Let $O$ be the circumcenter of $\triangle ABC.$ The circle $k$ passing through $A$ and $B$ cuts $AC$ and $BC$ at $P$ and $Q,$ respectively. Prove that $PQ$ and $OC$ are perpendicular.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle, and $D$, $E$, $F$ points on the segments $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$ respectively such that $$ \frac{BD}{DC} = \frac{CE}{EA} = \frac{AF}{FB}. $$ Show that if the centres of the circumscribed circles of the triangles $DEF$ and $ABC$ coincide, then $ABC$ is an equilateral triangle.

Denote by $B_1$ and $C_1$, the midpoints of the sides $AB$ and $AC$ of the triangle $ABC$. Let the circles circumscribed around the triangles $ABC_1$ and $AB_1C$ intersect at points $A$ and $P$, and let the line $AP$ intersect the circle circumscribed around the triangle $ABC$ at points $A$ and $Q$. Find the ratio $\frac{AQ}{AP}$.

Two sequences of integers, $ a_1, a_2, a_3, \ldots$ and $ b_1, b_2, b_3, \ldots$, satisfy the equation \[ (a_n \minus{} a_{n \minus{} 1})(a_n \minus{} a_{n \minus{} 2}) \plus{} (b_n \minus{} b_{n \minus{} 1})(b_n \minus{} b_{n \minus{} 2}) \equal{} 0 \] for each integer $ n$ greater than $ 2$. Prove that there is a positive integer $ k$ such that $ a_k \equal{} a_{k \plus{} 2008}$.

Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AB<AC<BC, c$ it's circumscribed circle and $D,E$ be the midpoints of $AB,AC$ respectively. With diameters the sides $AB,AC$, we draw semicircles, outer of the triangle, which are intersected by line $D$ at points $M$ and $N$ respectively. Lines $MB$ and $NC$ intersect the circumscribed circle at points $T,S$ respectively. Lines $MB$ and $NC$ intersect at point $H$. Prove that: a) point $H$ lies on the circumcircle of triangle $AMN$ b) lines $AH$ and $TS$ are perpedicular and their intersection, let it be $Z$, is the circimcenter of triangle $AMN$

Given a triangle $ ABC$ of incenter $ I$, let $ P$ be the intersection of the external bisector of angle $ A$ and the circumcircle of $ ABC$, and $ J$ the second intersection of $ PI$ and the circumcircle of $ ABC$. Show that the circumcircles of triangles $ JIB$ and $ JIC$ are respectively tangent to $ IC$ and $ IB$.

On the hypotenuse $AB$ of the right-angled triangle $ABC$, a point $K$ is chosen such that $BK = BC$. Let $P$ be a point on the perpendicular line from point $K$ to the line $CK$, equidistant from the points $K$ and $B$. Also let $L$ denote the midpoint of the segment $CK$. Prove that line $AP$ is tangent to the circumcircle of the triangle $BLP$.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle and let $I$ and $O$ denote its incentre and circumcentre respectively. Let $\omega_A$ be the circle through $B$ and $C$ which is tangent to the incircle of the triangle $ABC$; the circles $\omega_B$ and $\omega_C$ are defined similarly. The circles $\omega_B$ and $\omega_C$ meet at a point $A'$ distinct from $A$; the points $B'$ and $C'$ are defined similarly. Prove that the lines $AA',BB'$ and $CC'$ are concurrent at a point on the line $IO$. [i](Russia) Fedor Ivlev[/i]

Given a circumscribed trapezium $ ABCD$ with circumcircle $ \omega$ and 2 parallel sides $ AD,BC$ ($ BC<AD$). Tangent line of circle $ \omega$ at the point $ C$ meets with the line $ AD$ at point $ P$. $ PE$ is another tangent line of circle $ \omega$ and $ E\in\omega$. The line $ BP$ meets circle $ \omega$ at point $ K$. The line passing through the point $ C$ paralel to $ AB$ intersects with $ AE$ and $ AK$ at points $ N$ and $ M$ respectively. Prove that $ M$ is midpoint of segment $ CN$.

Let $A_1A_2A_3 \ldots A_{21}$ be a 21-sided regular polygon inscribed in a circle with centre $O$. How many triangles $A_iA_jA_k$, $1 \leq i < j < k \leq 21$, contain the centre point $O$ in their interior?

$S_{1},S_{2},S_{3}$ are three spheres in $\mathbb R^{3}$ that their centers are not collinear. $k\leq8$ is the number of planes that touch three spheres. $A_{i},B_{i},C_{i}$ is the point that $i$-th plane touch the spheres $S_{1},S_{2},S_{3}$. Let $O_{i}$ be circumcenter of $A_{i}B_{i}C_{i}$. Prove that $O_{i}$ are collinear.

Let $AA',BB',CC'$ be three diameters of the circumcircle of an acute triangle $ABC$. Let $P$ be an arbitrary point in the interior of $\triangle ABC$, and let $D,E,F$ be the orthogonal projection of $P$ on $BC,CA,AB$, respectively. Let $X$ be the point such that $D$ is the midpoint of $A'X$, let $Y$ be the point such that $E$ is the midpoint of $B'Y$, and similarly let $Z$ be the point such that $F$ is the midpoint of $C'Z$. Prove that triangle $XYZ$ is similar to triangle $ABC$.

The midpoints of the sides of a regular hexagon $ABCDEF$ are joined to form a smaller hexagon. What fraction of the area of $ABCDEF$ is enclosed by the smaller hexagon? [asy] size(130); pair A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L; A = dir(120); B = dir(60); C = dir(0); D = dir(-60); E = dir(-120); F = dir(180); draw(A--B--C--D--E--F--cycle); dot(A); dot(B); dot(C); dot(D); dot(E); dot(F); G = midpoint(A--B); H = midpoint(B--C); I = midpoint(C--D); J = midpoint(D--E); K = midpoint(E--F); L = midpoint(F--A); draw(G--H--I--J--K--L--cycle); label("$A$", A, dir(120)); label("$B$", B, dir(60)); label("$C$", C, dir(0)); label("$D$", D, dir(-60)); label("$E$", E, dir(-120)); label("$F$", F, dir(180)); [/asy] $\textbf{(A)}\ \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt 3}{3} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \displaystyle \frac{2}{3} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \displaystyle \frac{3}{4} \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt 3}{2}$

$ABCD$ is a parallelogram. $K$ is the circumcircle of $ABD$. The lines $BC$ and $CD$ meet $K$ again at $E$ and $F$. Show that the circumcenter of $CEF$ lies on $K$.

A triangle $ABC$ is given. Let $M$ be the midpoint of the side $AC$ of the triangle and $Z$ the image of point $B$ along the line $BM$. The circle with center $M$ and radius $MB$ intersects the lines $BA$ and $BC$ at the points $E$ and $G$ respectively. Let $H$ be the point of intersection of $EG$ with the line $AC$, and $K$ the point of intersection of $HZ$ with the line $EB$. The perpendicular from point $K$ to the line $BH$ intersects the lines $BZ$ and $BH$ at the points $L$ and $N$, respectively. If $P$ is the second point of intersection of the circumscribed circles of the triangles $KZL$ and $BLN$, prove that, the lines $BZ, KN$ and $HP$ intersect at a common point.

Point $X$ is chosen inside the non trapezoid quadrilateral $ABCD$ such that $\angle AXD +\angle BXC=180$. Suppose the angle bisector of $\angle ABX$ meets the $D$-altitude of triangle $ADX$ in $K$, and the angle bisector of $\angle DCX$ meets the $A$-altitude of triangle $ADX$ in $L$.We know $BK \perp CX$ and $CL \perp BX$. If the circumcenter of $ADX$ is on the line $KL$ prove that $KL \perp AD$. Proposed by [i]Alireza Dadgarnia[/i]

Let $ABC$ be a triangle and let $D, E$ are points on its circumscribed circle, such that $D$ lies on arc $AB, E$ lies on arc $AC$ (smaller arcs) and $BD \parallel CE$ . Let the point F be the intersection of the lines $DA$ and $CE$, and the intersection of the lines $EA$ and $BD$ is $G$. Let $P$ be the second intersection of the circumscribed circles of $\vartriangle ABG$ and $\vartriangle ACF$. Prove that the line$ AP$ passes through the mid point of the side $BC$.

Let a tetrahedron $ ABCD$ and $ A',B',C',D'$ be the circumcenters of triangles $ BCD,CDA,DAB,ABC$ respectively. Denote planes $ (P_A),(P_B),(P_C),(P_D)$ be the planes which pass through $ A,B,C,D$ and perpendicular to $ C'D',D'A',A'B',B'C'$ respectively. Prove that these planes have a common point called $ I.$ If $ P$ is the center of the circumsphere of the tetrahedron, must this tetrahedron be regular?

In a triangle $ABC$ we have $AB = AC.$ A circle which is internally tangent with the circumscribed circle of the triangle is also tangent to the sides $AB, AC$ in the points $P,$ respectively $Q.$ Prove that the midpoint of $PQ$ is the center of the inscribed circle of the triangle $ABC.$

Triangle $ABC$ is inscribed in a circle with center $O$. Let $D$ and $E$ be points on the respective sides $AB$ and $AC$ so that $DE$ is perpendicular to $AO$. Show that the four points $B,D,E$ and $C$ lie on a circle.

Let $A_1A_2 \cdots A_{10}$ be a regular decagon such that $[A_1A_4]=b$ and the length of the circumradius is $R$. What is the length of a side of the decagon? $ \textbf{a)}\ b-R \qquad\textbf{b)}\ b^2-R^2 \qquad\textbf{c)}\ R+\dfrac b2 \qquad\textbf{d)}\ b-2R \qquad\textbf{e)}\ 2b-3R $

Find, with proof, the point $P$ in the interior of an acute-angled triangle $ABC$ for which $BL^2+CM^2+AN^2$ is a minimum, where $L,M,N$ are the feet of the perpendiculars from $P$ to $BC,CA,AB$ respectively. [i]Proposed by United Kingdom.[/i]

Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle. Tangents on the circumscribed circle of triangle $ABC$ at points $B$ and $C$ intersect at point $T$. Let $D$ and $E$ be a foot of the altitudes from $T$ onto $AB$ and $AC$ and let $M$ be the midpoint of $BC$. Prove: A) Prove that $M$ is the orthocenter of the triangle $ADE$. B) Prove that $TM$ cuts $DE$ in half.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle and $D$ is a point in $BC$. The line $DA$ cuts the circumcircle of $ABC$ in the point $E$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of $AB$ and $CD$, respectively. Let $F=MN\cap AD$ and $G\neq F$ is the point of intersection of the circumcircles of $\triangle DNF$ and $\triangle ECF$. Prove that $B,F$ and $G$ are collinears.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB\neq CB$. Let $C^{\prime}$ be a point on the ray $[AB$ such that $AC^{\prime}=CB$. Let $A^{\prime}$ be a point on the ray $[CB$ such that $CA^{\prime}=AB$. Let the circumcircles of triangles $ABA^{\prime}$ and $CBC^{\prime}$ intersect at a point $Q$ (apart from $B$). Prove that the line $BQ$ bisects the segment $CA$. Darij