Olympiad problems

2021 Vietnam National Olympiad, 3

Tags: geometry , circumcircle

Let $\bigtriangleup ABC$ is not an isosceles triangle and is an acute triangle, $AD,BE,CF$ be the altitudes and $H$ is the orthocenter .Let $I$ is the circumcenter of $\bigtriangleup HEF$ and let $K,J$ is the midpoint of $BC,EF$ respectively.Let $HJ$ intersects $(I)$ again at $G$ and $GK$ intersects $(I)$ at $L\neq G$. a) Prove that $AL$ is perpendicular to $EF$. b) Let $AL$ intersects $EF$ at $M$, the line $IM$ intersects the circumcircle $\bigtriangleup IEF$ again at $N$, $DN$ intersects $AB,AC$ at $P$ and $Q$ respectively then prove that $PE,QF,AK$ are concurrent.

2024 Bundeswettbewerb Mathematik, 3

Tags: circumcircle , angle chasing , parallelogram , geometry

Let $ABCD$ be a parallelogram whose diagonals intersect in $M$. Suppose that the circumcircle of $ABM$ intersects the segment $AD$ in a point $E \ne A$ and that the circumcircle of $EMD$ intersects the segment $BE$ in a point $F \ne E$. Show that $\angle ACB=\angle DCF$.

2004 Germany Team Selection Test, 3

Tags: analytic geometry , circumcircle , incenter , trigonometry , ratio , conic , geometry

Given six real numbers $a$, $b$, $c$, $x$, $y$, $z$ such that $0 < b-c < a < b+c$ and $ax + by + cz = 0$. What is the sign of the sum $ayz + bzx + cxy$ ?

1992 IberoAmerican, 3

Tags: circumcircle , trigonometry , inradius , inequalities , incenter , geometry

Let $ABC$ be an equilateral triangle of sidelength 2 and let $\omega$ be its incircle. a) Show that for every point $P$ on $\omega$ the sum of the squares of its distances to $A$, $B$, $C$ is 5. b) Show that for every point $P$ on $\omega$ it is possible to construct a triangle of sidelengths $AP$, $BP$, $CP$. Also, the area of such triangle is $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}$.

2016 Bosnia and Herzegovina Team Selection Test, 5

Tags: geometry , incenter , circumcircle , arc midpoint , cyclic , angle bisector

Let $k$ be a circumcircle of triangle $ABC$ $(AC<BC)$. Also, let $CL$ be an angle bisector of angle $ACB$ $(L \in AB)$, $M$ be a midpoint of arc $AB$ of circle $k$ containing the point $C$, and let $I$ be an incenter of a triangle $ABC$. Circle $k$ cuts line $MI$ at point $K$ and circle with diameter $CI$ at $H$. If the circumcircle of triangle $CLK$ intersects $AB$ again at $T$, prove that $T$, $H$ and $C$ are collinear. .

2009 Postal Coaching, 5

Tags: fixed point , fixed , circumcircle , geometry

A point $D$ is chosen in the interior of the side $BC$ of an acute triangle $ABC$, and another point $P$ in the interior of the segment $AD$, but not lying on the median through $C$. This median (through $C$) intersects the circumcircle of a triangle $CPD$ at $K(\ne C)$. Prove that the circumcircle of triangle $AKP$ always passes through a fixed point $M(\ne A)$ independent of the choices of the points $D$ and $P.$

2019 Balkan MO Shortlist, G5

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , equal segments

Let $ABC$ ($BC > AC$) be an acute triangle with circumcircle $k$ centered at $O$. The tangent to $k$ at $C$ intersects the line $AB$ at the point $D$. The circumcircles of triangles $BCD, OCD$ and $AOB$ intersect the ray $CA$ (beyond $A$) at the points $Q, P$ and $K$, respectively, such that $P \in (AK)$ and $K \in (PQ)$. The line $PD$ intersects the circumcircle of triangle $BKQ$ at the point $T$, so that $P$ and $T$ are in different halfplanes with respect to $BQ$. Prove that $TB = TQ$.

Brazil L2 Finals (OBM) - geometry, 2002.5

Tags: circumcircle , isosceles , inscribed , perpendicular , geometry

Let $ABC$ be a triangle inscribed in a circle of center $O$ and $P$ be a point on the arc $AB$, that does not contain $C$. The perpendicular drawn fom $P$ on line $BO$ intersects $AB$ at $S$ and $BC$ at $T$. The perpendicular drawn from $P$ on line $AO$ intersects $AB$ at $Q$ and $AC$ at $R$. Prove that: a) $PQS$ is an isosceles triangle b) $PQ^2=QR= ST$

2002 IMO Shortlist, 3

Tags: geometry , incenter , circumcircle , perpendicular bisector , angle chasing

The circle $S$ has centre $O$, and $BC$ is a diameter of $S$. Let $A$ be a point of $S$ such that $\angle AOB<120{{}^\circ}$. Let $D$ be the midpoint of the arc $AB$ which does not contain $C$. The line through $O$ parallel to $DA$ meets the line $AC$ at $I$. The perpendicular bisector of $OA$ meets $S$ at $E$ and at $F$. Prove that $I$ is the incentre of the triangle $CEF.$

2011 Greece Team Selection Test, 4

Tags: cyclic quadrilateral , circumcircle , nine point center , poncelet point , geometry

Let $ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral and let $K,L,M,N,S,T$ the midpoints of $AB, BC, CD, AD, AC, BD$ respectively. Prove that the circumcenters of $KLS, LMT, MNS, NKT$ form a cyclic quadrilateral which is similar to $ABCD$.

2012 USA Team Selection Test, 1

Tags: circumcircle , trigonometry , length , spiral similarity , fixed point , geometry

In acute triangle $ABC$, $\angle{A}<\angle{B}$ and $\angle{A}<\angle{C}$. Let $P$ be a variable point on side $BC$. Points $D$ and $E$ lie on sides $AB$ and $AC$, respectively, such that $BP=PD$ and $CP=PE$. Prove that as $P$ moves along side $BC$, the circumcircle of triangle $ADE$ passes through a fixed point other than $A$.

2022-2023 OMMC, 19

Tags: geometry , circumcircle

Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle with $AB = 7$, $AC = 8$, and $BC = 3$. Let $P_1$ and $P_2$ be two distinct points on line $AC$ ($A, P_1, C, P_2$ appear in that order on the line) and $Q_1$ and $Q_2$ be two distinct points on line $AB$ ($A, Q_1, B, Q_2$ appear in that order on the line) such that $BQ_1 = P_1Q_1 = P_1C$ and $BQ_2 = P_2Q_2 = P_2C$. Find the distance between the circumcenters of $BP_1P_2$ and $CQ_1Q_2$.

2001 All-Russian Olympiad, 4

Tags: circumcircle , 3d geometry , tetrahedron , sphere , geometry

A sphere with center on the plane of the face $ABC$ of a tetrahedron $SABC$ passes through $A$, $B$ and $C$, and meets the edges $SA$, $SB$, $SC$ again at $A_1$, $B_1$, $C_1$, respectively. The planes through $A_1$, $B_1$, $C_1$ tangent to the sphere meet at $O$. Prove that $O$ is the circumcenter of the tetrahedron $SA_1B_1C_1$.

2012 Indonesia MO, 4

Tags: circumcircle , geometry

Given a triangle $ABC$, let the bisector of $\angle BAC$ meets the side $BC$ and circumcircle of triangle $ABC$ at $D$ and $E$, respectively. Let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of $BD$ and $CE$, respectively. Circumcircle of triangle $ABD$ meets $AN$ at $Q$. Circle passing through $A$ that is tangent to $BC$ at $D$ meets line $AM$ and side $AC$ respectively at $P$ and $R$. Show that the four points $B,P,Q,R$ lie on the same line. [i]Proposer: Fajar Yuliawan[/i]

1989 India National Olympiad, 7

Tags: circumcircle , perpendicular bisector , geometry

Let $ A$ be one of the two points of intersection of two circles with centers $ X, Y$ respectively.The tangents at $ A$ to the two circles meet the circles again at $ B, C$. Let a point $ P$ be located so that $ PXAY$ is a parallelogram. Show that $ P$ is also the circumcenter of triangle $ ABC$.

2012 Romanian Masters In Mathematics, 2

Tags: circumcircle , trigonometry , complex number , geometry

Given a non-isosceles triangle $ABC$, let $D,E$, and $F$ denote the midpoints of the sides $BC,CA$, and $AB$ respectively. The circle $BCF$ and the line $BE$ meet again at $P$, and the circle $ABE$ and the line $AD$ meet again at $Q$. Finally, the lines $DP$ and $FQ$ meet at $R$. Prove that the centroid $G$ of the triangle $ABC$ lies on the circle $PQR$. [i](United Kingdom) David Monk[/i]

2000 Bulgaria National Olympiad, 2

Tags: circumcircle , geometry

Let $D$ be the midpoint of the base $AB$ of the isosceles acute triangle $ABC$. Choose point $E$ on segment $AB$, and let $O$ be the circumcenter of triangle $ACE$. Prove that the line through $D$ perpendicular to $DO$, the line through $E$ perpendicular to $BC$, and the line through $B$ parallel to $AC$ are concurrent.

2012 Online Math Open Problems, 27

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , incenter , trigonometry , angle bisector , cyclic quadrilateral

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with circumcircle $\omega$. Let the bisector of $\angle ABC$ meet segment $AC$ at $D$ and circle $\omega$ at $M\ne B$. The circumcircle of $\triangle BDC$ meets line $AB$ at $E\ne B$, and $CE$ meets $\omega$ at $P\ne C$. The bisector of $\angle PMC$ meets segment $AC$ at $Q\ne C$. Given that $PQ = MC$, determine the degree measure of $\angle ABC$. [i]Ray Li.[/i]

1986 National High School Mathematics League, 2

Tags: geometry , circumcircle

In acute triangle $ABC$, $D\in BC,E\in CA,F\in AB$. Prove that the necessary and sufficient condition of $AD,BE,CF$ are heights of $\triangle ABC$ is that $S=\frac{R}{2}(EF+FD+DE)$. Note: $S$ is the area of $\triangle ABC$, $R$ is the circumradius of $\triangle ABC$.

JBMO Geometry Collection, 2003

Tags: geometry , circumcircle , angle bisector

Let $D$, $E$, $F$ be the midpoints of the arcs $BC$, $CA$, $AB$ on the circumcircle of a triangle $ABC$ not containing the points $A$, $B$, $C$, respectively. Let the line $DE$ meets $BC$ and $CA$ at $G$ and $H$, and let $M$ be the midpoint of the segment $GH$. Let the line $FD$ meet $BC$ and $AB$ at $K$ and $J$, and let $N$ be the midpoint of the segment $KJ$. a) Find the angles of triangle $DMN$; b) Prove that if $P$ is the point of intersection of the lines $AD$ and $EF$, then the circumcenter of triangle $DMN$ lies on the circumcircle of triangle $PMN$.

2019 Belarusian National Olympiad, 10.6

Tags: circumcircle , inequalities , geometry

The tangents to the circumcircle of the acute triangle $ABC$, passing through $B$ and $C$, meet at point $F$. The points $M$, $L$, and $N$ are the feet of perpendiculars from the vertex $A$ to the lines $FB$, $FC$, and $BC$, respectively. Prove the inequality $AM+AL\ge 2AN$. [i](V. Karamzin)[/i]

2005 Romania Team Selection Test, 3

Tags: 3d geometry , circumcircle , inequalities , tetrahedron , sphere , geometry

Prove that if the distance from a point inside a convex polyhedra with $n$ faces to the vertices of the polyhedra is at most 1, then the sum of the distances from this point to the faces of the polyhedra is smaller than $n-2$. [i]Calin Popescu[/i]

1978 IMO Longlists, 41

Tags: geometry , inradius , circumcircle , incenter , triangle

In a triangle $ABC$ we have $AB = AC.$ A circle which is internally tangent with the circumscribed circle of the triangle is also tangent to the sides $AB, AC$ in the points $P,$ respectively $Q.$ Prove that the midpoint of $PQ$ is the center of the inscribed circle of the triangle $ABC.$

2010 India National Olympiad, 5

Tags: geometry , geometric transformation , reflection , euler , perpendicular bisector , circumcircle

Let $ ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with altitude $ AK$. Let $ H$ be its ortho-centre and $ O$ be its circum-centre. Suppose $ KOH$ is an acute-angled triangle and $ P$ its circum-centre. Let $ Q$ be the reflection of $ P$ in the line $ HO$. Show that $ Q$ lies on the line joining the mid-points of $ AB$ and $ AC$.

2003 ITAMO, 3

Tags: geometric transformation , homothety , circumcircle , reflection , geometry

Let a semicircle is given with diameter $AB$ and centre $O$ and let $C$ be a arbitrary point on the segment $OB$. Point $D$ on the semicircle is such that $CD$ is perpendicular to $AB$. A circle with centre $P$ is tangent to the arc $BD$ at $F$ and to the segment $CD$ and $AB$ at $E$ and $G$ respectively. Prove that the triangle $ADG$ is isosceles.