure is covered by three layers of paper? [b]p6.[/b] Compute $(1)(2)(3) + (2)(3)(4) + ... + (18)(19)(20)$. PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].

Let $(x_n)_{n\geq 1}$ be an increasing and unbounded sequence of positive integers such that $x_1=1$ and $x_{n+1}\leq 2x_n$ for all $n\geq 1$. Prove that every positive integer can be written as a finite sum of distinct terms of the sequence. [i]Note:[/i] Two terms $x_i$ and $x_j$ of the sequence are considered distinct if $i\neq j$.

Determine all the pairs of positive real numbers $(a, b)$ with $a < b$ such that the following series $$\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \int_a^b\{x\}^k dx =\int_a^b\{x\} dx + \int_a^b\{x\}^2 dx + \int_a^b\{x\}^3 dx + \cdots$$ is convergent and determine its value in function of $a$ and $b$. [b]Note: [/b] $\{x\} = x - \lfloor x \rfloor$ denotes the fractional part of $x$.

Consider the points of intersection of the graphs $y = \cos x$ and $x = 100 \cos (100y)$ for which both coordinates are positive. Let $a$ be the sum of their $x$-coordinates and $b$ be the sum of their $y$-coordinates. Determine the value of $\frac{a}{b}$.

Let $E$ be a point on the side $AD$ of the square $ABCD$. Find such points $M$ and $K$ on the sides $AB$ and $BC$ respectively, such that the segments $MK$ and $EC$ are parallel, and the quadrilateral $MKCE$ has the largest area.

Prove that $$\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}} \leq\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}$$ for any positive real numbers $x, y,z$ such that $x+y+z = xyz.$ [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c7h236610p10925499]2008 VTRMC #1[/url] [url=http://www.math.vt.edu/people/plinnell/Vtregional/solutions.pdf]here[/url]

In order to estimate the value of $x-y$ where $x$ and $y$ are real numbers with $x>y>0$, Xiaoli rounded $x$ up by a small amount, rounded $y$ down by the same amount, and then subtracted her values. Which of the following statements is necessarily correct? $ \textbf{(A)}\ \text{Her estimate is larger than }x-y\\ \textbf{(B)}\ \text{Her estimate is smaller than }x-y\\ \textbf{(C)}\ \text{Her estimate equals }x-y\\ \textbf{(D)}\ \text{Her estimate equals }y-x\\ \textbf{(E)}\ \text{Her estimate is }0 $

Given an acute-angled triangle $ABC$. Let $CB$ be the altitude and $E$ a random point on the line $CD$. Finally, let $P, Q, R$ and $S$ are the projections of $D$ on the straight lines $AC, AE, BE$ and $BC$. Prove that the points $P, Q, R$ and $S$ lie either on a circle or on one straight line.

We call a set $ S$ on the real line $ \mathbb{R}$ [i]superinvariant[/i] if for any stretching $ A$ of the set by the transformation taking $ x$ to $ A(x) \equal{} x_0 \plus{} a(x \minus{} x_0), a > 0$ there exists a translation $ B,$ $ B(x) \equal{} x\plus{}b,$ such that the images of $ S$ under $ A$ and $ B$ agree; i.e., for any $ x \in S$ there is a $ y \in S$ such that $ A(x) \equal{} B(y)$ and for any $ t \in S$ there is a $ u \in S$ such that $ B(t) \equal{} A(u).$ Determine all [i]superinvariant[/i] sets.

A $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of its vertices using $k$ possible colors such that the end points of any edge have different colors. We say a graph $G$ is uniquely $k$-colorable if one hand it has a $k$-coloring, on the other hand there do not exist vertices $u$ and $v$ such that $u$ and $v$ have the same color in one $k$-coloring and $u$ and $v$ have different colors in another $k$-coloring. Prove that if a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices $(n \ge 3)$ is uniquely $3$-colorable, then it has at least $2n-3$ edges.

The natural numbers $ a_1 $, $ a_2 $, $ \dots $, $ a_n $ satisfy the condition $ 1 / a_1 + 1 / a_2 + \ldots + 1 / a_n = 1 $. Prove that all these numbers do not exceed $$ n ^ {2 ^ n} $$

Let $ABC$ be a triangle. For any point $X$ on $BC$, let $AX$ meet the circumcircle of $ABC$ in $X'$. Prove or disprove: $XX'$ has maximum length if and only if $AX$ lies between the median and the internal angle bisector from $A$.

Find the area of the part, in the $x$-$y$ plane, enclosed by the curve $|ye^{2x}-6e^{x}-8|=-(e^{x}-2)(e^{x}-4).$ [i]2010 Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology entrance exam[/i]

Solve equation $27\cdot3^{3\sin x}=9^{\cos^2x}$ where $x\in [0,2\pi )$