Olympiad problems

2018 Taiwan TST Round 1, 2

Tags: geometry , circumcircle

In a plane, we are given $ 100 $ circles with radius $ 1 $ so that the area of any triangle whose vertices are circumcenters of those circles is at most $ 100 $. Prove that one may find a line that intersects at least $ 10 $ circles.

2019 Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Romania, 3

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , orthocenter , parallel , concyclic , cyclic quadrilateral

Let $ABC$ be a triangle in which $AB < AC, D$ is the foot of the altitude from $A, H$ is the orthocenter, $O$ is the circumcenter, $M$ is the midpoint of the side $BC, A'$ is the reflection of $A$ across $O$, and $S$ is the intersection of the tangents at $B$ and $C$ to the circumcircle. The tangent at $A'$ to the circumcircle intersects $SC$ and $SB$ at $X$ and $Y$ , respectively. If $M,S,X,Y$ are concyclic, prove that lines $OD$ and $SA'$ are parallel.

1996 Polish MO Finals, 2

Tags: circumcircle , geometry

Let $P$ be a point inside a triangle $ABC$ such that $\angle PBC = \angle PCA < \angle PAB$. The line $PB$ meets the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$ at a point $E$ (apart from $B$). The line $CE$ meets the circumcircle of triangle $APE$ at a point $F$ (apart from $E$). Show that the ratio $\frac{\left|APEF\right|}{\left|ABP\right|}$ does not depend on the point $P$, where the notation $\left|P_1P_2...P_n\right|$ stands for the area of an arbitrary polygon $P_1P_2...P_n$.

JBMO Geometry Collection, 1999

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , trigonometry , perpendicular bisector

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB=AC$. Also, let $D\in[BC]$ be a point such that $BC>BD>DC>0$, and let $\mathcal{C}_1,\mathcal{C}_2$ be the circumcircles of the triangles $ABD$ and $ADC$ respectively. Let $BB'$ and $CC'$ be diameters in the two circles, and let $M$ be the midpoint of $B'C'$. Prove that the area of the triangle $MBC$ is constant (i.e. it does not depend on the choice of the point $D$). [i]Greece[/i]

2012 Dutch IMO TST, 5

Tags: geometry , angle bisector , circumcircle

Let $\Gamma$ be the circumcircle of the acute triangle $ABC$. The angle bisector of angle $ABC$ intersects $AC$ in the point $B_1$ and the short arc $AC$ of $\Gamma$ in the point $P$. The line through $B_1$ perpendicular to $BC$ intersects the short arc $BC$ of $\Gamma$ in $K$. The line through $B$ perpendicular to $AK$ intersects $AC$ in $L$. Prove that $K, L$ and $P$ lie on a line.

1969 IMO Longlists, 2

Tags: hyperbola , geometry , circumcircle , parallelogram , conic

$(BEL 2) (a)$ Find the equations of regular hyperbolas passing through the points $A(\alpha, 0), B(\beta, 0),$ and $C(0, \gamma).$ $(b)$ Prove that all such hyperbolas pass through the orthocenter $H$ of the triangle $ABC.$ $(c)$ Find the locus of the centers of these hyperbolas. $(d)$ Check whether this locus coincides with the nine-point circle of the triangle $ABC.$

2008 Hong kong National Olympiad, 3

Tags: geometry , trigonometry , ratio , incenter , inradius , circumcircle , parallelogram

$ \Delta ABC$ is a triangle such that $ AB \neq AC$. The incircle of $ \Delta ABC$ touches $ BC, CA, AB$ at $ D, E, F$ respectively. $ H$ is a point on the segment $ EF$ such that $ DH \bot EF$. Suppose $ AH \bot BC$, prove that $ H$ is the orthocentre of $ \Delta ABC$. Remark: the original question has missed the condition $ AB \neq AC$

2012 Regional Olympiad of Mexico Center Zone, 4

Tags: trigonometry , incenter , circumcircle , angle bisector , geometry

On an acute triangle $ABC$ we draw the internal bisector of $<ABC$, $BE$, and the altitude $AD$, ($D$ on $BC$), show that $<CDE$ it's bigger than 45 degrees.

2015 Oral Moscow Geometry Olympiad, 4

Tags: midpoint , tangent , geometry , circumcircle , equal angles

In triangle $ABC$, point $M$ is the midpoint of $BC, P$ is the intersection point of the tangents at points $B$ and $C$ of the circumscribed circle, $N$ is the midpoint of the segment $MP$. The segment $AN$ intersects the circumscribed circle at point $Q$. Prove that $\angle PMQ = \angle MAQ$.

2018 Balkan MO Shortlist, G6

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , parallelogram , cyclic quadrilateral , moving points

In a triangle $ABC$ with $AB=AC$, $\omega$ is the circumcircle and $O$ its center. Let $D$ be a point on the extension of $BA$ beyond $A$. The circumcircle $\omega_{1}$ of triangle $OAD$ intersects the line $AC$ and the circle $\omega$ again at points $E$ and $G$, respectively. Point $H$ is such that $DAEH$ is a parallelogram. Line $EH$ meets circle $\omega_{1}$ again at point $J$. The line through $G$ perpendicular to $GB$ meets $\omega_{1}$ again at point $N$ and the line through $G$ perpendicular to $GJ$ meets $\omega$ again at point $L$. Prove that the points $L, N, H, G$ lie on a circle.

1997 IMO Shortlist, 25

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , incenter , parallelogram , concurrency

Let $ X,Y,Z$ be the midpoints of the small arcs $ BC,CA,AB$ respectively (arcs of the circumcircle of $ ABC$). $ M$ is an arbitrary point on $ BC$, and the parallels through $ M$ to the internal bisectors of $ \angle B,\angle C$ cut the external bisectors of $ \angle C,\angle B$ in $ N,P$ respectively. Show that $ XM,YN,ZP$ concur.

2023 Serbia Team Selection Test, P2

Tags: geometry , circumcircle

A circle centered at $A$ intersects sides $AC$ and $AB$ of $\triangle ABC$ at $E$ and $F$, and the circumcircle of $\triangle ABC$ at $X$ and $Y$. Let $D$ be the point on $BC$ such that $AD$, $BE$, $CF$ concur. Let $P=XE\cap YF$ and $Q=XF\cap YE$. Prove that the foot of the perpendicular from $D$ to $EF$ lies on $PQ$.

2007 Italy TST, 2

Tags: circumcircle , geometry

Let $ABC$ a acute triangle. (a) Find the locus of all the points $P$ such that, calling $O_{a}, O_{b}, O_{c}$ the circumcenters of $PBC$, $PAC$, $PAB$: \[\frac{ O_{a}O_{b}}{AB}= \frac{ O_{b}O_{c}}{BC}=\frac{ O_{c}O_{a}}{CA}\] (b) For all points $P$ of the locus in (a), show that the lines $AO_{a}$, $BO_{b}$ , $CO_{c}$ are cuncurrent (in $X$); (c) Show that the power of $X$ wrt the circumcircle of $ABC$ is: \[-\frac{ a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}-5R^{2}}4\] Where $a=BC$ , $b=AC$ and $c=AB$.

2011 Morocco TST, 3

Tags: geometry , incenter , circumcircle , inequalities

The vertices $X, Y , Z$ of an equilateral triangle $XYZ$ lie respectively on the sides $BC, CA, AB$ of an acute-angled triangle $ABC.$ Prove that the incenter of triangle $ABC$ lies inside triangle $XYZ.$ [i]Proposed by Nikolay Beluhov, Bulgaria[/i]

1992 IMO Longlists, 3

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , rhombus , parallelogram

Let $ABC$ be a triangle, $O$ its circumcenter, $S$ its centroid, and $H$ its orthocenter. Denote by $A_1, B_1$, and $C_1$ the centers of the circles circumscribed about the triangles $CHB, CHA$, and $AHB$, respectively. Prove that the triangle $ABC$ is congruent to the triangle $A_1B_1C_1$ and that the nine-point circle of $\triangle ABC$ is also the nine-point circle of $\triangle A_1B_1C_1$.

2012 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad, 5

Tags: circumcircle , ratio , cyclic quadrilateral , geometry

On side $AC$ of triangle $ABC$ an arbitrary point is selected $D$. The tangent in $D$ to the circumcircle of triangle $BDC$ meets $AB$ in point $C_{1}$; point $A_{1}$ is defined similarly. Prove that $A_{1}C_{1}\parallel AC$.

2006 MOP Homework, 4

Tags: circumcircle , euler , power of a point , radical axis , geometry

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with circumcenter $O$. Let $A_1$ be the midpoint of side $BC$. Ray $AA_1$ meet the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$ again at $A_2$ (other than A). Let $Q_a$ be the foot of the perpendicular from $A_1$ to line $AO$. Point $P_a$ lies on line $Q_aA_1$ such that $P_aA_2 \perp A_2O$. Define points $P_b$ and $P_c$ analogously. Prove that points $P_a$, P_b$, and $P_c$ lie on a line.

2016 Mediterranean Mathematics Olympiad, 1

Tags: circumcircle , geometry

Let $ABC$ be a triangle. Let $D$ be the intersection point of the angle bisector at $A$ with $BC$. Let $T$ be the intersection point of the tangent line to the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$ at point $A$ with the line through $B$ and $C$. Let $I$ be the intersection point of the orthogonal line to $AT$ through point $D$ with the altitude $h_a$ of the triangle at point $A$. Let $P$ be the midpoint of $AB$, and let $O$ be the circumcenter of triangle $ABC$. Let $M$ be the intersection point of $AB$ and $TI$, and let $F$ be the intersection point of $PT$ and $AD$. Prove: $MF$ and $AO$ are orthogonal to each other.

2007 Germany Team Selection Test, 3

Tags: ratio , circumcircle , geometry

In triangle $ ABC$ we have $ a \geq b$ and $ a \geq c.$ Prove that the ratio of circumcircle radius to incircle diameter is at least as big as the length of the centroidal axis $ s_a$ to the altitude $ a_a.$ When do we have equality?

2019 Tuymaada Olympiad, 2

Tags: circumcircle , circles , common tangent , geometry

A triangle $ABC$ with $AB < AC$ is inscribed in a circle $\omega$. Circles $\gamma_1$ and $\gamma_2$ touch the lines $AB$ and $AC$, and their centres lie on the circumference of $\omega$. Prove that $C$ lies on a common external tangent to $\gamma_1$ and $\gamma_2$.

2007 Portugal MO, 2

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , concurrency

Let $[ABC]$ be a triangle and $X, Y$ and $Z$ points on the sides $[AB], [BC]$ and $[AC]$, respectively. Prove that circumcircles of triangles $AXZ, BXY$ and $CYZ$ intersect at a point.

Russian TST 2022, P3

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , excircle , ddit

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with circumcircle $\omega$ and let $\Omega_A$ be the $A$-excircle. Let $X$ and $Y$ be the intersection points of $\omega$ and $\Omega_A$. Let $P$ and $Q$ be the projections of $A$ onto the tangent lines to $\Omega_A$ at $X$ and $Y$ respectively. The tangent line at $P$ to the circumcircle of the triangle $APX$ intersects the tangent line at $Q$ to the circumcircle of the triangle $AQY$ at a point $R$. Prove that $\overline{AR} \perp \overline{BC}$.

2003 Baltic Way, 12

Tags: circumcircle , ratio , perpendicular bisector , geometry

Points $M$ and $N$ are taken on the sides $BC$ and $CD$ respectively of a square $ABCD$ so that $\angle MAN=45^{\circ}$. Prove that the circumcentre of $\triangle AMN$ lies on $AC$.

2010 Contests, 2

Tags: circumcircle , rotation , analytic geometry , perpendicular bisector , lalala , geometry

$AB$ is a diameter of a circle with center $O$. Let $C$ and $D$ be two different points on the circle on the same side of $AB$, and the lines tangent to the circle at points $C$ and $D$ meet at $E$. Segments $AD$ and $BC$ meet at $F$. Lines $EF$ and $AB$ meet at $M$. Prove that $E,C,M$ and $D$ are concyclic.

2012 Indonesia MO, 3

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , angle bisector , perpendicular

Given an acute triangle $ABC$ with $AB>AC$ that has circumcenter $O$. Line $BO$ and $CO$ meet the bisector of $\angle BAC$ at $P$ and $Q$, respectively. Moreover, line $BQ$ and $CP$ meet at $R$. Show that $AR$ is perpendicular to $BC$. [i]Proposer: Soewono and Fajar Yuliawan[/i]