Olympiad problems

2012 Iran MO (3rd Round), 4

The incircle of triangle $ABC$ for which $AB\neq AC$, is tangent to sides $BC,CA$ and $AB$ in points $D,E$ and $F$ respectively. Perpendicular from $D$ to $EF$ intersects side $AB$ at $X$, and the second intersection point of circumcircles of triangles $AEF$ and $ABC$ is $T$. Prove that $TX\perp TF$. [i]Proposed By Pedram Safaei[/i]

2021 Iran MO (2nd Round), 3

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , cyclic quadrilateral

Circle $\omega$ is inscribed in quadrilateral $ABCD$ and is tangent to segments $BC, AD$ at $E,F$ , respectively.$DE$ intersects $\omega$ for the second time at $X$. if the circumcircle of triangle $DFX$ is tangent to lines $AB$ and $CD$ , prove that quadrilateral $AFXC$ is cyclic.

2008 ITAMO, 1

Tags: circumcircle , geometry

Let $ ABCDEFGHILMN$ be a regular dodecagon, let $ P$ be the intersection point of the diagonals $ AF$ and $ DH$. Let $ S$ be the circle which passes through $ A$ and $ H$, and which has the same radius of the circumcircle of the dodecagon, but is different from the circumcircle of the dodecagon. Prove that: 1. $ P$ lies on $ S$ 2. the center of $ S$ lies on the diagonal $ HN$ 3. the length of $ PE$ equals the length of the side of the dodecagon

2009 Germany Team Selection Test, 2

Tags: circumcircle , incenter , geometry

Let triangle $ABC$ be perpendicular at $A.$ Let $M$ be the midpoint of segment $\overline{BC}.$ Point $D$ lies on side $\overline{AC}$ and satisfies $|AD|=|AM|.$ Let $P \neq C$ be the intersection of the circumcircle of triangles $AMC$ and $BDC.$ Prove that $CP$ bisects the angle at $C$ of triangle $ABC.$

2009 Belarus Team Selection Test, 2

Tags: geometry , trapezoid , circumcircle

Given trapezoid $ ABCD$ with parallel sides $ AB$ and $ CD$, assume that there exist points $ E$ on line $ BC$ outside segment $ BC$, and $ F$ inside segment $ AD$ such that $ \angle DAE \equal{} \angle CBF$. Denote by $ I$ the point of intersection of $ CD$ and $ EF$, and by $ J$ the point of intersection of $ AB$ and $ EF$. Let $ K$ be the midpoint of segment $ EF$, assume it does not lie on line $ AB$. Prove that $ I$ belongs to the circumcircle of $ ABK$ if and only if $ K$ belongs to the circumcircle of $ CDJ$. [i]Proposed by Charles Leytem, Luxembourg[/i]

2013 China National Olympiad, 1

Tags: circumcircle , perpendicular bisector , power of a point , geometry

Two circles $K_1$ and $K_2$ of different radii intersect at two points $A$ and $B$, let $C$ and $D$ be two points on $K_1$ and $K_2$, respectively, such that $A$ is the midpoint of the segment $CD$. The extension of $DB$ meets $K_1$ at another point $E$, the extension of $CB$ meets $K_2$ at another point $F$. Let $l_1$ and $l_2$ be the perpendicular bisectors of $CD$ and $EF$, respectively. i) Show that $l_1$ and $l_2$ have a unique common point (denoted by $P$). ii) Prove that the lengths of $CA$, $AP$ and $PE$ are the side lengths of a right triangle.

2014 Contests, 2

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , perpendicular

The center of the circumcircle of the acute triangle $ABC$ is $M$, and the circumcircle of $ABM$ meets $BC$ and $AC$ at $P$ and $Q$ ($P\ne B$). Show that the extension of the line segment $CM$ is perpendicular to $PQ$.

2004 Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Moldova, 7

Tags: circumcircle , angle bisector , geometry

Let the triangle $ABC$ have area $1$. The interior bisectors of the angles $\angle BAC,\angle ABC, \angle BCA$ intersect the sides $(BC), (AC), (AB) $ and the circumscribed circle of the respective triangle $ABC$ at the points $L$ and $G, N$ and $F, Q$ and $E$. The lines $EF, FG,GE$ intersect the bisectors $(AL), (CQ) ,(BN)$ respectively at points $P, M, R$. Determine the area of the hexagon $LMNPR$.

2010 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad, 2

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , trigonometry , gauss , euler , geometric transformation , homothety

Bisectors $AA_1$ and $BB_1$ of a right triangle $ABC \ (\angle C=90^\circ )$ meet at a point $I.$ Let $O$ be the circumcenter of triangle $CA_1B_1.$ Prove that $OI \perp AB.$

2004 All-Russian Olympiad, 4

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , geometric transformation , analytic geometry , homothety , symmetry

Let $O$ be the circumcenter of an acute-angled triangle $ABC$, let $T$ be the circumcenter of the triangle $AOC$, and let $M$ be the midpoint of the segment $AC$. We take a point $D$ on the side $AB$ and a point $E$ on the side $BC$ that satisfy $\angle BDM = \angle BEM = \angle ABC$. Show that the straight lines $BT$ and $DE$ are perpendicular.

2004 India IMO Training Camp, 1

Tags: excenter , circumcircle , circumcenter , triangle , geometry

Let $ABC$ be a triangle and let $P$ be a point in its interior. Denote by $D$, $E$, $F$ the feet of the perpendiculars from $P$ to the lines $BC$, $CA$, $AB$, respectively. Suppose that \[AP^2 + PD^2 = BP^2 + PE^2 = CP^2 + PF^2.\] Denote by $I_A$, $I_B$, $I_C$ the excenters of the triangle $ABC$. Prove that $P$ is the circumcenter of the triangle $I_AI_BI_C$. [i]Proposed by C.R. Pranesachar, India [/i]

2015 Caucasus Mathematical Olympiad, 3

Tags: equal angles , equal segments , circumcircle , angle bisector , geometry

Let $AL$ be the angle bisector of the acute-angled triangle $ABC$. and $\omega$ be the circle circumscribed about it. Denote by $P$ the intersection point of the extension of the altitude $BH$ of the triangle $ABC$ with the circle $\omega$ . Prove that if $\angle BLA= \angle BAC$, then $BP = CP$.

2018 Dutch IMO TST, 2

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , tangent , perpendicular , right triangle

Suppose a triangle $\vartriangle ABC$ with $\angle C = 90^o$ is given. Let $D$ be the midpoint of $AC$, and let $E$ be the foot of the altitude through $C$ on $BD$. Show that the tangent in $C$ of the circumcircle of $\vartriangle AEC$ is perpendicular to $AB$.

2022 Princeton University Math Competition, 14

Tags: geometry , ratio , circumcircle , number theory , relatively prime

Let $\vartriangle ABC$ be a triangle. Let $Q$ be a point in the interior of $\vartriangle ABC$, and let $X, Y,Z$ denote the feet of the altitudes from $Q$ to sides $BC$, $CA$, $AB$, respectively. Suppose that $BC = 15$, $\angle ABC = 60^o$, $BZ = 8$, $ZQ = 6$, and $\angle QCA = 30^o$. Let line $QX$ intersect the circumcircle of $\vartriangle XY Z$ at the point $W\ne X$. If the ratio $\frac{ WY}{WZ}$ can be expressed as $\frac{p}{q}$ for relatively prime positive integers $p, q$, find $p + q$.

2011 All-Russian Olympiad, 2

Tags: parallelogram , circumcircle , geometric transformation , reflection , symmetry , geometry

On side $BC$ of parallelogram $ABCD$ ($A$ is acute) lies point $T$ so that triangle $ATD$ is an acute triangle. Let $O_1$, $O_2$, and $O_3$ be the circumcenters of triangles $ABT$, $DAT$, and $CDT$ respectively. Prove that the orthocenter of triangle $O_1O_2O_3$ lies on line $AD$.

2013 Stanford Mathematics Tournament, 1

Tags: geometry , circumcircle

In triangle $ABC$, $AC=7$. $D$ lies on $AB$ such that $AD=BD=CD=5$. Find $BC$.

2009 All-Russian Olympiad, 3

Tags: geometry , 3d geometry , sphere , pyramid , circumcircle , symmetry , perpendicular bisector

Let $ ABCD$ be a triangular pyramid such that no face of the pyramid is a right triangle and the orthocenters of triangles $ ABC$, $ ABD$, and $ ACD$ are collinear. Prove that the center of the sphere circumscribed to the pyramid lies on the plane passing through the midpoints of $ AB$, $ AC$ and $ AD$.

2013 Silk Road, 2

Tags: geometry , incircle , circumcircle

Circle with center $I$, inscribed in a triangle $ABC$ , touches the sides $BC$ and $AC$ at points $A_1$ and $B_1$ respectively. On rays $A_1I$ and $B_1I$, respectively, let be the points $A_2$ and $B_2$ such that $IA_2=IB_2=R$, where $R$is the radius of the circumscribed circle of the triangle $ABC$. Prove that: a) $AA_2 = BB_2 = OI$ where $O$ is the center of the circumscribed circle of the triangle $ABC$, b) lines $AA_2$ and $BB_2$ intersect on the circumcircle of the triangle $ABC$.

1989 IMO Shortlist, 1

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , inradius , area , geometric inequality

$ ABC$ is a triangle, the bisector of angle $ A$ meets the circumcircle of triangle $ ABC$ in $ A_1$, points $ B_1$ and $ C_1$ are defined similarly. Let $ AA_1$ meet the lines that bisect the two external angles at $ B$ and $ C$ in $ A_0$. Define $ B_0$ and $ C_0$ similarly. Prove that the area of triangle $ A_0B_0C_0 \equal{} 2 \cdot$ area of hexagon $ AC_1BA_1CB_1 \geq 4 \cdot$ area of triangle $ ABC$.

2015 Singapore Senior Math Olympiad, 1

Tags: tangent , collinear , circumcircle , geometry

In an acute-angled triangle $ABC$, $M$ is a point on the side $BC$, the line $AM$ meets the circumcircle $\omega$ of $ABC$ at the point $Q$ distinct from $A$. The tangent to $\omega$ at $Q$ intersects the line through $M$ perpendicular to the diameter $AK$ of $\omega$ at the point $P$. Let $L$ be the point on $\omega$ distinct from $Q$ such that $PL$ is tangent to $\omega$ at $L$. Prove that $L,M$ and $K$ are collinear.

2010 Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Moldova, 3

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , collinear , tangent

The tangent to the circle circumscribed to the triangle $ABC$, taken through the vertex $A$, intersects the line $BC$ at the point $P$, and the tangents to the same circle, taken through $B$ and $C$, intersect the lines $AC$ and $AB$, respectively at the points $Q$ and $R$. Prove that the points $P, Q$ ¸ and $R$ are collinear.

2020 ITAMO, 4

Tags: geometry , circumcircle

Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with $AB=AC$, let $D$ be the foot of perpendicular, of the point $C$, to the line $AB$ and the point $M$ is the midpoint of $AC$. Finally, the point $E$ is the second intersection of the line $BC$ and the circumcircle of $\triangle CDM$. Prove that the lines $AE, BM$ and $CD$ are concurrents if and only if $CE=CM$.

2009 CentroAmerican, 5

Tags: circumcircle , projective geometry , geometric transformation , homothety , geometry

Given an acute and scalene triangle $ ABC$, let $ H$ be its orthocenter, $ O$ its circumcenter, $ E$ and $ F$ the feet of the altitudes drawn from $ B$ and $ C$, respectively. Line $ AO$ intersects the circumcircle of the triangle again at point $ G$ and segments $ FE$ and $ BC$ at points $ X$ and $ Y$ respectively. Let $ Z$ be the point of intersection of line $ AH$ and the tangent line to the circumcircle at $ G$. Prove that $ HX$ is parallel to $ YZ$.

Kyiv City MO Seniors 2003+ geometry, 2022.11.3

Tags: geometry , orthocenter , circumcenter , circumcircle

Let $H$ and $O$ be the orthocenter and the circumcenter of the triangle $ABC$. Line $OH$ intersects the sides $AB, AC$ at points $X, Y$ correspondingly, so that $H$ belongs to the segment $OX$. It turned out that $XH = HO = OY$. Find $\angle BAC$. [i](Proposed by Oleksii Masalitin)[/i]

2010 Balkan MO Shortlist, G5

Tags: geometric transformation , reflection , circumcircle , cyclic quadrilateral , geometry

Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with orthocentre $H$, and let $M$ be the midpoint of $AC$. The point $C_1$ on $AB$ is such that $CC_1$ is an altitude of the triangle $ABC$. Let $H_1$ be the reflection of $H$ in $AB$. The orthogonal projections of $C_1$ onto the lines $AH_1$, $AC$ and $BC$ are $P$, $Q$ and $R$, respectively. Let $M_1$ be the point such that the circumcentre of triangle $PQR$ is the midpoint of the segment $MM_1$. Prove that $M_1$ lies on the segment $BH_1$.