Let $a=2001$. Consider the set $A$ of all pairs of integers $(m,n)$ with $n\neq0$ such that (i) $m<2a$; (ii) $2n|(2am-m^2+n^2)$; (iii) $n^2-m^2+2mn\leq2a(n-m)$. For $(m, n)\in A$, let \[f(m,n)=\frac{2am-m^2-mn}{n}.\] Determine the maximum and minimum values of $f$.

Let $M, N$ be the midpoints of sides $AB, AC$ respectively of a triangle $ABC$. The perpendicular bisector to the bisectrix $AL$ meets the bisectrixes of angles $B$ and $C$ at points $P$ and $Q$ respectively. Prove that the common point of lines $PM$ and $QN$ lies on the tangent to the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $A$.

Playing soccer with 3 goes as follows: 2 field players try to make a goal past the goalkeeper, the one who makes the goal stands goalman for next game, etc. Arne, Bart and Cauchy played this game. Later, they tell their math teacher that A stood 12 times on the field, B 21 times on the field, C 8 times in the goal. Their teacher knows who made the 6th goal. Who made it?

As shown in the figure, two circles $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$ on the plane intersect at two points $A$ and $B$. The two rays passing through $A$, $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$ intersect $\Gamma_1$ at points $D$ and $E$ respectively, and $\Gamma_2$ at points $F$ and $C$ respectively (where $E$ and $F$ lie on line segments $AC$ and $AD$ respectively, and neither of them coincides with the endpoints). It is known that the three lines $AB$, $CF$ and $DE$ have a common point, the circumscribed circle of $\vartriangle AEF$ intersects $AB$ at point $G$, the straight line $EG$ intersects the circle $\Gamma_1$ at point $P$, the straight line $FG$ intersects the circle $\Gamma_2$ at point $Q$. Let the symmetric points of $C$ and $D$ wrt the straight line $AB$ be $C'$ and $D'$ respectively. If $PD'$ and $QC'$ intersect at point$ J$, prove that $J$ lies on the straight line $AB$. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/3/7/eb3acdbad52750a6879b4b6955dfdb7de19ed3.png[/img]

Let $ S_k $ be the symmetry of the plane with respect to the line $ k $. Prove that equality holds for every lines $ a, b, c $ contained in one plane $$ S_aS_bS_cS_aS_bS_cS_bS_cS_aS_bS_cS_a = S_bS_cS_aS_bS_cS_aS_aS_bS_cS_aS_bS_c$$

Find the largest possible number of rooks that can be placed on a $3n \times 3n$ chessboard so that each rook is attacked by at most one rook.

Check if there exists positive integers $ a, b$ and prime number $p$ such that $a^3-b^3=4p^2$

Consider a circle and a point $A$ outside it. We start moving from $A$ along a closed broken line consisting of segments of tangents to the circle (the segment itself should not necessarily be tangent to the circle) and terminate back at $A$. (On the links of the broken line are solid.) We label parts of the segments with a plus sign if we approach the circle and with a minus sign otherwise. Prove that the sum of the lengths of the segments of our path, with the signs given, is zero. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/3/0/8d682813cf7dfc88af9314498b9afcecdf77d2.png[/img]

There are two values of $ a$ for which the equation $ 4x^2 \plus{} ax \plus{} 8x \plus{} 9 \equal{} 0$ has only one solution for $ x$. What is the sum of these values of $ a$? $ \textbf{(A)}\ \minus{}16\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \minus{}8\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 0\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 8\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 20$

Let $ABC$ be a triangle, $I$ its incenter and $\omega$ its incircle. Let $D$,$E$ and $F$ be the points of tangency of $\omega$ with $BC$,$AC$ and $AB$, respectively and $M$,$N$ and $P$ be the midpoints of $BC$, $AC$ and $AB$. Let $D'$ be the second intersection of $DI$ with $\omega$, $Q$ the intersection of $DI$ with $EF$ and $U \ne Q$ be the intersection of $(AD'Q)$ with $(DMQ)$. Suppose that $U$ lies on the circumcircle of $BDF$. Prove that $PN, AM, UF$ concur.

At least how many regular triangles are needed to cover the lines of the following diagram? [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/e/3/4de2ed2c7cc9421d7d060f0bc537ccaa3838fc.png[/img] (Only the perimeter of the triangles is involved in the covering, and the entire perimeter need not be incident on the diagram.)

Let $\omega$ be the incircle of triangle $ABC$ and $\omega$ touches $BC$ at $D$. $AD$ meets $\omega$ again at $L$. Let $K$ be $A$-excenter, and $M,N$ be the midpoint of $BC,KM$, respectively. Prove that $B,C,N,L$ are concyclic.

Last month a pet store sold three times as many cats as dogs. If the store had sold the same number of cats but eight more dogs, it would have sold twice as many cats as dogs. How many cats did the pet store sell last month?

A line through the centroid G of the triangle ABC intersects the side AB at P and the side AC at Q Show that $\frac{PB}{PA} \cdot \frac{QC}{QA} \leq \frac{1}{4}$. Sorry for Triple-Posting. If possible, please merge the solutions to one document. I think there was an error because it may have automatically triple-posted.

The grid shown below is completed by choosing nine of the following numbers without repeating: $4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19$. If the sum of the five rows are equal to each other and the sum of the three columns are equal to each other, in how many different ways is it possible to fill the grid? $ \[\begin {array} {| c | c | c |} \hline 10 & & \\ \hline & & 9 \\ \hline & 3 & \\ \hline 11 & & 17 \\ \hline & 20 & \\ \hline \end {array} \] $ Note: The sum of the rows and the sum of the columns are not necessarily equal.

Three mutually tangent spheres each with radius $5$ sit on a horizontal plane. A triangular pyramid has a base that is an equilateral triangle with side length $6$, has three congruent isosceles triangles for vertical faces, and has height $12$. The base of the pyramid is parallel to the plane, and the vertex of the pyramid is pointing downward so that it is between the base and the plane. Each of the three vertical faces of the pyramid is tangent to one of the spheres at a point on the triangular face along its altitude from the vertex of the pyramid to the side of length $6$. The distance that these points of tangency are from the base of the pyramid is $\tfrac mn$, where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m+n$. [asy] size(200); defaultpen(linewidth(0.8)); pair X=(-.6,.4),A=(-.4,2),B=(-.7,1.85),C=(-1.1,2.05); picture spherex; filldraw(spherex,unitcircle,white); draw(spherex,(-1,0)..(-.2,-.2)..(1,0)^^(0,1)..(-.2,-.2)..(0,-1)); add(shift(-0.5,0.6)*spherex); filldraw(X--A--C--cycle,gray); draw(A--B--C^^X--B); add(shift(-1.5,0.2)*spherex); add(spherex); [/asy]

Prove that in every triangle for each of its altitudes: If you project the foof of one altitude on the other two altitudes and on the other two sides of the triangle, those four projections lie on the same line.

Denote by $d(n)$ the number of divisors of the positive integer $n$. A positive integer $n$ is called highly divisible if $d(n) > d(m)$ for all positive integers $m < n$. Two highly divisible integers $m$ and $n$ with $m < n$ are called consecutive if there exists no highly divisible integer $s$ satisfying $m < s < n$. (a) Show that there are only finitely many pairs of consecutive highly divisible integers of the form $(a, b)$ with $a\mid b$. (b) Show that for every prime number $p$ there exist infinitely many positive highly divisible integers $r$ such that $pr$ is also highly divisible.

The pentagon $A_1A_2A_3A_4A_5$ contains bisectors $\ell_1$, $\ell_2$, $...$, $\ell_5$ of angles $\angle A_1$, $\angle A_2$, $ ...$ , $\angle A_5$ respectively. Bisectors $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$ intersect at point $B_1$, $\ell_2$ and $\ell_3$ - at point $B_2$, etc., $\ell_5$ and $\ell_1$ intersect at point $B_5$. Can the pentagon $B_1B_2B_3B_4B_5$ be convex?

Let there be a scalene triangle $ABC$, and its incircle hits $BC, CA, AB$ at $D, E, F$. The perpendicular bisector of $BC$ meets the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $P, Q$, where $P$ is on the same side with $A$ with respect to $BC$. Let the line parallel to $AQ$ and passing through $D$ meet $EF$ at $R$. Prove that the intersection between $EF$ and $PQ$ lies on the circumcircle of $BCR$.

Does there exists a function $f : \mathbb{N} \longrightarrow \mathbb{N}$ \begin{align*} f \left( m+ f(n) \right) = f(m) +f(n) + f(n+1) \end{align*} for all $m,n \in \mathbb{N}$ ?

Inside the triangle $ABC$ there is a point $P$ such that $$\angle PAB=\angle PBC =\angle PCA = \phi.$$ Prove that $$\frac{1}{\sin^2 \phi}=\frac{1}{\sin^2 A} +\frac{1}{\sin^2 B} +\frac{1}{\sin^2 C}$$

What non-zero real value for $ x$ satisfies $ (7x)^{14} \equal{} (14x)^7$? $ \textbf{(A) } \frac 17 \qquad \textbf{(B) } \frac 27 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 1 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 7 \qquad \textbf{(E) } 14$

Is the number \[ \left( 1 + \frac12 \right) \left( 1 + \frac14 \right) \left( 1 + \frac16 \right)\cdots\left( 1 + \frac{1}{2018} \right) \] greater than, less than, or equal to $50$?

Given a point $P_0$ in the plane of the triangle $A_1A_2A_3$. Define $A_s=A_{s-3}$ for all $s\ge4$. Construct a set of points $P_1,P_2,P_3,\ldots$ such that $P_{k+1}$ is the image of $P_k$ under a rotation center $A_{k+1}$ through an angle $120^o$ clockwise for $k=0,1,2,\ldots$. Prove that if $P_{1986}=P_0$, then the triangle $A_1A_2A_3$ is equilateral.