$ABCD$ is any convex quadrilateral. Squares center $E, F, G, H$ are constructed on the outside of the edges $AB, BC, CD$ and $DA$ respectively. Show that $EG$ and $FH$ are equal and perpendicular.

Prove that for any positive integer $ n$, there exists only $ n$ degree polynomial $ f(x),$ satisfying $ f(0) \equal{} 1$ and $ (x \plus{} 1)[f(x)]^2 \minus{} 1$ is an odd function.

What is the smallest integer $n$ for which any subset of $\{1,2,3,\ldots,20\}$ of size $n$ must contain two numbers that differ by $8$? $\textbf{(A) }2\qquad\textbf{(B) }8\qquad\textbf{(C) }12\qquad\textbf{(D) }13\qquad\textbf{(E) }15$

Find the smallest positive $\alpha$ (in degrees) for which all the numbers \[\cos{\alpha},\cos{2\alpha},\ldots,\cos{2^n\alpha},\ldots\] are negative.

A binary operation $*$ on real numbers has the property that $(a * b) * c = a+b+c$ for all $a$, $b$, $c$. Prove that $a * b = a+b$.

a) Let $a$ and $b$ be two non-negative real numbers. Show that $a+b \ge \sqrt{\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}}+ \sqrt{ab}$ b) Let $a$ and $b$ be two real numbers in $[0, 3]$. Show that $\sqrt{\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}}+ \sqrt{ab} \ge \frac{(a+b)^2}{2}$

All vertices of triangles $ABC$ and $A_1B_1C_1$ lie on the hyperbola $y=1/x$. It is known that $AB \parallel A_1B_1$ and $BC \parallel B_1C_1$. Prove that $AC_1 \parallel A_1C$. (I. Gorodnin)

Let $P$ be a polygon that is convex and symmetric to some point $O$. Prove that for some parallelogram $R$ satisfying $P\subset R$ we have \[\frac{|R|}{|P|}\leq \sqrt 2\] where $|R|$ and $|P|$ denote the area of the sets $R$ and $P$, respectively. [i]Proposed by Witold Szczechla, Poland[/i]

Consider a table with one real number in each cell. In one step, one may switch the sign of the numbers in one row or one column simultaneously. Prove that one can obtain a table with non-negative sums in each row and each column.

The lengths of the three sides $a, b, c$ with $a \le b \le c$, of a right triangle is an integer. Find all the sequences $(a, b, c)$ so that the values of perimeter and area of the triangle are the same.

The three-digit number 999 has a special property: It is divisible by 27, and its digit sum is also divisible by 27. The four-digit number 5778 also has this property, as it is divisible by 27 and its digit sum is also divisible by 27. How many four-digit numbers have this property?

Given that $2x + 7y = 3$, find $2^{6x + 21y - 4}$. [i]Proposed by Deyuan Li[/i]

Determine all $f:\mathbb{Z}^+ \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}^+$ such that $f(m)\geq m$ and $f(m+n) \mid f(m)+f(n)$ for all $m,n\in \mathbb{Z}^+$

Find the smallest positive integer $n$ or show no such $n$ exists, with the following property: there are infinitely many distinct $n$-tuples of positive rational numbers $(a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n)$ such that both $$a_1+a_2+\dots +a_n \quad \text{and} \quad \frac{1}{a_1} + \frac{1}{a_2} + \dots + \frac{1}{a_n}$$ are integers.

Let $ABCDEF$ be a convex hexagon such that $AB=BC,CD=DE, EF=FA.$ Prove that $\frac{BC}{BE}+\frac{DE}{DA}+\frac{FA}{FC}\ge\frac{3}{2}$ and find when equality holds.

Let us assume that the series of holomorphic functions $ \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}f_k(z)$ is absolutely convergent for all $ z \in \mathbb{C}$. Let $ H \subseteq \mathbb{C}$ be the set of those points where the above sum funcion is not regular. Prove that $ H$ is nowhere dense but not necessarily countable. [i]L. Kerchy[/i]

A rock travelled through an n x n board, stepping at each turn to the cell neighbouring the previous one by a side, so that each cell was visited once. Bob has put the integer numbers from 1 to n^2 into the cells, corresponding to the order in which the rook has passed them. Let M be the greatest difference of the numbers in neighbouring by side cells. What is the minimal possible value of M?

A large rectangle is tiled by some $1\times1$ tiles. In the center there is a small rectangle tiled by some white tiles. The small rectangle is surrounded by a red border which is five tiles wide. That red border is surrounded by a white border which is five tiles wide. Finally, the white border is surrounded by a red border which is five tiles wide. The resulting pattern is pictured below. In all, $2900$ red tiles are used to tile the large rectangle. Find the perimeter of the large rectangle. [asy] import graph; size(5cm); fill((-5,-5)--(0,-5)--(0,35)--(-5,35)--cycle^^(50,-5)--(55,-5)--(55,35)--(50,35)--cycle,red); fill((0,30)--(0,35)--(50,35)--(50,30)--cycle^^(0,-5)--(0,0)--(50,0)--(50,-5)--cycle,red); fill((-15,-15)--(-10,-15)--(-10,45)--(-15,45)--cycle^^(60,-15)--(65,-15)--(65,45)--(60,45)--cycle,red); fill((-10,40)--(-10,45)--(60,45)--(60,40)--cycle^^(-10,-15)--(-10,-10)--(60,-10)--(60,-15)--cycle,red); fill((-10,-10)--(-5,-10)--(-5,40)--(-10,40)--cycle^^(55,-10)--(60,-10)--(60,40)--(55,40)--cycle,white); fill((-5,35)--(-5,40)--(55,40)--(55,35)--cycle^^(-5,-10)--(-5,-5)--(55,-5)--(55,-10)--cycle,white); for(int i=0;i<16;++i){ draw((-i,-i)--(50+i,-i)--(50+i,30+i)--(-i,30+i)--cycle,linewidth(.5)); } [/asy]

Find all pair of integer numbers $(n,k)$ such that $n$ is not negative and $k$ is greater than $1$, and satisfying that the number: \[ A=17^{2006n}+4.17^{2n}+7.19^{5n} \] can be represented as the product of $k$ consecutive positive integers.

Let $P(x) = x^3 - 2x + 1$ and let $Q(x) = x^3 - 4x^2 + 4x - 1$. Show that if $P(r) = 0$ then $Q(r^2) = 0$.

Given a positive integer $ n$, find the number of $ n$-digit natural numbers consisting of digits 1, 2, 3 in which any two adjacent digits are either distinct or both equal to 3.

Prove that if $ \cos \pi x =\frac{1}{3} $ then $ x $ is an irrational number.

The sequence of positive integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_{2025}$ is defined as follows: $a_1=2^{2024}+1$ and $a_{n+1}$ is the greatest prime factor of $a_n^2-1$ for $1 \leq n \leq 2024$. Find the value of $a_{2024}+a_{2025}$.

if $x,y,z>0$ are postive real numbers such that $x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}=x^{2}y^{2}+y^{2}z^{2}+z^{2}x^{2}$ prove that \[((x-y)(y-z)(z-x))^{2}\leq 2((x^{2}-y^{2})^{2}+(y^{2}-z^{2})^{2}+(z^{2}-x^{2})^{2})\]

a) Prove that for $x,y \ge 1$, holds $$x+y - \frac{1}{x}- \frac{1}{y} \ge 2\sqrt{xy} -\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}$$ b) Prove that for $a,b,c,d \ge 1$ with $abcd=16$ , holds $$a+b+c+d-\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{d}\ge 6$$